I-tachycardia eyinhloko, noma i-SVT, ingumndeni we-arrhythmias we-cardiac eyenza isilinganiso senhliziyo esiphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ama-SVTs avela e-atria ( amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo ). Igama elidala le-SVT, ongase uzwe ngezinye izikhathi, i-parodyysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT).
Izimpawu ze-SVT
Ngokuvamile, i-SVT ivela eziqhingini ezilahlekile, ezivame ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi ziyeke ngokungazelelwe.
Ngakho izimpawu ze-SVT zivame ukuvela ngaphandle futhi zinyamalale ngokushesha. Ubude balezi ziqephu bungaba kusuka kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya emahoreni amaningana.
Ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-SVT, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo okungenani ligijimi elingu-100 ngomzuzu kodwa ngokuvamile livame ukushaya okungu-150 ngomzuzu. Kwezinye abantu, isilinganiso senhliziyo singaba ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho, kwezinye izimo ezingaphezu kuka-200 beats ngomzuzu. I-SVT ivame ukuveza amaphupho - umuzwa wokuba nezinhliziyo ezengeziwe, noma inhliziyo yokugijima - okungase ibe yinto esabekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu angakwazi ukuzwa ubukhulu obunzima nokuzondeka , ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala noma i- dyspnea (ukuphefumula). Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-SVT ingaba mnandi kakhulu, futhi uma kwenzeka kaningi ngokwanele, i-SVT ingaba ingozi kakhulu empilweni yakho. Ngenhlanhla, i-SVT ayitholakali nje isongela ukuphila.
Yini eyenza i-SVT?
Ezimweni eziningi, i-SVT ivela kubantu abazalwa benokuxhumana okungavamile kagesi enhliziyweni .
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, lezi zixhumanisi ezingaphezulu zingaphazamisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amaphethini avamile kagesi ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo futhi zakha okwesikhashana amaphethini kagesi amasha akhiqiza i-arrhythmia.
Kwamanye abantu, iziqephu ze-SVT zingabangela ukuzivocavoca, ukucindezeleka, izimpawu zamathumbu (njengokuncibilikisa, ukuhlanza noma ukuqotshwa) noma imithi.
Kodwa kubantu abaningi, i-SVT ibonakala ingenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile.
Izinkinga ezithile zezokwelapha nazo zibonakala zibangelwa i-SVT, ikakhulukazi izifo zamaphaphu kanye ne- hyperthyroidism . I-SVT ebangelwa ukukhathazeka okunjalo kwezokwelapha ngokuvamile ihluke kwi-SVT ejwayelekile, ngoba ijwayele ukuqhubeka njalo. Ukwelashwa okwanele ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelapha ngokweqile inkinga yezokwelapha engaphansi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-SVT?
I-SVT empeleni ungumndeni wama-arrhythmias ahlobene, futhi ngaphakathi kwalo mndeni, kunezinhlobo eziningi. Izimpawu zazo zonke lezi zinhlobo ze-SVT zifanayo. Ngenkathi izinhlu zokwelapha ezifanayo nazo zifanayo, ukwelashwa "okuhle" kungashintsha, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo.
Ngakho uma une-SVT, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho ngohlobo oluthile onalo, ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngakho.
I-SVT iphathwe kanjani?
Iziqephu eziqhamukayo ze-SVT cishe ziyeka njalo ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa noma amahora ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi baye bafunda ukuyeka iziqephu zabo ngokwenza okuthile okwandisa ithoni ye- vagus nerve . Indlela elula yokwandisa ithoni yakho ye-vagal ukwenza umkhondo we- Valsalva . Indlela encane emnandi ukuqala ukucubungula ngokuxubha ubuso bakho emanzini e-ice imizuzwana embalwa.
Uma i-SVT yakho ingayeki emaminithini angu-15 kuya kwangu-30, noma uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, kufanele uhambe ekamelweni eliphuthumayo. Udokotela angaba cishe njalo ayeke isiqephu se-SVT ngemizuzwana ngokunikeza i- adenosine noma i- Calan (i-verapamil) emithanjeni .
Ungase futhi ufune ukucubungula ukwelapha okungapheli okuhloswe ukuvimbela i-SVT ephindaphindiwe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-SVT ayidabuli nje kuphela (kepha "kuphela" okukhiqizayo). Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa okungapheli.
Isibonelo, abantu abaningi abaneziqephu ze-SVT ezikhawulelwe ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nezikhathi abakhethanga nhlobo ukwelashwa okuqondile; bamane babhekane neziqephu zabo njengoba zikhona.
Ezingxenyeni eziningi, i-SVT ingaphulukiswa ngokukodwa ngenqubo yokuphumula . Iningi le-SVTs libangelwa izindlela ezingaphezulu zikagesi, futhi ngokuvamile, lezo zindlela ezingaphezulu zingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ngemephu yombane ngesikhathi sokutadisha kwe-electrophysiology bese ihlungwa. Uma indlela eyengeziwe ingekho, i-SVT akufanele ibuyele emuva.
Izidakamizwa ezithathelwanayo zingasetshenziswa futhi ukuzama ukuvimbela i-SVT, kodwa njengoba lezi zidakamizwa zivame ukuphumelela kancane, kanti eziningi zazo zingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu, odokotela abaningi bayenqikaza ukunikeza ukwelashwa okungahleliwe kwe-antiarrhythmic ukuze ukhethe i-SVT, futhi i-arrhythmia enobungozi engase ivele njalo. Kwamanye abantu, noma kunjalo, umthamo owodwa wezidakamizwa ezithathelwanayo, ezithathwe ekuqaleni kwe-SVT, ungasiza ekuqedeni isiqephu ngokushesha.
Izwi elivela
I-SVT, ngenkathi engavamile ukusongela ukuphila, ingabangela izimpawu ezibalulekile futhi ingaphazamisa impilo evamile. Ngenhlanhla, cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-SVT zingaphathwa ngempumelelo futhi zivinjelwe.
Uma une-SVT, ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukukhuluma ne-electrophysiologist ye-cardiac (isazi sezinzwa zegazi esibucayi ezinkingeni zenhliziyo yenhliziyo), ngubani ongabukeza nawe izinzuzo nezindleko zazo zonke izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakala ngohlobo lwakho oluthile lwe-SVT.
> Imithombo:
> Xhumanisa i-MS. Umkhuba wokwelapha. Ukuhlola Nokuqala Ukwelashwa KwamaTapycardia Ephakeme. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 1438.
> Ikhasi RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACC / AHA / HRS we-Management of Patients Adult With Tachycardia Supraventricular: Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice Guidelines kanye ne-Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 67: e27.