Ama-measles wuhlobo lwe-paramyxovirus oluthelelana kakhulu, okwenza izimpawu ezinjengezibomvu, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, nokukhwehlela, okulandelwa ukuqhuma okuqala ebusweni ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva. Ochwepheshe bezeMpilo banethemba lokuthi olunye usuku luzoqeda isishukela njengoba nje isikhukhumba sezisusiwe, kodwa ngeshwa, isisimungumanje sikhathazeka kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Eqinisweni, igciwane elibangela isishubhu ingenye yezimbangela eziholela ekufeni okuvimbela ukugonywa kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu emhlabeni jikelele nokuqhuma okwenzekayo-ngisho nase-United States.
Izimpawu
Ngenxa yokuthi isishukela singavamile e-United States, abantu, kuhlanganise nodokotela, abaphuthumayo njalo ukubona izimpawu nezimpawu. Izimpawu nezimpawu zesimungumane ziqala cishe ngezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-12 emva kokuvezwa komuntu osuleleke, nakuba lesi sikhathi sokukhushulwa singasuka ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingu-21, futhi kufaka phakathi:
- Fever
- Ukuthukuthela
- Ukuthunga, impumu egijimayo, nokubambisana
- Isikhukhula
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Amehlo alubomvu
- Izindawo ze-Koplik (izindawo ezincane ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ezinezikhungo ezimhlophe, ezitholakala ngaphakathi komlomo / izihlathi)
- Izigulane ezivuvukalayo
- I-Rash, eqala izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kwezimpawu ezingenhla
Abantu basaphila ngamasimoni kanye nezinkinga zalo, nakuba izinombolo ziye zanciphisa kakhulu kusukela kusungulwe umgomo, ikakhulukazi e-United States. Kusukela ngo-2000, kuye kwaba khona ukufa okubili kokusukela emasimini kuleli zwe ngonyaka. Lokho kusho ukuthi sekuye kwaba nokushona kwesishukela noma kuphi lapho sekukhona ukuqubuka kwesimungumungwane, kufaka phakathi emazweni athuthukile njenge-United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, France naseNetherlands.
Ngo-2016, cishe abantu abangu-246 bafa ngosuku ngosuku lwesimungulu emhlabeni wonke.
Izimbangela
Imisipha ibangelwa igciwane lesandulela ngculazi elihlala emqaleni nasemphunjini. Uma usulelekile, abanye abantu bangagula uma ukhwehlela, bhala, noma bekhuluma ngoba ushofaza amaconsi amancane athelelekile angaphila amahora amabili emoyeni noma phezulu.
Igciwane lingena emangqamuzaneni akho emfucumfucu kanye nomphefumulo wokuphefumula, ukusakazeka kuma-lymph nodes, igazi legazi, nezitho ezinjengezinso, isibindi nesikhumba.
Ukungagonywa ngokumelene nesishukela (noma ngokugcwele noma nhlobo) kukubeka engozini enkulu ngokuchayeka.
Ukuxilongwa
Odokotela bangakwazi ukuhlolisisa ukuvuthwa kwezimpungushe nokushaywa kwamabala kaKliklik emlonyeni wakho, kodwa owakho cishe ufuna ukwenza igazi kanye / noma ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi empeleni, imvune.
Ukwelapha
Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi lokuyisimungulu. Ngaphandle kwamavithamini A kubantu abanamazinga aphansi, amasosha okugonywa anikezwa izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuvezwa kubantu abangakaqotjelwa, kanye namagciwane okulwa nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka kwama-bacteria okwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo, azikho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zangasese.
Esikhundleni salokho, ukwelashwa kwesimungumiso kugxile ekudambiseni ukunakekelwa oyisebenzisayo uma umuntu egula ngesifo esibi kakhulu, njengokuphumula kombhede, uketshezi, kanye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane, njenge-acetaminophen ne-ibuprofen, kuze kube yilapho igciwane seliqhubekile.
Ukuvimbela
Ama-measles angavinjelwa kalula ngomuthi wokugoma, cishe cishe wonke umuntu angathola. Umgomo wokugoma isishukela awusebenzi ezinganeni ngoba amasosha omzimba awo akhuliswa ngokwanele. Amantombazane athola umuthi wokugoma we-measle wokuqala, kanye nomgogodla we-mumps no-rubella (MMR), uma uneminyaka engu-12 kuya kweyi-15 ubudala kunye ne-MMR yesibili phakathi kweminyaka engama-4 no-6.
Abesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa kufanele babe nokugonywa okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokukhulelwa uma bengakabi nakho ngaphambili. Awukwazi ukuthola umuthi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, futhi ukuthola isishukela ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kungaba yingozi kakhulu kumntanakho.
Uma uye wahlushwa isisimungumzimba futhi awuzange ugonywe, ungathola ukugoma ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-72 wokuvula. Lokhu kungenzeka noma kungakuvimbeli ukuba uthole isisulu, kodwa noma ngabe wenza, cishe kuyoba nzima kakhulu futhi kungapheli isikhathi eside.
Izwi elivela
Ama-measles, awaziwa nangokuthi i-rubeola, asusiwe kusukela e-United States kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000, okusho ukuthi kuye kwaba khona isikhathi sokungenwa kwezifo ezingu-12 noma ngaphezulu kuleli zwe.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba amasosha omswakama ajwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, futhi kusekhona ukuqhuma kwesimungumungqimba ejwayelekile e-United States, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngesimungumungwane, ikakhulukazi uma wena noma ingane yakho ingenayo igciwane lesigungqimba, uye wahamba ngaphandle kwe-United States, noma evezwe umuntu onesifo.
Ukuthola umgomo wakho we-MMR uphephile futhi usebenza kahle ekuvimbeleni isishukela, isifo esingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngisho nokufa.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nama-Measles ase-US Abuyekezwe ngoFebhuwari 5, 2018.
> I-Gans H. Measles: Ukubonakaliswa Kwemitholampilo, Ukuxilongwa, Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe i-Disemba 5, 2017.
> Abasebenzi beMayo Clinic. Izisulu. I-Mayo Clinic. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-9 Mashi, 2018.
> I-World Health Organization (WHO). Izisulu. Ibuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 2018.