Ukungenamazwi? ADHD? Noma Bobabili?
Akulula ukuxilonga ukunakekelwa kwengqondo (ADD) noma ukunakekelwa kokungabi nalutho kwengqondo (ADHD) ezinganeni eziyizithulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akulula ukutshela lapho ingane eyisithulu ingenayo i-ADD noma i-ADHD. Noma kunini lapho kungenzeka khona, izingane ezingenasithulu ezisolakala ukuthi zine-ADD kufanele zihlolwe ngabantu abanolwazi kokubili oyisithulu kanye ne-ADD.
Ukuphikisa ukungabi Namahloni nge ADD / ADHD
Kungaba lula ukwenza iphutha lokucabanga ukuthi umntwana oyisithulu ungeze ngenxa yokuziphatha kwengane eyisithulu.
Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukuziphatha kwengane eyisithulu kubonakala sengathi kubonisa ADD noma ADHD. Isibonelo, ingane engasizithulu ingase ibonakale ingazikhohlisi, ingabi nentshiseko, noma isebenze ngokweqile.
Ukukhula kwe-ADD / ADHD kwabantwana abayizithulu
Lokho okwenzekile kwangenza ngazibuza ukuthi ngabe abantwana abayizithulu babengase babe ne-ADD noma i-ADHD. I-athikili eyanyatheliswa ku-Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, "Izinhlaka ze-Theory and Epidemiological of Attention Attention futhi Ukungasebenzi Kwazingane Ezizizwayo, kubuza umbuzo ofanayo, futhi zathola okuthokozisayo okulandelayo:
Lesi sihloko sithi ukuhlola i-ADHD kanye nokweqiwa kwabantwana abayizithulu "kuyinkinga" ngokwengxenye ngoba ochwepheshe bezindlebe bangathola ubunzima bokuthola izimpawu eziqondile ezivela ezinganeni ezingenasithulu ezisebenzisa ulimi lwezandla. Abalobi bafuna ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ingabe ukusabalalisa kwe-ADHD nokusebenza ngokweqile kubantwana abangezithulu njengabantwana abazwayo? Izimpawu ezisemqoka ze-ADHD kanye nokwedluleleka kwezinto zingabonakali futhi kungabi nesisindo. Ukuze baphendule imibuzo yabo, abalobi babheka izifundo ezimbalwa kanye nomsebenzi owenziwa abanye abacwaningi.Omunye umcwaningi wathola ukuthi ukungalaleli nokungacabangi kwakubangelwa ukuzwela okuncane emiphumeleni yokuziphatha kanye nokungabi nokusetshenziswa komthetho yizingane ezizithulu zokulawula ukuziphatha kwazo. Kwachazwa ukuthi kubangelwa ukuthi abantwana abayizithulu bakhula ngezinselele zokukhuluma kanye nokukhulumisana kunokuba bangenxa yenkinga yezinto eziphilayo.
Ingabe izingane eziyizithulu zivame ukwedlula ukuzwa izingane? Mhlawumbe hhayi. Abacwaningi bathola ukungacabangi kwaba empeleni ukulibaziseka kwentuthuko kusukela ekutholeni ulimi lokuqala. Omunye umcwaningi wathola ukuthi abantwana abayizithulu abanezingane abayizithulu babephethe ukulawula umfutho kangcono kunabantwana abayizithulu nabazali abazwayo.
Ikhono lokubhalisa kwabazali lingadlala indima kwimiphumela engenhla. Uma abazali banamakhono okubhalisa okulinganiselwe kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukuchaza imiphumela yezenzo (okubangelwa ukuzwela okuncane), nokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho yokulawula ukuziphatha. Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi ukukhathazeka / noma ukucindezeleka kungase kube iphutha ngokungahambi kahle komntwana oyisithulu odangele ukuxhumana, ukufunda, njll.
Omunye umbuzo ophakanyiswe abalobi ukuthi ngabe ezinye izimbangela zesithulu ezifana nerubella, i-meningitis, ne-cytomegalovirus zilimaza ubuchopho, okuholela ekungcoleni okukhulu. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-1993 lubheke ukusabalalisa kwe-ADD kwabantwana abayizithulu ezingu-238 esikoleni sokuhlala. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane zokuzwa kwakungekho umehluko, noma empeleni bephansi. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezitholakale (isb. I-meningitis) izithulu zazibi kakhulu ukuhlola izikolo. Abalobi be-athikili baxwayisa ngokuhumusha leso sifundo.
Ucwaningo oluhlukile luka-1994 lwezingane eziyizithulu ezingama-414 eFinland uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane ezizwayo. Lelo cwaningo lathola ukuthi konke, ukucindezeleka kwakungekho mkhulu ezinganeni eziyizithulu, kodwa kwakukhulu uma izingane ezizithulu zineziphene ezengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lekhono lokuxhumana lenza umehluko. Kwakungekho umehluko phakathi kwezingane ezizithulu-kuphela nezingane ezizwayo.
Ekugcineni, ucwaningo lwaseBrithani luhlolisise ukuthi ukusabalalisa kokugula kwengqondo ezikhungweni zezingane eziyizithulu kufana nezingane zokuzwa. Ngokuvamile akukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo nezingane ezizwayo. Ukutadisha kwaseBrithani kwaphakamisa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kokungaboni kahle kwakungavamile kubantwana abayizithulu, kepha ikhono lokuxhumana lalingabonakali lenza umehluko njengokungathi umehluko ekusakazeni kokungabi nokuzicabangela njengokuphakanyisiwe kwezinye izifundo.
Ukusekela Imindeni Yezingane Ezizizwa Ezizizwayo nge-ADD / ADHD
Kukhona amaqembu okusekela abazali bezingane ezizithulu ezifana nohlu lwe-Listen-Up, olunabazali abaningana abanezingane zabo eziyizithulu nabanzima zokuzwa nazo ezine-ADD / ADHD. Kodwa-ke, akubonakali ukuthi kukhona amaqembu kuphela kubazali bezithulu nabanzima bokuzwa abantwana abane-ADD / ADHD.
Izinsiza ezengeziwe
- "Inselele Yokukhathazeka Kwezinkinga Ezinganeni Eziyizithulu Noma Ezilukhuni Zokuzwa," kuma- American Annals of the Deaf , Vol. 138 cha. 4, amakhasi 343-348, 1993. I-database ye-Eric inesifinyezo kwinombolo yokurekhoda EJ472756.
- "Ukuhlola nokuphatha ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka kwezingane ezingenalwazi noma okulukhuni kokuzwa," kuma- American Annals of the Deaf , Vol. 138 cha. 4, amakhasi 349-57, 1993. I-database ye-Eric inesifingqo kwinombolo ye-EJ472757.
- AD (H) D nokuzwa kokulahlekelwa: Ukulahleka noma ukuboshwa? - Umbhalo ongenqatshelwe ukuthi ubuka kafushane ukusabalalisa kwe-AD (H) D ezinganeni eziyizithulu, nombuzo wokuthi ngabe ukungaqondakali kahle kwenzeka.
Imithombo:
> Ukukhulisa ama-Deaf Kids (afinyelelwe ngoFebruwari 2008).
> Hindley, Peter no Leo Kroll. Izinkolelo ze-Theory and Epidemiological zokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa nokukhathazeka kwabantwana abayizithulu. Journal of Stupid Studies and Education Deaf , Winter 1998; 3: 64 - 72.