I-Tachycardia igama elinikezwa kunoma yisiphi isigqi senhliziyo esenza ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
ISinus Tachycardia
I-Tachycardia ivame ukuvame ukujwayelekile. Empeleni, cishe sonke sinawo cishe nsuku zonke. Ukwandisa izinga lenhliziyo yiyona ndlela eyinhloko inhliziyo ekwazi ukwandisa inani legazi elibhebhetheka ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla noma ukucindezeleka. Lolu hlobo oluthile lwe-tachycardia, olwenziwa yi-node yesinus, lubizwa ngokuthi i-sinus tachycardia.
I-Tachycardias engavamile: I-Cardiac Arrhythmias
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze- arrhythmias zenhliziyo (izilinganiso ezingavamile zenhliziyo) ezibangela i-tachycardia.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile ze-arrhythmias ezikhiqiza i-tachycardia: i-tachycardias ephezulu, evela e-atria yenhliziyo , kanye ne-tricycardias ye-ventricular, ephuma emaqenjini. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-tachycardia zihluke kakhulu kokubili ezinhlotsheni zabantu abavame ukuzenza kanye nenani eliyingozi.
I-Tachycardias engaphezulu
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-tachycardias (SVT) ezingaphezulu kakhulu zivela kubantu abasha, abantu abanempilo enye. (Okuphambene okuyinhloko yi -fibrillation ye-atrial , evame kakhulu kubantu abadala.)
I-SVT ijwayele ukuvela njengeziqephu eziqala futhi ziphela ngokuzumayo, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesixwayiso noma yini. I-SVT ivame ukubangela ukuphazamiseka okuphawulekayo, ukukhathazeka, ukukhanya okuncane noma ukuzondeka, ubuthakathaka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphefumula kokuphefumula.
Abantu abane-SVT ngokuvamile abanalo izimpawu nakancane phakathi kweziqephu. Kodwa uma iziqephu zenzeka njalo noma zihlala isikhathi eside, i-SVT ingafakaza kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
Naphezu kokuthi kabi i-SVT ingakwenza uzizwe kanjani, noma kunjalo, cishe ayifaki ingozi enkulu empilweni nasemlenzeni.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezehlukene ze-SVT.
Okuvamile kulezi:
- I-sinus tachycardia engafanele (i-IST)
- I-AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
- I-tacycardia e-Atrioventricular ehamba kabusha, isigaba esibandakanya i- Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)
- I-fibrillation ye-Atrial
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezijwayelekile, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-SVT ezingavamile kakhulu.
I-SVT ingaba njalo iphathwe ngempumelelo. Noma ubani onesi-SVT kufanele afune ukunakekelwa ngezokwelapha ngesazi somculo we-cardiac rhythm.
I-Ventricular Tachycardias
I-tachycardias ye-ventricular ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile ze-arrhythmia: i-tricycardia ye-ventricular ngokwayo, kanye ne-fibrication ye-ventricular. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zi-arrhythmias zibonwa kubantu asebekhulile abanesifo esibalulekile se-heart disease, ikakhulukazi isifo se-coronary artery (CAD) nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo .
I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular (VF) iyingozi kakhulu ye-arrhythmias ye-cardiac. Uma kwenzeka kwenzeka njalo kuholele ekufeni phakathi nemizuzu embalwa ngaphandle uma ivaliwe.
Ku-VF, imishanguzo kagesi ngaphakathi kwe-ventricles ngokuzumayo igxeka ngokuphelele, inhliziyo ishiya ngokushesha ukushaya, futhi kuboshwa inhliziyo. Ngaphandle kokuba isisulu sithole ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary ephumelelayo, ukufa kuqhubeka phakathi namaminithi. I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular ihlelwa ukuthi ibangele ukufa kuka-300 000 okungazelelwe ngonyaka ngamunye e-US kuphela.
Ngokusobala, indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana ne- fibrication ye-ventricular ukuyivimbela.
I-tachycardia ye-ventricular ingenye isimiso esingaba yingozi esivela ku-ventricles. Ngesikhathi abanye abantu be-tricycardia ye-ventricular beveza izimpawu ezincane kuphela, kaningi kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka okuphawulekayo, ikhanda elikhuni noma ukulahlekelwa yilapho, noma ukufa okungazelelwe. Ngokungafani ne-fibrication ye-ventricular, ezimweni eziningi i- tricycardia ye-ventricular ivumela inhliziyo ukuba iqhubeke iqhuma okungenani. Ngakho ukufa okungazelelwe kungase kungabi ngokushesha, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi akunakwenzeka nhlobo.
Iningi labantu abane-tachycardia ye-ventricular bane-arrhythmia ngenxa ye-CAD noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu ze-tachycardia ye-ventricular ezenzeka kubantu abasha futhi abanempilo. Lezi zinhlobo ze-tachycardia ye-ventricular zifaka:
- I-Long QT syndrome
- Ukuphindaphindiwe kwe-ventricular tachycardia (RMVT)
- I-arrhythmogenic ye-ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
- I-catecholamine-sensitive polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)
Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izinhlobo ze-tachycardia ze-ventricular zingase zibulale, noma ubani one-arrhythmia - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungani imbangela-idinga ukuhlolwa ngumchwepheshe we-arrhythmias yenhliziyo.
> Imithombo:
Blomström-Lundqvist C, Scheinman MM, Aliot EM, et al. Imikhombandlela ye-ACC / AHA / ESC yokuphatha iziguli ezine-arrhythmias ezingaphezulu - isifingqo esiphezulu: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Iziqondiso Zokuzikhandla kanye ne-European Society of Cardiology Committee Yemihlahlandlela Yokuzikhandla (Ikomiti Yokubhala Thuthukisa izinkombandlela zokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-Arrhythmias Supraventricular). Ukujikeleza 2003; 108: 1871.
Zipes, DP, Camm, AJ, Borggrefe, M, et al. I-ACC / AHA / ESC 2006 Imihlahlandlela yokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-Arrhythmias ezinamandla kanye nokuvimbela ukufa kwe-Cardiac Death-Summary Summary Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force kanye ne-European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Ukubhala IKomidi Yokuthuthukisa Imihlahlandlela Yokuphathwa Kweziguli Eziphethe I-Arrhythmias Yomnotho kanye Nokuvimbela Ukufa Kwezinhliziyo ZaseNingizimu Afrika). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 1064.