Ukubhekana Nokuntuleka Kwesifiso Ngomdlavuza
Ukulahlekelwa yifiso, okukhulunywa ngabo odokotela njenge-anorexia, kuyisifo esivamile lapho ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu (i-anorexia ihluke ekudleni kokudla i-anorexia nervosa, ukugula kwengqondo lapho iziguli zilambile ngokwabo). Yini eyenza i-anorexia, iphathwa kanjani, futhi yini ongayenza ukuze ubhekane nayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukudla okunomsoco okudingayo?
Sibutsetelo
Izinto eziningi zinganciphisa ukudla kwakho ngesikhathi sokwelapha umdlavuza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza, imiphumela emibi yokwelapha, nokuphendula komzimba wakho emdlalweni.
Iningi labantu abanomdlavuza ophakeme banezinga elithile le-anorexia. Ukunciphisa ukudla okunomsoco ngenxa yokuguquka kwesifiso kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo, ukungondleki, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba, nokuchitha ( cachexia ). Ukwazi umphumela wokudla okunomsoco ekuphenduleni ukwelashwa, i-oncologists iqhubeka ngokubhekisa indima yokudla emdlalweni weziguli zomdlavuza. Ukusekelwa kokudla okunempilo kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuholele ku:
- Izifo ezimbalwa emva kokuhlinzwa
- Ukulawula kangcono izimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza
- Isibhedlela esincane sihlala
- Ikhono elikhulu labahlengikazi abasinda ukubekezelela ukwelashwa
- Impendulo engcono kakhulu yokwelapha
- Ikhwalithi engcono yokuphila kulabo abaphila nomdlavuza
Ukwelapha
Izinketho eziningi zokwelapha ziyatholakala ukusiza ngesidlo, futhi futhi zisiza ukugcina isisindo sakho ngesikhathi ukwelashwa umdlavuza.
Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
1. Ukuhlola okunomsoco / ukwelulekwa - Izikhungo eziningi zomdlavuza zinikeza ukwelulekwa okunomsoco nokusekela kulabo abaphila nomdlavuza.
2. Ukwelashwa kwezimbangela ezisemqoka - Ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza noma ukwelashwa kungabangela ukungondleki. Kubalulekile ukwabelana nganoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu nge-oncologist yakho ukuze iqondiswe:
- Izilonda zomlomo
- Izinguquko zokunambitha
- Ukukhathala
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukudabuka noma ukuhlanza
- Kunzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ubuhlungu
- Imithi - Imithi ethile (njengemithi yobuhlungu) ingaphazamisa ukudla futhi ingadinga ukuguqulwa, noma ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso
3. Izithako - Ezinye ze-oncologists zizoncoma izithako zokudla okunomsoco ukuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho kwekhalori
4. Imithi - Udokotela wakho angase ancoma imithi yokuvuselela ukudla kwakho, noma ukusiza ngokudlulisa ngegciwane lakho lokugaya. Eminye yale mithi eyenyusa ukondla ngesikhathi sokwelapha umdlavuza ihlanganisa:
- I-Steroids njenge-Decadron (dexamethasone)
- I-Megace (megestrol)
- I-Reglan (i-metoclopramide)
- I-Cannabinoids (i-marijuana yezokwelapha)
Ukudla okunomsoco - Ukudla okunomsoco kuhlanganisa ukungenisa ukudla (tube feed), noma ukudla okunomsoco (izakhi ezinikezwe emzimbeni nge-catheter emgqeni wesandla noma esifubeni) - Udokotela wakho angakhuluma ngalezi zindlela nawe uma ungeke ukwazi udle ngenxa yokugwinya ubunzima noma ezinye izinkinga.
6. Imithi yokweseka - Izinqubo zokwelapha ezizwakalayo (okufana nokuxhaswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuzindla) zibhekwa indima yazo ekusizeni ukufisa ukudla emdlalweni womdlavuza.
Ukubhekana
Ukwelapha umdlavuza kunganciphisi nje ukunciphisa ukudla, kodwa ungase ufike ngokugcwele ngokushesha uma udla. Amathiphu ambalwa angakusiza ukwandise amakholori akho uma uzizwa ulambile kakhulu:
- Yidla kancane izingxenye ezincane kunokudla okungenani 3 ngosuku ngalunye
- Yenza imvelo yakho ijabulise. Yidla nomndeni nabangane. Dlala umculo. Sebenzisa ukukhanya okuzizwa ukhululekile
- Ukuzivocavoca okulula kungase kuvuselele ukudla. Buza i-oncologist yakho ngezincomo zakhe
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco okuphezulu kwamakholori kanye namaprotheni - Ukukhetha okuhle kuhlanganisa amantongomane, ushizi kanye nama-crackers, i-ayisikhilimu, ibhotela le-peanut, nama-puddings
- Yiba nokudla esandleni osijabulelayo futhi kulula ukuyilungisa
- Thola ukudla okukhululekile ukudla uma unezilonda zomlomo noma izinguquko zokunambitha
- Phuza uketshezi phakathi kokudla ukuze ugweme ukugcwala kakhulu
- Ukukhathala kuyisici esikhulu sabasindile abaningi emdlavuza uma kuziwa ekuphekeni - Yamukela ukuzimisela komuntu othandekayo ukuletha ukudla, ukufakela ukudla okusele kwesinye isidlo, bese ubuza abangani bakho ukuthi bangakukhumbula yini ukulungiselela ukudla ngaphambi kwesikhathi dinner
- Yidla noma nini lapho uzwa ulambile
- Zama ukudla okuhlukene - Ngezinye izikhathi ushintsho esimisweni lingenza ukudla kube "okuthakazelisayo" nokulingayo
Nini Ukubiza Udokotela
Qinisekisa ukuthi ugcina udokotela wakho olusha ngesifiso sakho, kanye nanoma yini ephazamisa ikhono lakho lokudla. Shayela phakathi kokuvakashelwa uma:
- Awukwazi ukudla amahora angu-24 (ngokushesha uma ungakwazi ukugwinya amanzi)
- Yiba nobunzima ukugwinya, noma uma ukudla kungenabuhlungu nakakhulu
- Thuthukisa ubuhlungu besisu
- Lahla amapounds angu-5 noma ngaphezulu
- Uma ubhala noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi njengokulahlekelwa kwethoni lesikhumba, umchamo ovuthayo oqinile, noma ungagcini njengoba uvame ukuvame
Izwi kusuka
Ukulahlekelwa yifiso kungenye yezinto ezikhathazayo kakhulu kulabo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kunezinto eziningana okufanele wazi uma lokhu kuzwakala ngathi. Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso akuyona inkinga. Kungaphazamisa ukwelashwa, kodwa futhi kuphakamisa ingozi yokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yomdlavuza. Kodwa awusiye wedwa futhi kukhona izinto ezingaba enye. Buza i-oncologist yakho ukuthi uthunyelwe kumuntu onomsoco osebenza ngokukhethekile ekuphatheni abantu abanomdlavuza. Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kokudla okunomsoco jikelele, laba bantu bajwayelene nama-nuances omdlavuza futhi bangase babe namathiphu amnandi kakhulu okwandisa ukudla kwakho, ukuphakamisa ukudla kwakho kwe-caloric, noma kokubili.
Njengokugcina, abathandekayo balabo abanomdlavuza bavame ukulwa nokuzizwa kabi kokungabi namandla. Ukubeka ukugxila ekutholeni ukudla okunomsoco, okunomsoco, yindlela eyodwa ongayibonisa ngayo uthando lwakho, futhi usize othandekayo wakho ukuthi abhekane nalokhu ngaphezu kokususa umphumela wesifo somdlavuza.
Imithombo:
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UDy, S. et al. Izincomo ezisekelwe ebufakazini bokukhathala komdlavuza, i-Anorexia, Ukucindezeleka, ne-Dyspnea. I-Journal ye-Clinical Oncology . 2008. 26 (23): 3886-95.
UMarin Caro, M. et al. Umthelela Wokudla Emkhakheni Wokuphila Phakathi Nengculaza. Umbono wamanje emndenini wokunakekelwa kwemitholampilo nokunakekelwa kwemithi . 2007. 10 (4): 480-7.
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukudla okunomsoco ku-Cancer Care (PDQ) - Isiguli se-Patient Version. Kubuyekezwe 01/08/16.
UVan Cusem, E. noJ. Arends. Izimbangela Nezimphumela Zokungondleki Kwemdlavuza. I-European Journal ye-Oncology Nursing . 2005. 9 Isamba 2: S51-63.