Isimo sengqondo somcwaningi singaqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zokubandlulula
Ukuhlola i-Audism kuyigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isimo sengqondo esingalungile ngabantu abayizithulu noma abanzima bokuzwa. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa njengendlela yokubandlulula, ukubandlulula, noma ukungabi nokuzikhethela okujwayelekile ukuhlala kulabo abangakwazi ukuzwa. Labo abamba lezi zibuko babizwa ngokuthi abahloli bama-auditor kanye nezimo zengqondo ezicindezelayo zingathatha izinhlobo ezahlukene.
Ukuqonda i-Audit
I- auditory yamagama yaqala ukuhlanganiswa nguTom Humphries engxenyeni yakhe yezokwelapha ngo-1977 ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukukhulumisana Nezizwe Zonke (Ukuzizwa Ngezithulu) nokuFunda Ulimi.
"Kulo, i-Humphries ichaza ngokuthi," Umbono wokuthi omunye uphakeme ngokuya komuntu ukuzwa noma ukuziphatha ngendlela ozwayo. "
Ukuhlolwa kwama-auditory kuye kwaqanjwa ngezikhathi eziningi eminyakeni edlule. Phakathi kwalabo abaye bahlola lesi simo sengqondo ngokujula okukhulu kwaba nguHarlan Lane. Incwadi yakhe, i- "Mask of Benevolence: Ukukhubaza uMphakathi Wezintatheli," ngokuyinhloko ngokuphathelene nokuhlola. Ngenkathi uHumphries ethatha indlela yokuthola ilungelo lokuzwa, uLane ubheke ububanzi bomphakathi nomphakathi wonke.
Igalari YaseYunivesithi yaseGallaudet inikeza ukucaphuna okumangalisayo kusuka eLane. Ithi, ngokwengxenye, "ngokufushane, ukucwaningwa kwama-auditory kuyindlela yokulalela yokulawula, ukulungiswa kabusha nokusebenzisa amandla phezu kwabantu abayizithulu."
Amafomu e-Audist
Ukuhlola i-Audism kungatholakala emafetheni ahlukahlukene ezindaweni eziningi zomphakathi. Kungathinta umsebenzi womuntu, imfundo, izimo zokuphila, noma nje kufakwe engxoxweni engavamile.
Noma kunjalo, kubuye kubhekise ukuthi ngokuvamile abantu abazwayo nabangezithulu bangaba nesimo sengqondo somcwaningi.
Phakathi kweendlela izindlela zokucwaningwa kwamabhuku ezingasetshenziswa ngayo:
- Ukwenqaba noma ukwehluleka ukusebenzisa ulimi lwezandla phambi komuntu othembekile olimini lwezandla, noma ngabe uyakwazi ukusayina.
- Ukuphazamisa isithulu noma ukuzwa ngomuntu ozwayo ngenxa yobuthakathaka ekukhulumeni, ngisho noma benamandla olimini lwezandla.
- Ukuphikelela ukuthi abantu abayizithulu nabanzima bokuzwa bavumelana nomphakathi wokuzwa.
- Ukungafuni ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlolwa komuntu.
- Ukunciphisa ukulindela ngokuphathelene nemfundo noma amakhono omsebenzi ngoba abakwazi ukuzwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ukucwaningwa kwama-auditing akubheki kubantu abangase bangajwayele isiko lesithulu. Njengoba abalobi bewebhusayithi yeDeaf Choice baveza, uma ungajwayele umphakathi oyisithulu, kungenzeka ungalindelekile ukuthi wazi yonke "imithetho" ehlelwe ngaphakathi ukuze ibhekwe njengesizotha.
Esikhundleni salokho, ilebula lezincwadi zama-auditor lisetshenziselwa kakhulu labo abanolwazi lwesiko lesithulu kodwa ukhethe, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile noma olunye, ukungayinaki noma ukuyilahla. Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokubandlulula, inhloso kufanele ihlolwe lapho ikhuluma ngokucwaninga kwamabhuku.
Ukucwaningwa kwama-Audit kanye neNkohlakalo
Umphakathi oyisithulu unokuziqhenya okuthile okuvame ukuchazwa isiko lesithulu . Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukucwaningwa kwama-auditory ngokuvamile kuvambela izingxoxo zalo mphakathi. Njengoba nje ungathola izingqikithi zobandlululo noma ubulili emasikweni, ungathola izingqikithi zama-auditor ngaphakathi kwesiko lesithulu.
Ngokwesibonelo, inqwaba yabantu abaye bahlangana nezimo zengqondo zabacwaningi babhale ngazo ngezincwadi, ukudlala, izinkondlo nezinye izindawo.
Isihloko esivamile samaphephandaba abafundi abayizithulu nabacwaningi abanentshisekelo emiphakathini yomphakathi kanye namasiko omphakathi.
Ngokufanayo, izinhlangano ezikhuthaza umphakathi wesithulu zivame ukubamba iqhaza empini yokulwa nobuchopho. I-Canadian Association for the Deaf ibhala ukuthi ukucwaningwa kwama-auditiki kwenzeka kuzo zonke izigaba zomphakathi futhi kuyifinyelela njengokungamukeleki njenganoma iyiphi enye indlela yokuhlukumezeka. I-National Association Yezithulu e-US iphinde ibandakanye "ukuqedwa kokucwaninga kwamabhuku, ulimi, ubuhlanga, nezinye izinhlobo zokubandlulula" esitatimendeni sabo emagugu omphakathi.
Izwi elivela
Ukucwaningwa kwama-auditory kungokoqobo njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokubandlulula kanye nomthelela walo kungabonakala ngokujulile ngabantu abayizithulu nabanzima bokuzwa.
Kungumqondo omuhle wokuthi wonke umuntu enze konke okusemandleni akhe ukuze ahlale ecabangela inkinga. Ukuzifundisa ngokwesiko lesithulu kuyindlela eyodwa ongayisiza.
> Umthombo:
> Eckert RC, uRowley AJ. I-Audism: Ithiyori kanye Nokuzikhandla Kwama-Audiocentric Privilege. Ubuntu & Society. 2013; 37 (2): 101-130. doi: doi.org/10.1177/0160597613481731.
> Deaf Choice, Inc. Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwezimali? DeafChoice.com 2012.
> Harrington T, Jacobi L. Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwezimali: Isingeniso. Igalari YaseNyuvesi yaseGallaudet. 2009.
> Humphries T. Ukukhulumisana Ezindaweni Zonke (Ukuzwa Okungezwayo) nokuFunda Ulimi. I-Union Institute neYunivesithi, i-ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. 1977. DP10817.