I-Mepolizumab ne-Reslizumab ye-Asthma ye-Eosinophilic
I-asthma yisifo esijwayelekile esingavamile esingathinta amaphesenti angu-12 abantu futhi sivame kakhulu e-United States nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga. I-asthma ibonakala ngeziqephu eziphindaphindiwe zokugaya, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula nokuphefumula kwesifuba, nezimpawu ezivela emnene noma emkhatsini wezinto ezinzima futhi ezisongela ukuphila.
Abantu abane-asthma enamandla bangaba nokunciphisa okukhulu kwekhwalithi yokuphila futhi bangabhekana nokukhushulwa okubangelwa isidingo se- corticosteroids yomlomo , ukuvakashelwa kwegumbi lokuphuthumayo, nokuvakasha.
Kunezinhlobo zemithi ehlukene ye-asthma etholakala ukulawula i-asthma. Ngokuvamile lezi zihlanganisa i- corticosteroids engatholakali , ama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside, nezidakamizwa ze-leukotriene modifier, njenge- Singulair . Abantu abane-asthma ehlushwa kakhulu badinga ukusetshenziswa kwe- Xolair . Naphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemithi, izibalo eziningi ze-asthmatics ziyaqhubeka ziba nezimo ezimbi ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-corticosteroids yomlomo noma yejozi.
I-Xolair yiyona mithi yokuqala yokutholakala kwezinto eziphilayo ezitholakalayo ezenzelwe ukwelashwa okuthe xaxa kuya kwesifo se-asthma esinzima. I-anti-monoclonal antibody eqondiswa i- IgE . Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-antibody yakhiqizwa endaweni yokubhubhisa ngokumelene ne-IgE antibody-"inkinobho yokuqala" yokuphendula okweqile. Uma i-asthmatic inezinkinga zokugula, njenge-pet dander noma u- dust mite , futhi izimpawu azilawulwa yimithi evamile efana ne-corticosteroids etholakalayo, i-Xolair ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-asthma kanye namazinga okukhuphuka.
Nucala for Asthma
Izidakamizwa eziningi ezihlukahlukene ze-biologic asthma zikhiqizwa ukubhekana nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-asthma ezingase zingaphenduli emithonjeni evamile noma i-Xolair. Izidakamizwa ezimbili ze-biologic zamukelwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2015 futhi ngasekuqaleni kuka-2016 zokwelapha i-asthma enamandla ebonakala ngezinga eliphakeme legazi noma i-sputum eosinophils.
I-Nucala (mepolizumab) i-anti-monoglonal anti-monoclonal ehlose i-IL-5, ukubonakaliswa kwamakhemikhali okwenziwa ngumzimba obangela ukukhiqizwa, ukukhula nokusebenza kwe-eosinophils. Ama-eosinophils amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi angabangela ukulimala kwezicubu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nesisindo somzimba emaphashini we-asthmatics.
I-Nucala isebenza ngokuphikisa imiphumela ye-IL-5, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwenani le-sputum ne-eosinophil yegazi. Izifundo zokuqala nge-mepolizumab zahluleka ukubonisa noma yikuphi ukuzuzisa kwalomphumela kubantu abaningi abane-asthma. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-asthma ezinzima namazinga aphezulu e-sputum noma ama-eosinophil egazi abonakala beba ngcono ngokusetshenziswa kwe-mepolizumab.
Ngokuqondile, abantu abanalo hlobo lwe-asthma bakwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wabo we-corticosteroids ngomlomo othathwe ukulawula i-asthma yabo, babe nokuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile ekulawulweni kwe-asthma (izimpawu ezimbalwa ze-asthma,) futhi babe nokucindezeleka okuncane kokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo oluthile lwalubonisa nokuthi kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphesenti omsebenzi wamaphaphu ngenkathi kuthatha iNucala.
I-Nucala iboniswa ukwelashwa kwe-asthma eqinile, eosinophilic kubantu abaneminyaka engu-12 ubudala nangaphezulu abangaphenduli emitholampilo evamile yokuphefumula. Isilinganiso sinye esifanayo kubo bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, isisindo noma izinga le-eosinophil-okuyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-100 ezithunyelwa ngaphansi komzimba njengemjovo emavikini amane.
Imiphumela emibi ye-Nucala ifana neyama-injection ye-placebo, yize kunjalo njalo kunokukhathazeka nge- anaphylaxis njengomphumela ohlangene nemithi ejojelwe yi-biologic. Isilinganiso se-anaphylaxis sasingamaphesenti owodwa amajola eNucala, kodwa amaphesenti amabili kulabo abathola ama-placebo injection. Ngesikhathi uNucala engenayo ibhokisi elimnyama elixwayisa i-anaphylaxis, abantu abathola ama-Nucala amajovo kufanele bahlolwe ngokusabela okweqile isikhathi esithile udokotela onolwazi lokuphatha i-anaphylaxis.
Cinqair for Asthma
I-Cinqair (reslizumab) isebenza ngendlela efanayo neNucala-futhi i-anti-monoglonal antibody ngokumelene ne-IL-5, kodwa i-molecule ehlukile.
I-Cinqair nayo yenza ukunciphisa inani le-sputum ne-blood eosinophils, ithuthukise izimpawu ze-asthma kanye nomsebenzi wamaphaphu, futhi kunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwe-asthmatics nge-sputum ephakeme ne-blood eosinophils. I-Cinqair ibonakala iyasiza kakhulu eqenjini le-asthmatics elinama- polyp nasal kusukela ukukhula kwe-polyp nasal kubonakala sengathi kuqhutshwa i-IL-5.
I-Cinqair iboniswa ekwelapheni isifuba esinzima, i-eosinophilic asthma kubantu abaneminyaka engu-18 ubudala nangaphezulu abangaphenduli emitholampilo evamile yokuphefumula. Umthamo uyisisindo esisisindo futhi uhanjiswe njengokungcoliswa okufakwe emanzini onke amasonto amane. Isilinganiso se-anaphylaxis kubantu abathola i-Cinqair singamaphesenti angu-0.3 ngakho-ke kunobhokisi obumnyama obuxwayisa obufana ne-Xolair.
> Imithombo:
> Patterson MF, Borish L, Kennedy JL. I-Past, Present and Future of Antiocidal Monoclonal kuya ku-IL-5 ne-Eosinophilic Asthma: Ukubuyekeza. I-Journal of Asthma kanye Nokuzivocavoca. 2015; 8: 125-134.
> I- Cinqair Package Faka