Ngini futhi Kungani Odokotela Abahlinzayo Bebenza?
Ukwelashwa yiyona ekhethekile yokwelashwa okuphatha izifo nokuphazamiseka ngokusika, ukususa noma ukuguqula umzimba ngenqubo yokusebenza evulela umzimba ukwelashwa. Le ncazelo ihamba kancane kancane, njengoba izinqubo ezintsha azidingi ukuvulwa emzimbeni ukwenza izinqubo.
Uyini umehluko Phakathi Kokusebenza Nokuhlinzwa?
I-term operation iyinkulumo evamile yokuhlinzwa.
"Ukusebenza" kuvame ukubhekwa njengegama elivame kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase bathi "Ngidinga ukuhlinzwa" kanti abanye bayothi "Ngifuna ukuhlinzwa." Yombili imibhalo ilungile.
Yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okushoyo
Ukuhlinzwa kusho ukuvula umzimba womuntu nokusika izicubu ukubhekana nezinkinga ezivela emzimbeni. Lokhu kungase kusho ukususa izicubu, ukuguqula izicubu noma ukushintsha nje indlela umzimba womuntu osebenza ngayo ngezokwelapha ezenziwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
Ukuhlinzwa kungasho inqubo encane yokuphulukisa iziguli ezithatha amahora noma izinsuku ukuze kutholakale ngokugcwele (njengokukhululwa komhubhe we-carpal), noma kungaba inqubo enkulu ephethe izindaba ezisongela ukuphila, njengokufakelwa kwenhliziyo.
Lapho Kuhlinzwa Ukwelashwa
Ukuhlinzwa kunezingozi ezithile, kubandakanya ukusabela ku-anesthesia nokutheleleka. Ngenxa yalokho, kuvame ukuphakanyiswa kuphela uma ezinye izinketho ezincane ezinengozi zingenakuphumelela.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimo eziningi lapho ukwelashwa kukhetha khona, okusho ukuthi isiguli sikhetha ukuhlinzwa nakuba kungadingekile ukwehlisa noma ukwelapha isifo.
Ukuhlinzeka ngokuphuthumayo noma okuphuthumayo kwenziwa ngokuphuthumayo noma uma isifo noma ukulimala kungenakulunye ukwelashwa. Izibonelo zokuhlinzwa okudingekayo zifaka:
- Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kwesigungu esiphukile esiyinkimbinkimbi
- Ukususwa kwezingxenye zomzimba ezingasebenzi (ukususwa kwesithasiselo, i-gallbladder, izinso zamatshe, njll)
- Ukususwa kwezinto zangaphandle (izibhamu noma i-shrapnel, isibonelo)
- Isigaba saseKesariya sokuzalwa okuyingozi noma okunzima
Ukuhlinzwa okukhethiwe kwenziwa ngesikhathi esikhethwe isiguli kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo, ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ukuhlinzwa okukhethwayo kungaba yisimonyo (ukuhlinzekwa kwepulasitiki), ukufunwa ngokwemithi (ukuxuba amathambo ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu obuvela ku-disk herniated), noma kudingekile kwezokwelapha (ukususwa kwesisu esinomdlavuza).
Ubani Owenza Ukuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo, udokotela oye waqeqeshwa ngokujulile kuhlanganise nesikole sezokwelapha , ukuhlala ngokujwayelekile ukuhlala iminyaka emihlanu ubude, futhi kungafaka ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo okukhethekile okungase kuthathe iminyaka eminingana. Kunezici eziningi zokuhlinzeka ezihlinzeka ukwelashwa kuzo zonke izindawo zomzimba womuntu kuhlanganise nenhliziyo, ubuchopho, izitho, izicubu namathambo.
Izinhlobo Zokuhlinzwa
Kuze kube yamuva, konke ukuhlinzeka kwakuhilelekile ukusika isiguli esivulwe nge-scalpel ukuze kususwe, kulungiswe noma kushintshe okuthile ngaphakathi komzimba. Nokho, phakathi neminyaka embalwa edlule, kuye kwaqalwa izinhlobo ezintsha zokuhlinzwa. Lezi zincane kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kuncishiswa okuncane okudingekayo.
Ukusika kancane kuncipha ubuhlungu, ingozi, nemiphumela emibi ephathelene nokuhlinzwa.
Izibonelo zamasu okuhlinzeka amancane angenawo:
- I-laparoscopy (ne-micro-laparoscopy) ihilela ukuhlinzwa ngokusebenzisa izinsimbi ezincane. Udokotela ohlinzayo udonsa kuphela umgodi omncane ukuletha izinsimbi futhi uqondise izinsimbi usebenzisa i-laparoscope (into efana ne-telescope ngokukhanya).
- IYAQALA izinqubo , ezivumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuba ahlinzekwe ngokusebenzisa "ama-orifice emvelo" akhona emzimbeni.
> Imithombo:
> Arulampalam, T., Paterson-Brown, A. et al. I-orifice yangokwemvelo yokuhlinzwa okuphelile ekugcineni. Ama-Annal of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 91 (6), 456-459. 2009.
> Medline Plus. Ukuhlinzwa. Ilabhulali Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha yase-US. Iwebhu. 2017.