Ngezinye izikhathi ama- arrhythmias enhliziyo angabangelwa isizukulwane esizenzekelayo somqondo ongavamile kagesi kusuka kwenye indawo enhliziyweni. Uma lezi zifiso ezingavamile zenzeka ngokushesha, i- tachycardia (i-heart rate speed) ivele. I-Tachycardias ebangelwa isizukulwane esizimele sezimpawu ezingavamile kagesi zibizwa ngokuthi "ama-tachycardias okuzenzakalelayo."
Izimbangela
Igama elithi tachycardia lisho nje ukulinganisa kwenhliziyo yezintambo ezingaphezulu kuka-100 ngomzuzu.
Kunezimbangela ezintathu ezijwayelekile ze-tachycardia:
- I-tachycardia ejwayelekile (noma i-sinus tachycardia) yinto evamile iningi lethu elibhekene nosuku ngalunye. Kwenzeka ngoba i- node ye-sinus ihamba ngesivinini lapho yenza khona amandla kagesi ngokuphendula noma ukucindezeleka. (Nokho, kukhona uhlobo lwesinus tachycardia engavamile, ebizwa ngokuthi sinus tachycardia engalungile, noma i-IST .)
- I-reentrant tachycardia yindlela yokushaya inhliziyo eyenziwe ukuxhuma okungavamile kwendawo ethile enhliziyweni eyenza isifunda esingaba khona. Ama-tachycardias angenawo kabusha aqala futhi ayeke ngokuzumayo futhi kungekho isizathu esicacile, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame kubantu abangezinye izinhlobo zempilo.
- I-tachycardias ezenzakalelayo ayifaki ukujikeleza kagesi okungavamile kodwa kunalokho, ibangelwa isizukulwane esizenzekelayo sesifiso kagesi ukusuka kwenye indawo ngaphandle kwe-node yesusus. Lezi zi-arrhythmias zivame ukubonakala kubantu abangenakulungiswa ngokwemithi.
Izici
E-tachycardias e-othomathikhi, amaseli endaweni ethile ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo aqala ukukhiqiza izifiso zabo kagesi ngokushesha kunomqondo we-sinus, ngaleyo ndlela uthatha isigqi senhliziyo futhi akhiqize i-tachycardia.
I-tachycardias ngokuzenzakalelayo ingaba eyinhloko (okuthiwa "i-atrial tachycardia e-orial othomathikhi," okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana "aqhuma ngokuzenzakalelayo" atholakala ngaphakathi kwe-atria), noma i- ventricular ("i-ventricular tachycardia," lapho imiqondo engavamile kagesi zivela ezingxenyeni ze-ventricles).
Ukwengeza, i-tachycardia engama-othomathikhi ekhona ngokuzenzakalelayo ingenzeka uma izimpendulo ezingavamile ziphakama eduze kwe- AV node , eseduze "nomhlangano" we-atria nama-ventricles).
Ngokungafani kakhulu ne-tachycardias ephindaphindiwe, ama-tachycardias okuzenzakalelayo avame ukubonakala kubantu abagula kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokugula okunzima zingadala izimo ezidingekayo enhliziyweni ukuze zikhiqize izifiso ezingavamile zikagesi.
Ngokuyinhloko, ama-arrhythmias okuzenzakalelayo avame ukuvela kubantu abane-acute lung disease (njenge- pulmonary embolus noma i-pneumonia), i- infarction ye-myocardial acute (ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo) , noma kubantu abanokukhubazeka okungafani kakhulu esimweni sabo se-metabolic - njenge-low oxygen oxygen amazinga, amazinga aphansi e-potassium noma ama-magnesium, noma amazinga aphakeme kakhulu e-adrenalin.
Ngenxa yalokho, ama-tachycardias othomathikhi avame ukubonwa ngeziguli ezingenakulinganiswa esifundeni esibhedlela, ikakhulukazi kubantu abagulayo ngokwanele ukuba babe nezinyunithi zokunakekela kakhulu.
Kukhona okungafani nalokhu iphethini evamile, noma kunjalo. Isimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-atrial tachycardia (ebizwa nangokuthi "i-ectopic atrial tachycardia") singase senzeke kubantu abasha, abantu abanempilo enhle. Ngokungafani ne-rectrant tacycardia ye-atrial, lesi simo sivame ukuphikelela esikhundleni sokwemvelo futhi singabangela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwe-tachycardia.
Lolu hlobo lwe-atrial tachycardia oluqhubekayo oluvame ukuphathwa nge- ablation therapy .
Ukwelapha
Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kwe-tachycardia okuzenzakalelayo ukukhomba nokuguqula inkinga yezokwelapha engaphansi. Uma isimo sephaphu esingaphansi, isimo senhliziyo, noma ukungafani kahle kwemithi kuqiniswa, i-arrhythmia iyahamba. Ngakho-ke cishe kuzo zonke izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-tachycardias okuzenzakalelayo ukusimamisa ngokushesha isifo sezokwelapha esikukhiqizayo.
Ngokuvamile, lapho umuntu oye waba ne-tachycardia e-othomathikhi enempilo ngokwanele ukuba ashiye esibhedlela, i-arrhythmia isixazulule kakade.
Asikho isizathu sokucabangela ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingelapheki, noma olunye ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside okuhloswe ngaso ekuphatheni ama-arrhythmias enhliziyo. Ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuhlela okunye okubalulekile kuyinkinga yokuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezingenzeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphindaphinda inkinga yezokwelapha eyabangela ukuhleleka kokuqala.
Izwi elivela
I-tachycardias ngokuzenzakalelayo ibangelwa isizukulwane esizenzekelayo somqondo kagesi kusuka kwenye indawo enhliziyweni. Zingacatshangwa ngokuthi yi-arrhythmia ye-cardiac ngenxa ye "ukucasuka" kwamangqamuzana enhliziyo, ngokuvamile ngenxa yeso simo esibucayi sezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, lawa ma-arrhythmias ahamba lapho isimo sezokwelapha esingaphansi siphathwa ngempumelelo, futhi akudingeki ukwelashwa kwe-antiarrhythm yesikhathi eside.
> Imithombo:
> Astridge PS, Kaye GC, Perrins EJ. Izindlela Zamanje Nezokuthuthukiswa Kwesikhathi Esizayo Ngokutholakala Ngokuzenzakalelayo kweTachycardia Nokuxilongwa. Br Heart J 1993; 70: 106-1 10.
> Fogoros RN, Mandrola JM. Izilinganiso zezinhliziyo ezingavamile. Ku: Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrophysiologic kaFogoros, 6, uJohn Wiley & Sons, Oxford, 2017.
> Moore JP, Patel PA, uShannon KM, et al. Amaprosesa Wokubuyiswa Kwemoto Emtholampilo I-Tachycardia-Yenza I-Cardiomyopathy Yabafundi. I-Heart Rhythm 2014; 11: 1163.
> Poutiainen AM, Koistinen MJ, Airaksinen KE, et al. Ukuqhathaniswa Nendlela Yokwemvelo Ye-Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia. I-Eur Heart J 1999; 20: 694.