Ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ezihlobene nobudala kuthinta umuntu oyedwa kubantu abathathu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, futhi leyo nombolo iyanda njengoba usukhula, ugijimela kubabili abadala abadinga usizo lokuzwa nge-70 ubudala. Njengoba isikhathi sokuphila siqhubeka sanda, inombolo abantu abanokuzwa ukulahlekelwa kuyadabukisa. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe kunomthelela kwezinye izimo ezibucayi kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka, ukuzihlukanisa, ukungasebenzi kahle, ngisho nokucindezeleka komqondo .
Naphezu kwalezi zibalo, abangaphansi kwengxenye yabantu abadala asebekhulile abadinga usizo lokuzwa bayayithenga ngempela. Izindleko kucatshangwa ukuthi yisici esiyinhloko ekudambiseni abantu ekuthengeni izinsiza zokuzwa, ngoba ngokwesilinganiso nje ukusiza eyodwa kokuzwa kubiza cishe ngama-$ 2,500. Izindlebe zokuzwa ngokuvamile azihlanganiswa nomshuwalense . Ezinye izici zingase zihlanganise indlela ukusiza usizo lokuzwa (abantu bavaliwe ukubukeka kwabo) kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuya ezikhundleni zokuhlolwa kwezivivinyo nokuhlolwa. Abanye abadala asebekhulile bangase bakhethe ukuhlala bephika ngoba ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kuhlobene nokukhula.
Njengamanje e-United States, i-FDA ayivumeli ukuthi amadivaysi athengiswe ngqo kubathengi ngokuthi "izinsiza zokuzwa" ngakho izinkampani ziye zazungeze lokhu ngokuzithengisa ngokuthi "imikhiqizo yokukhulisa umsindo" noma i-PSAPs. Ngokungafani nezinsiza zokuzwa, ama-PSAP angathengiswa ngokuqondile emphakathini ngaphandle kosizo noma iseluleko somchwepheshe wezokuzwa ( audiologist ), futhi ashibhile kakhulu.
Imikhiqizo yomuntu yokukhulisa umsindo ithengiswa cishe ngo-$ 150- $ 300 ngedivayisi ngayinye. Kodwa ingabe bayasebenza futhi?
I-PSAPs ne-OTC Hearing Aid
Ngokwesifundo se-2017 eshicilelwe kuyi- American Journal of Audiology, i- PSAPs yayisebenza kancane kancane kunezinsiza zokuzwa ezazisakazwa futhi zishintshwa yi-audiologist yezobuchwepheshe, (uma isetshenziselwa ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa okuncane kuya komfutho).
Ngenxa yokuthi ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwezindleko kunengqondo ukusho ukuthi ukwenza izinsiza zokuzwa ezitholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter kungenza ukuba kufinyeleleke kubantu abadala, okungase kuthuthukise ukuzwa kwezigidi zabantu. Umphumela owodwa othakazelisayo wocwaningo, noma kunjalo, ukuthi abahlanganyeli banikezwa ithuba lokuthenga izinsiza zabo zokuzwa ekupheleni kocwaningo, futhi izinsiza ezibiza kakhulu ezazisatshalaliswa yi-audiologist cishe zithengwa ngaphezu kwezinto ezingezansi- kubiza i-PSAPs.
Ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi izidingo zokuzwa zilawulwa kanjani e-United States futhi futhi ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukuzithengisa emakethe, ubuchwepheshe obuningi obukhona abusebenziswanga ukuthuthukisa izinsiza zokuzwa, ezifana nobuchwepheshe obungenawaya kanye namabhethri avuselelekayo . Okungenani inkampani eyodwa ethengisa i-PSAPs, i-Doppler Labs, izama ukwenza izinsiza zokuzwa zibe mnandi futhi zisebenziseke. Benza amadivaysi axhuma ne-smartphone yakho futhi angahle alahleke kalula ngamadivayisi asetshenziselwa ukusakaza umculo noma ukuthatha izingcingo. Ukushintsha indlela i-FDA elawula ngayo izinsiza zokuzwa ezingaphezu kwamakhompiyutha kungasiza ekwakheni ukuncintisana okukhulu embonini futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuthuthukiseni kumadivayisi okuzwa ngokwabo.
Akukho mbuzo ukuthi ukuhlambalaza nokubukeka kuyisici esikhulu sokuthi kungani abantu abadala asebekhulile bezwa izinsiza, kodwa abanye abantu bacabange ukuzwa amadivaysi ahlekisayo noma ahlanganiswe okuningi. Uma izindleko zehlelwe ezindlebeni zokuzwa, futhi zingathengwa ekhemisi yangakini, abanye abantu embonini babecabanga ukuthi bafana ne-accessory fashion. Ungakhetha noma yikuphi ukuzwa okusizwayo ngalolo suku ngokusekelwe ekuhlotsheni kwakho.
Ngabe I-OTC Yokuzwa Usizo Eyotholakala Ngani?
Ngombukiso ongavamile wokubhapathiza, ngo-2017, abameli abaningana abaholwa ngu-Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass) noCharles Grassley (R-Iowa) bathule isimemezelo eSenate ukushintsha indlela i-FDA elawula ngayo izinsiza zokuzwa.
Umthetho ofanayo wangeniswa eNdlu Yezakhamuzi nguJoe Kennedy III (D-Mass) noMarsha Blackburn (R-Tenn). Lesi senzo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-Over-The-Counter Hearing Aid Aid Act. Nakuba bobabili abaDemocrats namaRiphablikhi babonakala begibele nomthetho, izinkampani ezithile zokusiza zokuzwa kanye namaqembu ochwepheshe aphikisana nesilinganiso.
Abantu abaphikisana nokwenza izinsiza zokuzwa ezitholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter bathi ukuthi ngokungaboni i-audiologist, laba bantu baphuthelwa yi-coaching ebalulekile engabasiza ukuba baphathe ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe zabo. Ukuphatha ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa akukhona nje kuphela mayelana nokuzwa usizo emva kwakho konke, isazi sezithuthukisi singakufundisa ukuthi ufunde kanjani izindebe. Abantu abafuna ukwamukela izinsiza zokuzwa ezitholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter bathi i-patient isakwazi ukuthola iseluleko somsebenzi, ukukhokhela imali yokusebenza, kodwa leyo mithetho eguqukayo izovula imakethe, ukuncintisana kwabantu, ukuletha amanani phansi, nokuhola ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe bokuzwa. Izinyanga neminyaka ezayo ukuletha ukucwaninga nokuxoxa okwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko, okuyinto ngokuqinisekile, ekugcineni, kuyoholela ekulaleleni kangcono izigidi zabantu.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Journal ye-Audiology. Imiphumela Yezokuthunyelwa Kwemisebenzi Neyokuthengwa Kwezinsizakalo Emiphumeleni Yokusiza Yokuzwa Kudala Abadala: Isivivinyo Sengqondo Esilawulwa Ngama-Double-Blind Esilungisiwe. Http://aja.pubs.asha.org/article.aspx?articleid=2608398. Kubuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 2017.
> Ingabe yisikhathi sokuzwa ama-Aids okumele athengiswe phezu kwe-Counter. I-Shots Health News evela ku-NPR. http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/04/24/524946910/is-it-time-for-hearing-aids-to-be-sold-over-counter. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Ephreli 2017.
> Ukuvula imakethe kumasevisi okuzwa okungaphezu kwe-counter: Okuthile iCongress ingavumelana. I-Hill. http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/healthcare/333734-opening-the-market-to-over-the-counter-hearing-aids- into. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 2017.