I-scleritis i-inflammation ye- sclera , isembozo sangaphandle esimhlophe saso. I-sclera ivaliwe ngombala futhi yenziwa i-collagen. Imikhumbi yegazi ihamba ngaphesheya kwe-sclera futhi ingabandakanyeka ku-scleritis.
Sibutsetelo
I-scleritis ingaba yingozi emehlweni, okwenza ubuhlungu obukhulu nokulahlekelwa umbono kwabanye abantu. Nakuba i-scleritis ingahle ihlotshaniswe nokuhlukunyezwa noma ukutheleleka, amacala angaphezu kwesigamu se-scleritis ahlotshaniswa nesifo esiyisisekelo se-systemic njenge- arthritis ye-rhumum , i-ankylosing spondylitis, i-systemic lupus erythematosus, i-polyarteritis nodosa, i-granulomatosis ka-Wegener, i-herpes zoster virus, i-gout kanye ne-syphilis.
I-scleritis icatshangwa ukuthi iyisibonakaliso sokuvuvukala okungenzeka kube khona kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Kwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 no-60 ubudala, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame abesifazane abaningi kunamadoda.
Izimpawu
I-scleritis ivame ukuvela kwelinye iso, kodwa ingathinta kokubili amehlo ndawonye. Izimpawu ezisemqoka ze-scleritis zibuhlungu nokubomvu endaweni ebomvu yeso lapho ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima. Ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ubuhlungu beso obungabandakanya ikhanda nobuso
- Ububele
- Ukuzwela okukhanya
- Ukukhipha
- Umbono ophuphuthekile noma owehliwe
- Ukubomvu kweso (ngenxa yemithwalo yegazi ehlanjululwayo engenza indawo ibonakale ibomvu futhi ithathe i-blue hue.)
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-scleritis: i- anterior ne-posterior . I-scleritis ihlelwe ngokwezigaba zeso.
I-Anterior Scleritis
I-Anterior scleritis ingahle ihlukane phakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu ezilandelayo:
Ukusakaza i-Scleritis : Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-scleritis, olubandakanya ingxenye engaphambili ye-sclera.
I-Nodular Scleritis : I-Small, ithenda ifomula e-sclera, emele ukuvuvukala okujwayelekile.
I-Necrotizing Scleritis : Eyaziwa nangokuthi i- scleromalacia perforans , lolu hlobo lungaba lubi kakhulu futhi lungabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono. Lolu hlobo luvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezizenzakalelayo zesistimu.
I-posterior scleritis
I-posterior scleritis ingaba yisimo esibi kakhulu sesifo futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuyihlolisisa. Ichazwa ngokuthi ushintsho ekubunjeni kwesici esilandelayo sezwe, ukuqina kwezingubo zokugcina zaso (i-choroid ne-sclera), ne-retrobulbar edema. I-posterior scleritis yiyona ndlela ehlukumezayo ye-scleritis, ehlanganisa ingxenye yangasese yeso. Lolu hlobo lungenza ukuba iso lithinteke kakhulu ezinkingeni zezinsipho, amasosha okubuyisela kanye ne- glaucoma yokuvala ama-angle.
Izimbangela
Izimbangela eziningi ze-scleritis ziyi-idiopathic, noma zivela ngesizathu esingaziwa. Odokotela abayitholi isizathu esiqondile. I-scleritis ibonakala ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuvuvukala okwenzeka emzimbeni kusuka ezimweni ezizenzakalelayo. Ngokuvamile, kubangelwa izifo nokuhlukunyezwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Odokotela baxilonga i-scleritis ngokuhlola umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Uzonikezwa izivivinyo ukukala ubunzima bakho obubonakalayo nokucindezela kwe-intraocular . Udokotela wakho uzohlola amehlo akho ngokusebenzisa i- biomicroscope lamathambo okubhaka . Futhi, amehlo akho azohlungwa ukuze ahlole ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa amaconsi athile ehlose ukusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-scleritis ne-episcleritis, isimo esingase sihlotshaniswe nezifo ezizenzakalelayo kodwa kuhilela izicubu kanye nezitsha ezinxenyeni phakathi kwe-sclera kanye ne-conjunctiva.
Ukwelapha
Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-scleritis ingabangela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwembono. I-scleritis ivame ukuphathwa ngemithi emilonyeni yokulwa nokuvuvukala, njenge-ibuprofen noma imithi kadokotela engeyona i-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Ama-steroids omlomo ngokuvamile avunyelwe njengendlela yokujola ngokuqondile kwe-steroids emathiswini ngokwawo. Ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa ezingenayo i-immunosuppressive zisetshenziswa. I-scleritis ayivame ukuphendula kahle imithi yokwehlisa amehlo isohlo, kodwa-ke, ngakho odokotela abathile banikeze i-steroid ye-topical kanye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga ezihambisana ne-scleritis, njenge-glaucoma, kungadingeka futhi.
Ngenxa yokuthi izimo eziningi ze-scleritis zihlotshaniswa nesifo esiyisisekelo se-systicic, ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekuphatheni lesi sifo ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwe-scleritis.
Ukuvimbela
Ngenxa yokuthi i-scleritis yinkinga evame ukuqhuma ngenxa yokuvuvukala okungokwakhe emehlweni, iningi labantu abanempilo akudingeki likhathazeke ngokuthuthukisa i-scleritis. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlushwa yizifo ezizenzekelayo, kunezinto ezimbalwa odokotela abancomayo zokugwema i-scleritis:
- Qaphela isimo sesistimu ongase ube nayo esingakubeka phambili ekuthuthukiseni i-scleritis. Gcina udokotela wakho uvakashe futhi athathe imithi yakho. Ngisho noma ungase uzizwe uhle, ungase ube nokuvuvukala uthuthuke buthule.
- Hlala umoya nomoya. Nakuba lokhu kuvame kakhulu ku-episcleritis, ezinye izimo ze-scleritis ziye zakhula kusuka ekuvezeni kwangaphandle njengomoya kanye nelanga.
- Yidla okunempilo futhi uthathe i-multivitamin. Amaphephandaba wezokwelapha abike amacala e-scleritis okucatshangwa ukuthi abangelwa ukungabi namavithamini athile, okungukuthi i-vitamin B12, C, no-D.
Imithombo:
- Watson P. Izifo ze-sclera kanye ne-episclera. Ku: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Ophthalmology kaDuane . 2013 ed. Philadelphia, PA: uLippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012: vol 4, isahluko 23
- UCatania, uLouis. Ukunakekelwa Okuyisisekelo Kwengxenye Engaphambili, Ukushicilelwa Kwembili. I-Copyright 1995 ngu-Appleton & Lange.