Umsebenzi wenhliziyo ukupompa igazi eligeza wonke umzimba womzimba. Igazi lithwala i-oxygen nezakhi ezibalulekile ezicubu futhi zisuse imikhiqizo yokudoba. Uma isenzo senhliziyo sisaphazamiseka, izitho zomzimba ziqala ukuhluleka ngokushesha. Ngakho impilo ngokwayo ixhomeke ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo kwenhliziyo.
Inhliziyo iyisitho sezinyosi cishe ubukhulu besibindi sakho. Njengoba imisipha yenhliziyo ivumelanisa noma iyancipha, ihambisa igazi ngaphandle ohlelweni lwezinsiza. Amakamelo nezinhliziyo ze-valve zihlelwe ukuqondisa ukugeleza kwegazi njengoba inhliziyo ishaya.
Amakamelo Nezinhliziyo Zase-Valves
Inhliziyo inamakamelo amane. Ama-ventricles amabili (ngakwesokunxele nangakwesobunxele) yizingxenye zamasuli ezihambisa igazi ngaphandle kwenhliziyo. I-ventricle efanele iqhuma igazi emaphashini, futhi i-ventricle kwesokunxele iphompa igazi kuzo zonke ezinye izitho.
Ama-atria amabili (ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele) abamba igazi elibuyela enhliziyweni, futhi ngesikhathi esifanele nje singenalutho kuma-ventricle angakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele.
Ama- valves amane enhliziyo (tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral ne-aortic) agcine igazi lihamba ngendlela elungile ngenhliziyo.
Kuwusizo ukubona ngeso lengqondo inhliziyo esebenza njengamaphampu ahlukene ahlukene, esebenza ochungechungeni; ipompo yenhliziyo efanele, nepompo yenhliziyo yesokunxele.
I-Pump Heart Heart
Ipompo yenhliziyo efanele iqukethe i-atrium elungile, i-valve ye-tricuspid, i-ventricle efanele, i-valve ye-pulmonic, nomthambo we-pulmonary. Umsebenzi walo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igazi "elisetshenzisiwe" lilayishwa kabusha nge-oxygen. I-oksijeni-empofu igazi ebuyela enhliziyweni ezivela emathanjeni omzimba ingena ku-atrium efanele. Lapho inkontileka ye-atria, i-valve ye-tricuspid ivula futhi ivumela igazi ukuba liphonswe kusukela ku-atrium elungile kuya kwi-ventricle efanele.
Khona-ke, lapho izinkontileka ze-ventricle ezifanele, i-valve ye-tricuspid ivala (ukuvimbela igazi ukugezela emuva kuze kufike ku-atrium elungile), futhi i-valve ye-pulmonic ivula - ngakho igazi likhishwa kusuka ku-ventricle elungile futhi liya emthonjeni we-pulmonary namaphaphu, lapho ligcwaliswa nge-oxygen.
I-Pump Heart Heart
Ipompo yenhliziyo yesokunxele iqukethe i-atrium kwesokunxele, i-mitral valve, i-ventricle eshiya, i-aortic valve, ne-aorta. Umsebenti wayo ukupompa igazi eline-ogijeni elinezicubu zomzimba. Igazi elibuyela enhliziyweni emaphashini lingena ku-atrium kwesokunxele. Lapho inkontileka ye-atria, i-mitral valve ivula futhi ivumela igazi ukungena kwi-ventricle kwesokunxele. Lapho i-ventricle yesokunxele isikhombisa isikhashana ngemva kwesikhathi, i-valve mitral ivala futhi i-valve i-aortic ivuleka. Igazi lixoshwa ngaphandle kwe-ventricle engakwesobunxele, ngaphesheya kwe-valve ye-aortic, nasemzimbeni.
- Funda nge-mitral stenosis.
- Funda ngokuphindaphindiwe kwe-mitral.
- Funda mayelana ne-aortic stenosis.
- Funda ngokuphindaphindiwe kwe-aortic.
Umjikelezo weCardiac
Ungase uzwe ngomqondo obizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wenhliziyo. Kulula nje, "umjikelezo wenhliziyo" yindlela odokotela abahlukanisa ngayo umsebenzi wenhliziyo zibe izigaba ezimbili - isigaba se-diastolic nesigaba se-systolic.
Esigabeni se-diastolic, ama-ventricles amabili aphumule futhi agcwaliswa ngegazi kusuka ema-atria amabili. Esigabeni se-systolic, ama-ventricle amabili asebenza.
Leli gama lisetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo, uma silinganisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi, silinganisa ukucindezelwa emithanjeni phakathi kokubili izigaba zomjikelezo wenhliziyo - i-systolic ne-diastolic. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezelwa kwegazi kubikwa njengezinombolo ezimbili, njenge-120/80. Lapha, umfutho wegazi we-systolic (umshini wokucindezela okwamanje okwenziwa yi-ventricles) u-120 mmHg, futhi ukucindezela kwe-diastolic (ingcindezi ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwe-ventricular) ngu-80 mmHg.
Futhi, lapho izazi ze-cardiologists zikhuluma ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, zivame ukucacisa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo kuyithinta kakhulu ingxenye ye-systolic yezinhliziyo zomzimba (njengokungathi ku- cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwe ), noma ingxenye ye-diastolic (njengokungasebenzi kwe- diastolic ). Ukwelashwa okufanele kudinga ukwenza lo hluko.
Funda nge-anatomy ye-coronary arteries evamile.
Imithombo:
Otto CM. I-Bookbook ye-Echocardiography Clinic, umagazini we-4, uSaunders Elsevier, 2009.