IV Sedation (Ukuqapha Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Anesthesia noma iMAC) yezokwelapha
Ukuguqulwa kwe-intravenous, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukunakekelwa kwe-anesthesia (MAC) noma "ukulala kwe-twilight," luhlobo lwe-anesthesia elibuyisela isiguli ngesifo esisodwa (IV) esifakwe emthanjeni. Kuye ngenqubo yokuhlinza, inani le-anesthesia elisetshenziswe lingase libe nesilinganiso esincane-nje ngokwanele ukwenza isiguli sigule-inani elijulile kangangokuthi isiguli ngeke sikhumbule inqubo.
I-anesthesia ejulile ivame ukusetshenziselwa izinqubo ezincane ezinjengekolonoscopy.
I-sedation IV ingahle ihlanganiswe ne-anesthesia yesifunda noma yendawo.
Izinhlobo ze-Anesthesia
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ze-anesthesia ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Izinhlobo zifaka:
- I-Anesthesia yasekhaya
I-anesthesia yasendaweni iyinhlanganisela yemithi eyenza indawo encane. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukukhipha imvukuzane yesikhumba noma umdlavuza wesikhumba noma ukuthatha i-biopsy. - I-Anesthesia yesiFunda
I-anesthesia yesiFunda isetshenziselwa ukuphazamisa ingxenye enkulu yomzimba, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwesinqe. I-anesthesia ingase isetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa umjovo noma i-catheter. Iziguli zizophaphama kodwa azikwazi ukuzwa indawo ehlungwe. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nokuhlinzwa kwesisu, umlenze noma ingalo. - I-Anesthesia eqondisiwe (IV Sedation)
I-anesthesia, noma i-IV sedation, ilawulwa nge-vein. Iziguli zingakwazi ukukhuluma, kuye ngokuthi izinga le-anesthesia elisetshenzisiwe, noma esikhundleni sokulala okujulile. Iziguli ziyakwazi ukuphefumula zodwa ukuze izibilini (ukubeka ithubhu ibe yi-windpipe) akudingeki. I-IV sedation isetshenziselwa i-colonoscopy, ezinye izinqubo zokuhlinza nge-plastiki, futhi iyaqhubeka isetshenziselwa izinqubo ezithile ezenziwe ngaphambilini nge-anesthetic jikelele, ukulungisa okunjalo.
- I-General Anesthesia
I-anesthesia ejwayelekile ilawulwa noma i-mask ebusweni noma i-intravenous kuze kube yilapho isiguli sigula ukuqonda. Ukuphefumula kulawulwa nge-tube endotracheal efakwe emphepheni. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile isetshenziselwa iziguli ezinokuhlinzeka okukhulu, ezifana nokuguqulwa kwamadolo noma amaqabunga noma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-intravenous kuphephile futhi kuyasebenza kulabo abadinga ukuhlinzwa okuncane noma inqubo ehlonza isimo sezokwelapha (i-biopsy).
Izinzuzo ze-Intravenous Sedation
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-sedation e-intravenous ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlinzwa epulasitiki zihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Kunesilinganiso esicacile se-anesthesia esetshenziswayo
- Izinga eliphakeme lokuphepha
- Isimo esincane sezinambuzane zokuthutha, ukuhlanza, ukugcina umchamo, izinkinga zamapulmoni kanye ne-hyperthermia engafanele (impilo esongelayo kodwa ingavamile ukungezwani kwesifo sokuzibulala)
- Iziguli ziphuma e-anesthesia ngokushesha
- Ingozi encane yezindwangu zegazi futhi ngenxa yalokho i- pulmonary emboli (ama-clots egazi aphumula emilenzeni futhi ahambe aye emaphashini)
- Ukugwema umphimbo obuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-anesthesia jikelele idinga ukubekwa kwe- tube endotracheal engabangela ukucasuka komlomo)
Ngenxa yokuthi isiguli sikwazi ukuphefumulela ngokwawo nge-IV sedation, bobabili udokotela ohlinzayo nodokotela we-anesthesiologist bayazi kahle ukugula kwesiguli ngaphambi kokuba isiguli senze futhi singaphendula ngokunyuka kwesinye isikhathi sokuzibulala kwesimo noma izinga lokudambisa.
Izingozi ze-Intravenous Sedation (IV Sedation)
Ukusekelwa ngokweqile kunamandla okuvimbela umshini wokuphefumula futhi kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kokubili ukuphefumula kanye namazinga okwethula oksijini.
Uma ukuguqulwa kukujule kakhulu, ukusikisela kokugcina kungadingeka.
Ngaphambi kwenqubo nge-Intravenous Sedation
Ngaphambi kokuba wenze inqubo ene-sedation engenalutho, kufanele welule udokotela wakho mayelana nemithi noma izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Kumele futhi utshele udokotela nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa ngaphambilini, kuhlanganise nohlobo lwe-anesthesia, oye lwayo.
Uzokwaziswa ngesidingo sokuhlela ukuthi umuntu omdala onokwethenjelwa akuthumelele uye kulesi sikhungo ngenqubo. Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphulukisa kancane ngemva kwenqubo.
Ukulandela ukuhlinzwa kwakho, uzonikezwa uhlu lwemiyalelo okufanele ulandelwe kanye nezimpawu okufanele zikuxwayise ukuthi ushayele udokotela wakho.
Ngemuva kwenqubo nge-Intravenous Sedation
Ngokuvamile uzozizwa u-groggy ngemuva kwenqubo yakho futhi ungase ube nekhanda elincane ne-nausea. Phakathi nenqubo yokutakula, umhlengikazi wakho uzoqapha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise nokucindezelwa kwegazi , ama-pulse, namazinga oksijini. Ngokuvamile uzolondolozwa amahora amabili kuya kokubili ngemuva kwenqubo ngaphambi kokuthi ukwazi ukubuyela ekhaya nomshayeli wakho. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuba othile ahlale nawe (futhi umqondo omuhle) kumahora angu-24 okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Ngaphansi kwe-IV Sedation
Ukuguqulwa kwe-intravenous (IV sedation) noma ukunakekelwa kwe-anesthesia (MAC) inikeza okunye okuphephile kunesifo esijwayelekile sokuhlinzeka ngezinqubo zokuhlinza ezincane. Ingahlinzekela ukuguqulwa okuvela kancane (ukulala kancane) kuya ekujulile (ukulala okujulile.) Ngokuqinisekile, zonke izinhlobo ze-anesthesia zinezingozi , futhi kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo nodokotela we-anesthesiologist nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ongase unakho, kanye nokunakekelwa ngokwakho emva kwenqubo bese ulandela imiyalo oyitholayo. Uma ubhema, shiya. Ukuyeka ukubhema kungenzeka ukuthi yinombolo eyodwa into umuntu ozobhema angakwenza kokubili ukwandisa ukuphepha kwe-anesthesia nokuphulukiswa kunoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa.
Imithombo:
Sohn, Hve-min, noJ. Rvu. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Anesthesia okuqashelwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweGumbi Lokusebenza. I-Korean Journal of Anesthesiology . 2016. 69 (4): 319-326.