Ukuqina kwe-muscle, noma i-hypertonia, kwenzeka lapho kunomthamo omkhulu wemisipha futhi izingalo noma imilenze iba nzima futhi kunzima ukuhambisa. I-tone ye-muscle inqunywa yizimpawu ezihamba kusukela ebuchosheni kuya emithanjeni ezivumela izicubu ukuba zikwazi uma zidingwa ukuvumelanisa.
Lapho izifunda ebuchosheni noma umgogodla obhekene nokulawula lezi zibonakaliso zonakaliswe, ukuqina komfutho kwenzeka.
I-hypertonia ingenzeka ngezizathu eziningi, kuhlanganise nokushaywa yisisu, isifo sobuchopho, ukulimala kwengqondo, isifo se-Parkinson, i-multiple sclerosis, ukungavamile kwe-neurodevelopmental (njenge- cerebral palsy ) noma ubuthi obuchaphazela ubuchopho.
Ukuthi Ukuqina Kwama-Muscle kuthinta kanjani iziguli zesifo sohlangothi
Ukuqina kwe-muscle ngokuvamile kuvimbela ukunyakaza kwamalungu, okwenza kube nzima ukuba izitho zihambe ngendlela evamile.
Kungathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba. Uma kuthinta imilenze, inzuzo yomuntu iba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ibangele izinkinga zokugcina umqondo wokulinganisela, okubangelwa ukuwa.
Amacala ahlukumezayo angabangela amalungu ukuba abekwe endaweni, noma "efriziwe," eyaziwa ngokuthi isivumelwano sokuhlanganyela.
I-hypertonia ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-spasticity, noma kunjalo, ukusabalalisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-hypertonia lapho kuqhuma khona imisipha ye-muscle ngokunyakaza. Iziguli ezinezinhlanhla zivame ukuba nezimpendulo zengqondo ezigqamile.
Ngobunzima, olunye uhlobo lwe-hypertonia, imisipha inezinga elifanayo lokuqina, elizimele ngezinga lokunyakaza.
Ubungqabavu ngokuvamile buvela ezifweni ezibandakanya isifunda se-basal ganglia sobuchopho, njenge-Parkinson isifo.
Ukuzivocavoca
Ngenkathi ukuqina kwemisipha kwenza ukunyakaza kunzima kakhulu, ukuzivocavoca kungasiza abantu abane-hypertonia ukuba balondoloze ukunyakaza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi bathuthukise izinga lempilo.
Ukwelashwa okubuyiselwayo kanye nokwelapha ngokomzimba okugxile ekusebenzeni okuhamba phambili nokuzivocavoca okusebenzayo kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni i-hypertonia.
Ukwelapha emsebenzini kungasiza iziguli ukuba zithole futhi zigcine imisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
Imithi
Imithi yomlomo, imijovo egxile, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kunqunywe ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-hypertonia nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokungenzi lutho.
Imisipha yokuphumula izidakamizwa ezifana ne-diazepam, i-dantrolene, ne-baclofen ingahle ibekwe njengemithi yomlomo, nakuba i-baclofen ingase isetshenziswe njengomjovo emzimbeni we-cerebrospinal ngokusebenzisa ipompo.
I-botulinum toxin, noma i-Botox, isetshenziselwa ukukhulula i-hypertonia ezindaweni ezithile ngoba imiphumela yaso yendawo futhi ayithinti umzimba wonke.
Ukukhuthazwa Kwegesi Ngokwemigomo
Sekuyiminyaka eminingana, ukuvuselelwa kwamagesi we-neuromuscular (NMES) kuye kwasetshenziselwa ukwelapha iziguli ezinesihlungu ezinokuqina kwemisipha. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwedivaysi esebenzisa ama-electrode ukuze adlulisele umfutho kagesi esikhumbeni phezu kwamaqembu akhethiwe e-muscle. I-NMES, idivayisi yokwelapha eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya, ibangela imisipha ukuba ivumelane njengendlela yokuzivocavoca noma yokwelapha ngokomzimba.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta ka-2015 kwezifundo ezingu-29 zathola ukwelashwa kwe-NMES kuncishiswe ukusabalalisa nokwanda kwezinyathelo uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula. Ababhali bokutadisha baphetha ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kufakwe kanye nezinye izindlela zokusiza iziguli ezinokuqina kwemisipha.
Imithombo:
I-NINDS ye-Hypertonia Ulwazi lekhasi. I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke iwebhusayithi.
Stein C, Fritsch CG, uRobinson C, uSbruzzi G, Plentz RD. Imiphumela Yezokugqugquzela Ngogesi Emisipha Ye-spastic Emva kokushaya kwesisu: Ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-Meta-Ukuhlaziywa kwezilinganiso ezilawulwe ngokungahleliwe. Isibungu . 2015 Aug; 46 (8): 2197-205. i-doi: 10.1161 / STROKEAHA.115.009633. I-Epub 2015 Jul 14. Ukubuyekezwa.