Uhlelo lwesimiso luhlelwe ngendlela ehlelekile. Ukwaziswa okuza nokuvela ebuchosheni "buqhutshwa," ukuze ohlangothini lwesobunxele bobuchopho alawule futhi athole ulwazi oluvela ngakwesokudla komzimba. Ngokufanayo, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lomzimba lulawulwa ohlangothini lwesokudla lobuchopho.
Amagundane emgodleni womgogodla alandela izindlela ezibekiwe njengoba zigijimela ebuchosheni.
Izinhlobo ezifanayo zezinzwa zigijima ndawonye ngendlela ehleliwe.
Isibonelo, izinzwa ezibona ukujula, ukuthinta okulula, nokuzimela (lapho umzimba usemkhathini) bonke bangena umgogodla bese bekhuphuka kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi amakholomu e-dorsal aye ebuchosheni ohlangothini olufanayo njengelungu elingenalutho. Ngomlenze wesobunxele, isibonelo, izintambo zigijima ngakwesokunxele socingo lomgogodla. Nokho, eduze kwe-brainstem, izintambo ziwela ngaphesheya.
Lokhu kufana nendlela isimiso sezinzwa esihlela ngayo izintambo ezitshela ingxenye yomzimba ukuba ihambe. Ebuchosheni, izintambo zihlangothini oluphambene lomzimba njengelungu elingenalutho, kepha lishintshela phansi phansi kwe-brainstem. Isibonelo, ohlangothini lwesobunxele bobuchopho uthumela izibonakaliso ezihamba ngezansi ngakwesokudla komgogodla ngaphambi kokuba uphume esandleni sangakwesokudla. Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lobuchopho, ke, lulawula uhlangothi lwesokudla lomzimba.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izintambo zomnsana ezibona ukuzwa okunjengebuhlungu nokushisa akudluli phansi kwe-brainstem kodwa kunalokho ziwela cishe masinyane lapho zifaka intambo yomgogodla emlenzeni noma emlenzeni. Amafayibha ngakwesobunxele bomthambo womgogodla aqukethe ubuhlungu nokushisa kwama-fibre nerve kusukela engxeni nomlenze wesokudla.
Amafayili angakhuphuka amazinga ambalwa ngaphambi kokuwela, noma kunjalo.
Ukulimala okuyingxenye
Ngakho kwenzekani uma isigamu somgogodla singonakalisiwe? Amafayili ephazamisekile afaka ukudlidliza, ukuthinta okulula, nokutholakala komuntu kusuka ohlangothini olufanayo lomzimba njengesilonda. Ukulawulwa komzimba kubonakalisiwe nakolunye uhlangothi. Kodwa-ke, ubuhlungu nokushisa kwezinga lokushisa kuzolahleka kusuka ohlangothini oluhlukile lomzimba, ngokuvamile okuyingxenye eyodwa noma ezimbili ezansi kokulimala.
Lesi senzakalo saqale sichazwa nguCharles Édouard Brown-Séquard ngo-1850, owachaza okwakwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Brown-Séquard syndrome lapho ehlola abalimi belimale ngenkathi beka ushukela eRiphabhuliki yaseMauritius. Isizathu esivame kakhulu salesi sifo sihlala silimala kabuhlungu nje kwengxenye yangemuva. Ngenxa yokuthi isilonda sidinga ukususa ngokuqondile isigamu somgogodla, sisalokhu singavamile kodwa siyasiza ekuboniseni ukusebenza komgogodla.
Uma othile ehlushwa yi-Brown-Séquard syndrome, ukucabanga ngeso lengqondo ngokumangalisayo kungasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa isizathu nendawo yokulimala. Ngaphandle kokuhlukumezeka, izilonda ezifana nezifo, ukuvuvukala, noma izicubu zingaholela ku-Brown-Séquard. Ukwelashwa kuzoxhomeke esimweni sesilonda.
Imithombo:
I-Hal Blumenfeld, i-Neuroanatomy ngokusebenzisa Izimo Zemitholampilo. I-Sunderland: Abakwa-Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002.
I-Ropper AH, ama-Samuels MA. Adams kanye Nemigomo kaVictor ye-Neurology, 9th ed: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009.