Izisekelo ze-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho
I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho yisimo esivamile esichaza izinguquko ezingavamile ezingavamile emgodini wesibeletho. Izinguquko ezingavamile zingabuka emnothweni kuya ezinzima futhi zitholakale ngokusebenzisa isimiso se-Pap smear.
Sibutsetelo
Nakuba i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho engalashwa ingaholela emdlalweni wesibeletho kwezinye izimo, ukuba ne-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho akusho ukuthi umuntu unomdlavuza noma uzoke ahlakulele lesi sifo.
Kuvame ukuphathwa kuqala ngokuqapha ukuze ubone ukuthi kuqhubeka yini, bese kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokwelapha ehhovisi likadokotela. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuqapha ngokucophelela nokwelapha, izinguquko ezingavamile embelethweni zivame ukuphathwa (zisuswe) ngaphambi kokuba zithole ithuba lokuguqula kusuka kumangqamuzana angenawo ama-cell to cell cells .
Izimpawu
Abesifazane abane-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho ngokuvamile abanalo izimpawu. Yingakho ukuba ne- Pap smear evamile kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Pap smear evamile ingathola lezi zinguquko ezingavamile zomlomo wesibeletho eside ngaphambi kokuba ziphenduke umdlavuza.
Izimbangela
Kukhona uxhumano oluqinile phakathi kwe- papillomavirus yomuntu (i-HPV) ne-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho. I-HPV igciwane elivamile lisakazeka ngokuxhumana kocansi. Kwabaningi besifazane, i-HPV ne-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho zizozisula ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye besifazane, i-HPV ingaholela ekushintsheni okungavamile komlomo wesibeletho. Uma lezi zinguquko zishiywa zingaphathwa kabi, zingaholela emdlalweni wesibeletho somlomo wesibeletho.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abesifazane abathuma ukubhema banandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho. Kutholakale ukuthi ukubhema kungaba empeleni ukusheshisa imiphumela ye-HPV emgodini wesibeletho. Lesi esinye isizathu sokukhahlela umkhuba wokubhema ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka empilweni.
Okunye okukhona okungenzeka ukuthi izifo zengozi ye-dysplasia zibandakanya:
- Ukuba ne-HIV
- Ukuba nabalingani abaningi bezocansi
- Ukubeletha ngaphambi kweminyaka engamashumi amabili
Ukuxilongwa
I-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho itholakala ngokuhlaziywa kwamathuluzi okuhlolwa kwe-Pap, okuthatha isampula yokushayela kwamaseli omlomo wesibeletho. Lebhu ibheka amangqamuzana angavamile. Uma bebika amangqamuzana angama-squain angamaqiniso okungaqiniseki (ASC-US) , ukuhlolwa kungabuyekezwa ezinyangeni ezingu-12 futhi kuhlolwa i- HPV .
Ngokuthola okungajwayelekile noma ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV kulungile futhi uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25, i-biopsy ingenziwa. Le biopsy yenzeka ngesikhathi senqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i- colposcopy kanye namasampuli amangqamuzana omlomo wesibeletho angabuye ahlaziywe ukuze athole ukuthi ayengaphambi komdlavuza, i- intraepithelial neoplasia yomlomo wesibeletho (CIN). Lezi zihlanganisiwe njenge-CIN1 (i-dysplasia ephansi), i-CIN2 (i-dysplasia elinganisiwe) ne-CIN3 (i-dysplasia eqinile noma i- carcinoma in situ .)
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho kuncike kwimiphumela ye-biopsy ekhonjiwe ngenhla futhi ihluka ngezinga le-dysplasia elikhona.
I-CIN Angivame ukuphathwa. Kunalokho, kuvame ukulandelwa eduze nama-Pap smears, izivivinyo ze-HPV, noma ngezinye izikhathi i-colposcopy.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuwenzelwa i-CIN II no-CIN II futhi kuhilela ukukhipha izindawo zezingqamuzana ezingavamile ukuze zingakwazi ukuqhubeka zikhula futhi zibe nomdlavuza.
Izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:
- I-Cryosurgery - Lokhu kuhlinzekwa kuhilela ukufakela umshini wokuqhwaza ukuze kufakwe izicubu ezingavamile.
- I-LEEP - Inqubo ye-LEEP (inqubo ye-loop electrosurgical) isebenzisa ucingo olubhebhethekile kagesi ukususa izicubu ezingavamile.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laser - I-carbon dioxide laser ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha izicubu ezingavamile.
- I-cold colise cone biopsy - Le nqubo ifana nalezi ngenhla kodwa isebenzisa isikhumba sokususa sokususa izicubu ezisolisayo.
I-anesthetic yasendaweni ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphazamisa izicubu esibelethweni ngaphambi kwalezi zinqubo, ezivame ukwenziwa emtholampilo noma esibhedlela njengokuhlinzwa okufanayo ngosuku.
Uma i-biopsy ikhombisa ukuthi kunezingqamuzana ezingavamile emaphethelweni esampula, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwenziwa endaweni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ususe wonke amaseli angavamile.
Izinga eliphindaphindiwe le-CIN kwisifundo esisodwa esikhulu kwaba amaphesenti angu-5.3 kwabesifazane abaphathwe nge-cryosurgery noma i-LEEP kanye ne-1.4% kulabo abathinteka ngamakhaza abandayo, nakuba ukuvama kwezimo ezinzima kwakungcono kakhulu ngokumisa ummese obandayo.
Landelela
Uma i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho iphathwa ngezinye zezindlela ezingenhla, kuzodingeka uhlolwe njalo. Uma amaseli angavamile abuyele, ukwelashwa kuphindwe. Njengoba ukutheleleka kwe-HPV kungaphikelela ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-CIN, kunengozi yezindawo eziqhubekayo zezicubu ezingavamile ezizayo esikhathini esizayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde noma yikuphi ukulandela okuphakanyisiwe.
Ukubhekana
Kungaba ukwesaba okukhulu ukuzwa ukuthi unesimo esingaholela emdlalweni. Lokho kusho, uma nje ulandela ngokucophelela udokotela wakho futhi uthola noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okuphakanyisiwe, amathuba okuguqulwa lokhu aphansi kakhulu.
Imithombo:
UHoffman, S., Le, T., Lockhart, A. et al. Amaphethini Wokubhekana Ne-HPV Eqhubekayo Ngemva kokwelapha i-Neoplasia ye-Cervical Intraepithelial (CIN): Ukubuyekeza Okuhlelekile. I-International Journal of Cancer . 2017 Jan 25.
Santesso, N., Mustafa, R., Wiercioch, W. et al. Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile kanye ne-Meta-Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinzuzo Nezikhwama ze-Cryotherapy, i-LEEP, ne-Cold Knife Conization Yokuphatha I-Neoplasia Ye-Cervical Intraepithelial. I-International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics . 201. 132 (3): 266-71.
Tsikouras, P., Zervoudis, S., Manav, B. et al. Umdlavuza wesibeletho: Ukuhlola, Ukuxilongwa kanye nokuThuthukisa. J BUON . 2016. 21 (2): 320-5.