Uma inhliziyo yakho iphoqa igazi emithanjeni yakho, iqhuma igazi ngaphansi kwekhanda lokucindezela. Odokotela balinganisela ukucindezeleka kwegazi njengendlela yokucatshangelwa amandla okwenziwa yigazi elihambayo emadongeni emibhoshongo yakho.
Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ishaya, igazi ligeleza emithanjeni ayinamathele (njengebhodi lomlilo), kodwa i-pulsatile, nokugeleza kwegazi, nokucindezelwa kwalo, kuguquguquka kusukela emzuzwana kuya komzuzwana.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukulinganisa komfutho wegazi lomuntu kubhalwe njengezinombolo ezimbili ezihlukene - umfutho wegazi we-systolic kanye ne-diastolic yegazi. Lezi zinomboro ezimbili zibonisa izici ezihlukahlukene zengcindezi ezenziwa ngegazi lakho njengoba liqhuma emithanjeni yakho.
Ukufunda kwakho kwengcindezi yegazi kubhaliwe kanje: 120/80; futhi kukhulunywa kanje: "120 ngaphezu kuka-80." I-systolic blood pressure ukufundwa yinombolo ephakeme, futhi ukufundwa kwengcindezi yegazi i-diastolic yinombolo ephansi.
Zombili lezi zimiso zimelela ukucindezela ngaphakathi kwemibhoshongo yakho evezwe ngamagremu we-mercury, noma mmHg.
Kokubili izingcindezi ze-systolic ne-diastolic zibalulekile. Uma ukufundwa kuphezulu kakhulu, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungase ube khona. Uma ukufundwa kwengcindezi yegazi kuphansi kakhulu, kungase kube khona ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele ezingxenyeni ezibucayi, ezifana nobuchopho.
Kuyini Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi?
Umfutho owenziwe ngegazi lakho ogeleza emithanjeni yakho awuhlali njalo, kodwa unamandla futhi uveza njalo lokho inhliziyo eyenzayo ngesikhathi esithile.
Lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngamandla (umcimbi okuthiwa "i-systole"), ilahla igazi lingene emithanjeni. Lokhu kukhishwa kwegazi okunamandla emithanjeni kwenza ukuba ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwemibhoshongo kukhule. Ukuphakama kwengcindezi yegazi okufinyeleleke ngesikhathi sokuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-systolic blood pressure.
I-systolic yegazi "evamile" lapho umuntu ehlezi ngokuthula engama-120 mmHG noma ngaphansi.
Uma umuntu esebenzisa umzimba, ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, noma nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi lapho inhliziyo ishukumiseleka ukuba ishaye ngokuqinile kakhulu kunokuphumula, amandla okuqhwa kwenhliziyo ayanda - futhi ukucindezela kwe-systolic kuya phezulu. Ukwanda kwe-systolic blood pressure eyenzeka ngalezi zimo zokucindezeleka komzimba kuyinto evamile.
Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukukala ukucindezelwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula okuthule ngaphambi kokuthola ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi .
Uma isifo segazi se-systolic singaphansi kwesimiso esijwayelekile, kusho ukuthi ikhona i-systolic hypotension. Uma i-sypotlic hypotension inzima ngokwanele, ingabangela ukukhanya okulula , isizungu , i- syncope , noma (uma ihlala isikhathi eside), ukwehluleka komzimba. I-hypotension ye-Systolic ingenzeka uma umthamo wegazi uba ophansi kakhulu (njengokungcoliswa kwamanzi okukhulu noma isiqephu esikhulu sokugaya), uma imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka kakhulu ukukhipha igazi ngokujwayelekile (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- cardiomyopathy ), noma uma imithwalo yegazi iba kakhulu ihlanjululwe (njengase- syncope ye-vasovagal ). Isimo esivamile esiveza i-hypotension systolic yi- orthostatic hypotension .
Kuyini Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Le-Diastolic?
I-diastolic yomshuwalense wegazi ingcindezi igazi likhona ngaphakathi kwemithambo ephakathi kwezinhliziyo, okungukuthi, lapho inhliziyo ingasebenzi ngokugcwele igazi emithanjeni.
Ngemuva kokuthi inhliziyo isiphelile ukutholwa, ama-ventricles enhliziyo aphumula okwesikhashana ukuze aphinde agcwaliswe ngegazi, ekulungiseleleni ukuhlanganiswa okulandelayo. Lesi sikhathi sokuphumula ngokweqile sabizwa ngokuthi "i-diastole," futhi ukucindezeleka kwegazi ngesikhathi se-diastole kubizwa ngokuthi i-diastolic blood pressure.
I-diastolic yegazi "evamile" ngesikhathi sokuphumula okuthulile kungama-80 mmHG noma ngaphansi. E-hypertension, i-diastolic blood pressure ivame ukwanda ngesikhathi sokuphumula okuthula. I-diastolic hypotension (lapho i-diastolic yegazi ingaphansi) ingabonakala ngokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma ngokuphaphazeka kwamaphasethi, noma uma imishanguzo iqhutshwa ngendlela engavamile.
Ukubaluleka kokulinganisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula komzimba
Ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuyinto enamandla kakhulu. Izinga lomfutho wegazi lakho lixhomeke emisebenzini yenhliziyo yakho kanye nokuqina kwegazi lakho. Njengoba sibonile, ingcindezi yegazi ishintsha ngokusuka emanzini kuze kube mzuzu njengoba inhliziyo ihamba phakathi kwe-systole ne-diastole.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi we-systolic ne-diastolic (ukuphakama kwengcindezi ephakeme kunazo zonke kanye nokuphansi kwegazi okufinyelelekile kunoma yikuphi ukujikelezwa komzimba) kungashintsha kakhulu kusukela ngomzuzu kuya komunye kuye ngokuthi isimo sakho somsebenzi, isimo sakho sokucindezeleka, isimo sakho sokuzimela, nokuningi ezinye izici.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, ukuze uhlolisise ngokunembile isifo sofuba, kubalulekile ukulawula eziningi "ezingaphandle" izici ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinga eliphakanyiswa ochwepheshe lidinga ukuthi ingcindezi yegazi ithathwe endaweni epholile, efudumele ngemuva kokuphumula ngokuthula okungenani imizuzu emihlanu. Ukulinganisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi ngale ndlela kuyinselele ehhovisi ledayisi elivamile, elihlotshisiwe, okwenza ukuba ukuxilongwa okunembile kwengozi yomshuwalense kunzima nakakhulu kunalokho okumele kube khona. Yingakho ochwepheshe abaningi namuhla bancoma ukurekhoda ukucindezelwa kwegazi ngaphezu kwesikhathi eside, nokuqapha kokuqapha, ngaphambi kokwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-hypertension.
Izwi elivela
Izingcindezi zegazi ze-Systolic ne-diastolic zimelela izingcindezi ngaphakathi kwemithwalo yegazi ngesikhathi sezingxenye ezahlukene zomjikelezo wenhliziyo. Ukulinganisa ngokunembile kokubili lezi zimiso kubalulekile ekuhloleni nasekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
> Imithombo:
> Siu AL, US Imisebenzi Yokuvimbela Amasevisi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-High Blood Pressure kubantu abadala: Isitatimende Sokuncoma Sezinsizakusebenza Ze-US Preventive Services. U-Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 778.
> Daskalopoulou SS, Rabi DM, Zarnke KB, et al. Izincomo zohlelo lwezemfundo lwe-Canadian Hypertension Programs for Blood Pressure Measurement, Ukuhlolwa, Ukuhlolwa Kweengozi, Ukuvimbela Nokuphathwa Kwe-Hypertension. Ingabe J Cardiol 2015; 31: 549.