Yiziphi Izinguquko Esikhathini Senu Esikhathini Esiqondile Esishoyo
Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ukukhula okungavamile nokungalawuleki kwamaseli aqala emlonyeni wesibeletho futhi angasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Isifo esivame ukuhamba kancane esithatha iminyaka ukuthuthukisa.
Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana anomdlavuza kanye nezicubu, umlomo wesibeletho uzothola izinguquko ezingavamile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ezingasetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso sokuqala sokulimala.
Ukukhomba i-Dysplasia yesibeletho
I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ichazwa nje ngokuthi izinguquko ezingavamile emgqeni wesibeletho. Nakuba i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ingase iholele emdlalweni wesibeletho somlomo wesibeletho , akufanele neze ithathwe njengesifo sokuhlaselwa umdlavuza .
I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ingatholakaliswa yi- Pap smear yesimiso ngeziphumo ezihlukaniswe kanje:
- I-ASCUS ( amangqamuzana ase-atypical okubaluleka okungagunyaziwe ) asho ukuthi noma yikuphi ushintsho lungajwayelekile. Isizathu singase sibe umphumela wento esukela ekuthelelekeni kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwamangqamuzana angenangqondo. I-ASCUS ayiyona inkomba ye-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho kuze kuqhutshekwe ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisiwe okuqhubekayo.
- I-AGUS (amangqamuzana ase-atypical glandular angabaluleki kalula) ibhekisela ekungajwayelekile emangqamuzaneni amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-mucus. Yize kungenjalo kuthiwa i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho, i-AGUS ingaba yinkomba engaphansi kwesimo esibi. Imiphumela ye-AGUS ibhekwa njengeyinqaba, eyenzeka ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angaphansi kweyonke yePap smear imiphumela.
- I-LGSIL (i- low grade grade squamous intraepithelial lesion ) isho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kutholile i-dysplasia emnene. Kuyinto evame kakhulu ukutholakala futhi, ezimweni eziningi, kuzosula ngokwakho kungakapheli iminyaka emibili.
- I-HGSIL (i- high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion ) isigaba esingathí sina ukuthi, Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza wesibeletho.
Indlela Ehlukile Yokuhlelwa
Indlela ehlukile ihlukanisa i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ngezinga lezinguquko kumaseli. Lolu shintsho lubizwa ngokuthi i-neoplasia ye-intraepithelial ye-colervical (CIN). I-CIN ibonisa ukuthi ubuningi bomkhawulo wesibeletho buhlaselwa ngamaseli angavamile.
Izigaba ze-CIN zidilizwe kanje :
- I-CIN I : i-dysplasia enomzimba ngamangqamuzana angavamile atholakala engxenyeni eyodwa yesithathu yombhede wesibeletho
- I-CIN II : i-dysplasia elinganisiwe ngamaseli angavamile atholakale ezingxenyeni ezimbili kwezintathu zendwangu yomlomo wesibeletho
- I-CIN III : i-dysplasia eqinile ngamaseli angavamile atholakale ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zelitha lomlomo wesibeletho kuze kube yilapho ububanzi bebhande
Izimpawu Nezimbangela Ze-Dysplasia Yesibeletho
Ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu ezihlobene ne- dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho . Abaningi besifazane bayathola kuphela lapho beqhubeka nohlelo lwe-Pap smear.
Ngokuphathelene nezimbangela, kunesixhumanisi esinamandla phakathi kwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho kanye ne- papillomavirus yomuntu (HPV) . I-HPV yisifo esivamile abantu abaningi abahlangana nabo esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo. Ukutheleleka kwe-HPV kuhloswe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-95 azo zonke izifo ze-cancer yomlomo wesibeletho, okwenza ukutholakala kusengaphambili kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV akusho ukuthi owesifazane uzothola umdlavuza wesibeletho.
Ezimweni eziningi, i-HPV izozisula ngaphandle kokwelapha. Imithi encane ye-HPV kuphela ehlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa zomlomo wesibeletho.
Ezinye izingozi ezihlobene nokuthuthukiswa kwe-dysplasia zihlanganisa:
- ukubhema
- ukuba nabalingani abaningi bezocansi
- ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-20
- isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esonakele, njengabesifazane abane-HIV
Ukwelapha i-Dysplasia yesibeletho
Uma ukutholakala kwe-Pap smear kungavamile, isinyathelo esilandelayo kufanele sibe ne- colposcopy . I-colposcopy iyinkqubo ye-in-office evumela udokotela ukuthi ahlolisise umlomo wesibeletho ngokugcwele. Kuye okutholakele, i- biopsy yomlomo wesibeletho ingenziwa.
Uma i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho iqinisekisiwe, ukwelashwa kuzohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kunzima kangakanani:
- Amacala amancane okulinganisela ngokuvamile adinga okungaphezu kokulinda nokulinda nokuhlolwa okuphindiwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12.
- Amacala amakhulu kakhulu adinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kufaka inqubo ye- loop electrosurgical excision (LEEP) , i- cryosurgery , conization , nezinye izinqubo zokuhlinza.
Imithombo
- > I-American Cancer Society I-Colorectal Cancer Advisory Group. "Ukuhlolwa nokuqapha ukuhlolwa kokuqala kweCcerrectal Cancer ne-Adenomatous Polyps: Umkhombandlela Ohlangene we-American Cancer Society, i-US Multi-Society Task Force kuColorectal Cancer, ne-American College of Radiology." I-Gastroenterology . 2008; 134 (5): 1570-1595.
- > National Cancer Institute. "Umdlavuza wesibeletho (PDQ®): Ukuhlolwa." Umlando wemvelo, Isibalo, nokufa. Washington, DC; Julayi 2006.