Ukucindezela i-ultrasound yisilingo esingenasidingo esisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukucindezeleka okujulile kwe-venic (DVT) , isimo lapho i-clot yegazi iyenziwe khona emithanjeni ejulile yomlenze. Ukucindezela i-ultrasound kunezinzuzo ezithile ngaphezu kwezinye izivivinyo zokuhlola ze-DVT - kungenziwa kalula ezikhungweni eziningi, kunika imiphumela enembile, futhi kunengozi encane ehambisana nayo.
Ukubaluleka kwe-DVT
I-thrombosis yomlenze wesilonda ibangela ukuvinjelwa kwe-vein, ukuvimbela igazi ukuba libuyele kalula enhliziyweni. Ngenxa yalokho, i-DVT ivame ukukhiqiza ukugaxa kwegazi emlenzeni, ukuveza ubuhlungu, ukubomvu nokuvuvukala. Lezi zimpawu zingaba zingapheli uma i-DVT ingelashwa ngokwanele.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, i-clot yegazi emgodini wegundane ingahle ihambise futhi ihambise emaphashini, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukungena kwamapulmoni. I- pulmonary embolus - okulinganiselwa ukuthi iphakathi kuka-10% no-50% wabantu abanesifo se-DVT - yisimo esibi kakhulu esingakhipha i- dyspnea eqinile (ukuphefumula), ukungazinzi kwenhliziyo nokufa.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma i-DVT icatshangwa kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwelashwa kwasekuseni ngezidakamizwa ze-anticoagulant kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni i-pulmonary embolus, noma (uma sekuvele kwenzeke) ekuvimbeleni elinye i-pulmonary embolus.
Ukucindezela kwe-Ultrasound
Esikhathini esedlule, ukuxilongwa ngokuqinile kwe-DVT kudinga ukwenza i-venogram. Nge-venogram, idayi ijojowe emgodini wesilonda, futhi izithombe ze-x-ray zenziwe ngombala ogeleza emithanjeni emuva enhliziyweni. Izivimbela ezinkulu emvinini wegundane zingabonwa. Lokhu kuvivinywa okungavamile kungaba buhlungu, isikhathi esiningi, futhi kubandakanya izingozi ezithile, njengengozi yokutheleleka.
Kwezinye izikhungo, ukuhlolwa okungaphephile okubizwa ngokuthi i-impedance plethysmography isetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-DVT. Ngesikhathi lesi sivivinyo sinokwethenjelwa, izibhedlela eziningi azinawo imishini noma ubuchwepheshe obutholakala kalula ukuze kwenziwe lolu hlelo ngokuphumelelayo.
Eminyakeni yamuva, indlela yokucindezela i-ultrasound isiqinisekiswe njengendlela esheshayo, ephephile, engenabuhlungu, enokwethenjelwa neyiyona engavumeleki yokuhlola i-DVT. Ezikhungweni eziningi kuye kwasusa izidakamizwa kanye ne-impedance plethysmography njengesivivinyo sokuhlolisisa se-DVT.
Ukucindezela i-ultrasound kuyinhlobonhlobo yesindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yezokwelapha ze-ultrasound (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-echo" test). lapho amagagasi omsindo asetshenziselwa izicubu nge-probe efakwe esikhumbeni, futhi isithombe sesishukela ngaphansi kweprobethi sakhiwa ngamagagasi omsindo abuyelayo. Ngenxa yokuthi imishini yokucindezela i-ultrasound itholakala kalula kuzo zonke izibhedlela zanamuhla, futhi ngoba indlela yokuyenza kulula ukuyifunda, ukucindezela i-ultrasound kuye kwaba yindlela yokuhamba ezikhungweni eziningi zokuthola i-DVT.
Ukuze wenze i-ultrasound yokucindezela, i-probe ye-ultrasound ifakwe phezu komswakama osolwa ukukhiqiza isithombe se-ultrasound se-vein. U-opharetha uzama ukucindezela umvuthwandaba ngokuwushicilela nge-probe ye-ultrasound.
Izindwangu zivamise kakhulu; okungukuthi, i-veins ingagwa okwesikhashana ngokusebenzisa ukucindezela kubo. Futhi kulula ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukucindezelwa kwe-vein ne-ultrasound.
Kodwa uma i-DVT ikhona, ukutholakala kwe-clot yegazi kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukucindezela umvuthwandaba. Uma i-vein ingenakuqondiswa, lokho kuyisibonakaliso esinokwethenjelwa ukuthi i-DVT ikhona. Inqubo ye-ultrasound ingasetshenziselwa ukuzama ukubona ngeso lengqondo ikhabethe ngokwayo, nokuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emthonjeni ukuze ubone ukuthi ukuvimbela kuyabonakala yini. Kodwa-ke, ukungaqiniseki kwe-vein yisici esiwusizo kakhulu sesifundo ekutholeni i-DVT.
Esicwaningweni esivamile sokubheka i-DVT, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-vein kuvivinywa ezindaweni ezimbili - i-vein femin (endaweni yokulima) kanye ne-vein popliteal (ngemuva kwamadolo). Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi, ngokusebenzisa le nqubo yokucindezela kwe-2-point, i-DVT ingahlolwa ngokunembile ngaphezu kwengu-90% yesikhathi.
Ngoba kungenziwa kalula nganoma yisiphi isilungiselelo esibhedlela, ngoba sinikeza imiphumela enembile, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ayinayo imiphumela emibi, ukucindezela i-ultrasound sekuye kwaba ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okukhethwa kuzo ezikhungweni eziningi zokuthola i-DVT.
> Imithombo:
> Crisp JG, Lovato LM, i-TB ye-Jang. Ukucindezela i-Ultrasonography ye-Lower Extremity nge-Portable Vascular Ultrasonography Ingakwazi Ukuthola Ngokuqondile Isifo Se-Thrombosis Esijulile Emnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo. U-Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Dec. 56 (6): 601-10.
> de Oliveira A, Franca GJ, Vidal EA, et al. LA. I-Duplex Scan in Iziguli ezinezinsolo zokwelapha ze-Thrombosis ejulile. I-Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2008 Okthoba 20. 6:53
> Seidel AC, Cavalheri G Jr, Miranda F Jr. Indima yeDuplex Ultrasonography ekuhloleni kwe-Lower-extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis kwiziguli ezingezona izibhedlela. I-Int Angiol. 2008 Okthoba 27 (5): 377-84.