Indlela i-MRI isebenza ngayo nokuthi yimaphi imigomo eshoyo
I-imagery ye-resonance magnetic (MRI) indlela enamandla yokubuka ngaphakathi komzimba womuntu. Izithombe ezitholakala yi-MRI zivame ukuningiliziwe, zivumela odokotela ukuba babone izinto abangenakusebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezifana ne- CT scan noma i- X-ray . Ngaphandle kwe-neurosurgery, i-MRI inikeza ukubukeka okungcono ngaphansi kwekhanda.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-MRI ithatha izithombe ezinjalo ezinamandla, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi imiphumela kufanele ibe lula ukuyiqonda.
Ngeshwa, ukuqonda okufanele kulezi zithombe kuxhomeke ekuqondeni okuqinile kwamasu kanye ne-physics ngemuva kokufaneka kwe-imagination resonance magnetic. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI akuchazwisi nje kuphela udokotela oyala ukuskena, kodwa futhi ngama-radiologists, odokotela abakhethekile ekuchazeni lezi zithombe.
Indlela i-MRI esebenza ngayo
Uma isiguli sithola isithwebuli se-MRI, ifakwa emgodini omncane. Ukuzungezile kuyimemori enamandla kakhulu. Lapho le magnet ivuliwe, ama-athomu e-hydrogen ajikelezayo ngokungahleliwe ahamba ngokuya endaweni ehambelana nomhlaba. Umshini womsakazo usetshenziswa endaweni yomzimba okufanele ihlolwe. Ama-athomu kule ndawo athola amandla amandla we-pulse, okubenza baqhubeke emvamisa nokuqondisa okuthile. Amakhulumi amancane avaliwe futhi avuliwe ngendlela enjalo ukuze kusebenze izifunda eziqondile kakhulu ezaziwa njengezicucu. Lapho imvamisa yomsakazo ivaliwe, ama-athomu e-hydrogen akhululeka amandla, atholakale isignali esitholwe umshini we-MRI.
Ikhompiyutha ihlaziya lezi zimpawu futhi izisebenzise ukwakha isithombe slice.
Okuhle Nokubi Kwe-MRI
I-MRI inikeza izithombe zomzimbeni womuntu njengokungathi yayisikiwe njengesinkwa. Lezi zingcezu zingaba yiluphi uhlangothi futhi zingaba mncane njengamamitha ambalwa. Ukuskena kwe-MRI kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokubheka izicubu ezithambile ezifana nobuchopho nomgogodla.
Futhi, i-MRI ayidingi ukuchayeka emisebeni.
Ngokwehla, i-MRI iyabiza futhi ithatha isikhathi eside ukwenza. Isiguli kufanele sihlale sisasebenza ngesikhathi sokuskena, njengoba ukunyakaza okuncane ngisho kungahle kuphazamise izithombe. Izithombe zingahle ziphazamiseke nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lensimbi. Okokugcina, ngenkathi i-MRI ibukeka kahle lapho ibheka izicubu ezithambile, ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-CT scan zingcono kakhulu ekubhekeni amathambo ngenxa yezinkinga ezinjenge-fractures.
Indlela i-MRI engasiza ngayo ngezinqumo zezempilo
Isithombe esisebukhosini somswakama sidinga ukuqondwa kumongo wendaba yakho nokuhlola kwakho ngokomzimba. Ngokuya komongo, i-lesion efanayo ekhonjiswe kwi-MRI kungaba isibonakaliso sokushaywa yisisu , isisu, i- multiple sclerosis , noma okubalulekile. Esikhundleni sokunikeza impendulo eqondile, ke, i-MRI inikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe engasiza ukuqondisa udokotela ekuxilongweni okulungile.
Ngaphezu kokuthola izinto kwi-MRI engachaza inkinga yakho, i-MRI ingayithola "ukutholakala okungahle kwenzeke." Lezi yizinto ezingavamile ezingase zingabi nethonya elikhulu futhi azihambisani nenkinga eseduze. Isibonelo, iziguli eziningi ezinezinhlungu zentamo zikhathazeka uma i-MRI ibonisa izinhlamvu ezincane ezintanyeni entanyeni ize zitshelwe ukuthi iziguli eziningi ngaphandle kobuhlungu bentamo zinezinhlamvu ezifanayo ze-disc.
I-MRI ingaba yindlela enamandla kakhulu yokusiza ekutholeni izifo noma ukulandela ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kodwa akufanelekile kuzo zonke izimo . Ezinye izivivinyo ezitholakala kalula zinganikeza ulwazi olungcono mayelana nokuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwakho.
Ukufunda imibiko ye-MRI
Lapho abantu abaningi befunda umbiko we-MRI ohlinzekwa yi-radiologist, bangase bazizwe sengathi kubhalwe ngolunye ulimi. Ngezindlela eziningi, baqinisile. Ithemikhali yezokwelapha iyinhlanganisela yesiGreki nesiLatini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbiko ungasebenzisa imithi yezobuchwepheshe ukuchaza ezinye izici ze-MRI. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, odokotela abaningi baxoxa ngemiphumela neziguli zabo, kunokuba nje babanikeze ikhophi yalo mbiko.
Lapho ufunda umbiko we-MRI wengqondo, lawa amanye amagama avamile ongabhekana nawo.
- I-coronal: Lesi sigaba esibheka ubuchopho sibukeka kuqala. Kunjengokusika isinkwa ngesitayela sendabuko.
- I-Axial: Lezi zingcezu ubuchopho obuvela phezulu phezulu, njengezingxenye zekhekhe.
- I-Sagittal: Lezi zingcezu ubuchopho kusuka ohlangothini.
- Ukulandelana: Ukulandelana kusetha ukuskena kwe-MRI kwimingcele ethile, futhi kuqoqa ulwazi ngaphansi kwalezo zimingcele. Ukulandelana okuhlukile kunakho konke ekuboniseni izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo. Ukulandelana kungafaka T1, T2, nokuphambene.
- Ukuthuthukisa: Ngezinye izikhathi izikrini ze-MRI zenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukungafani. Lokhu kuhilela umjovo we-intravenous we-agent ehlukile, ngokuvamile i-gadolinium. Ukungafani kuyokwandisa, noma kuthuthukise, isignali yezinhlobo ezithile zezilonda. Isibonelo, i-lesion multiple sclerosis lesion izokhula ngaphansi kokungafani, kanti izilonda eziningi ezingasebenzi ezingasetshenziswanga.
- I-MRA: Lokhu kusho ukukhanya kwe-magnetic resonance angiogram. Lolu uhlobo lwe-scan ye-MRI elugxile ezitsheni zobuchopho. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngesifo noma ezinye izifo ze-vascular.
- Ukuqina komqondo / ukugxila: I-MRI ikhombisa amaphikseli kusuka kumhlophe kuya kumnyama, enezinhlobo eziningi zegrey phakathi. Imibala enomzimba kuthiwa ibe nesignali ephakeme noma ibe namandla kakhulu. Ukwehla komfutho, noma i-hypointensity, kubonisa isifunda esikhanyayo noma esimnyama kunalindelekile. Lokhu kungabonisa isilonda kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa ye-artifact.
- I-artifact: Izithombe ze-magnontic resonance zingase zihlanekezwe ngezinkinga zokuhamba, zensimbi, noma ze-scanner, phakathi kwamanye amaningi. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-60 ze-artifact ezingakwazi ukufihla ukuhumusha kwe-MRI.
Yize lokhu kungenye yemigomo ejwayelekile etholakala emibhalweni ye-MRI, khumbula ukuthi ngisho ne-glossary ephelele yemigomo, ukuhumusha kwe-MRI kusencike ekubeni nokuqonda okunye okuphathelene nesimo semvelo, i-physics, i-physiology, ne-pathology. Lezi zicansi zixoxwa kangcono nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde kahle ukuthi yini eyatholakala.
> Imithombo:
> Nadgir R, Iwesem DM. I-Neuroradiology: Ama-Requisites 4th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. 2016.
> I-Basics ye-MRI. JP Hornak. http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/mri/inside.htm.