Umbuzo: Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kweso?
Impendulo: Ukuba neso eliphelele ukuhlolwa minyaka yonke kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokujabulela umbono omuhle kulo lonke impilo yakho.
Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo Kwenziwe Kanjani
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kweso eliphelele, udokotela wakho wezilanga uzokwenza izivivinyo nezinqubo ezehlukene ukuhlola umbono wakho kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Ucwaningo olunzulu lwamehlo kuthatha cishe ihora, futhi kufanele lube yingxenye yezingxenye ezilandelayo:
Ubuhle bokubukwa
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuyisilinganiso sokuthi ubona kanjani kahle noma ubukhali nokucaca kombono wakho. Udokotela wakho wezilanga uzokucela ukuba ufunde izincwadi eshadini ngenkathi umile ngamamitha angu-20. Izincwadi ezincane kakhulu ozokwazi ukuzifunda zizorekhodwa njenge-acuity yakho.
I-acuity yakho ebonakalayo ingabhalwa ngo-20/20 uma umbono wakho uvamile. Uma umbono wakho uncishisiwe, ungase urekhodiwe ungaphansi kuka 20/20, njenge-20/100.
Uma unombono we-20/100, kusho ukuthi kufanele usondele eduze nezinyawo ezingu-20 ukubona ukuthi umuntu onombono ovamile angabona ngamamitha ayi-100. Omunye onombono we-20/60 uzodinga ukunyuka kuze kufike kumamitha angu-20 ukuyofunda ukuthi umuntu onombono ovamile angafunda kusuka kumamitha angu-60 kude.
Ukubhekana nezinsimu ezibonakalayo
Indawo yokubonisana ebonakalayo yisheke esheshayo sensimu yakho eyisisekelo yombono, kufaka phakathi umbono wakho ophakathi nendawo (ohlangothini). Udokotela wakho wezandla noma ochwepheshe uzohlala phambi kwakho futhi akucele ukuthi umboze iso elilodwa.
Khona-ke uzocelwa ukuthi usho uma ungabona isandla sakhe njengoba singena ensimini yakho yombono kusuka ezinhlangothini.
Izingxube ze-extraocular
Lolu hlobo luhlola imisipha elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Kuvame ukuhlolwa okulula okuqhutshwa ngokuhambisa ipeni noma into encane ngezindlela ezahlukene zokubuka.
Izithibelo, ubuthakathaka noma ukulandelwa okubi kwezinto ezibukwayo ngokuvamile kuvulwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pupillary
Ukuphendula kwe-Pupillary (indlela abafundi bakho abayiphakamisa ngayo futhi bayigxile ekuphenduleni ukukhanya) kungabonisa okuningi ngempilo yamehlo nenyama yakho. Izinzwa ezilawula umfundi zihamba ngendlela ende emzimbeni. Ukuziphendulela okunye kwe-pupillary kungabonisa izinkinga ze-neurological, kuhlanganise nezimo ezinzima.
Ukuphendula komfundi wakho kuhlolwe ngokukhanyisa okukhanyayo okuqondiswe kokukodwa noma kokubili kwamehlo akho. Udokotela wakho angase agxile kwelinye iso noma aphendule ukukhanya ukuze afunde indlela abafundi bakho abayishintsha ngayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhava
Isivivinyo sekhava senziwa ukukala ukuthi amehlo akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Isivivinywa sokuhlolwa yisivivinyo esilula lapho udokotela akucela ukuba ulungise khona into eseduze noma ekude. Ufihla iliso elilodwa, liyeke, bese liyivula. Uhlola iso lakho njengoba lifundwa, njengoba lilungisa kabusha ekuhlosweni.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhava kusiza ukubona amehlo awela (strabismus), iso elivilapha (amblyopia) noma ukwehla ekuboneni okujulile .
- Uyini Ukuhlolwa Kwekhava?
- Strabismus
- I-Amblyopia
I-Retinoscopy
I-Retinoscopy wuhlolo olunikeza udokotela wakho wezindlela indlela yokukala ukukhishwa.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa, i-retinoscopy inikeza udokotela wakho indawo yokuqala yokulinganisa imithi yakho yeziglasi , uma kudingeka.
Ukunciphisa
Abantu abaningi bakhumbula ukugxeka njengengxenye yokuhlolwa lapho udokotela ebuza khona isiguli, "Ngumuphi umshini ongcono, owodwa noma ababili?" Ukunciphisa ukuhlolwa kuyisimo sokuhlola okuzithobayo ukuze ulinganise ukusondela, ukubhekwa phambili, i- astigmatism noma i- presbyopia .
Udokotela ubeka ithuluzi, elibizwa ngokuthi i-phoropter, phambi kwamehlo akho. Ucatshangelwa uchungechunge lwe-lens. Udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi iyiphi ilensi ecacile.
Imiphumela ye-test refraction ngokuyinhloko idokotela ayisebenzisayo ukuthuthukisa i-eyeglass yakho yokugcina noma i- lens prescription .
Ukuhlolwa kweLamp Lamp
Odokotela bamehlo basebenzisa insimbi ebizwa ngokuthi isibani esitsheni, esibizwa ngokuthi i-biomicroscope, ukuhlola ngaphambili (ingxenye yangaphakathi) nangemuva (ingxenye engezansi) ingxenye yeso lakho. Lokhu ukuhlola impilo yonke iso.
Insimbi iphakamisa amehlo akho izikhathi eziningi futhi isebenzisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo ukukhanyisa izakhiwo zamehlo. Ingxenye ngayinye yeso lakho, kuhlanganise namajwabu akho kanye ne-eyelashes, i-conjunctiva, i-cornea, iris, i-crystalline lens kanye nekamelo langaphakathi, lihlolwe ngendlela ejwayelekile yokuveza noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma izifo. Ama-cataracts angatholakala ukuthi usebenzisa isibani sokwehlukanisa.
I-Tonometry
I-Tonometry yindlela yokucindezela kweso, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-IOP, noma ukucindezelwa kwe-intraocular . Udokotela wakho wezilanga uzobeka uphonsa we-anesthetic esweni lakho. Khona-ke uzobeka inani elincane le-fluorescein (idayi eliphuzi) elweni lakho. Idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-tonometer idluliselwa eduze kweso lakho ukuze ithinte ngobumnene i-cornea, ilinganisa ukucindezela kweso lakho.
Uma ukucindezeleka kweso lakho kuphakeme kunokwejwayelekile, ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i- glaucoma iyakhula. (Abanye odokotela bakhetha ukukala ukucindezeleka kweso ngokuhlolwa kwe-"puff air" lapho i-tonometer engathintana nayo (NCT) inquma ukucindezeleka kwamehlo ngomoya omuncu.)
I-Dilated Fundus Examination
I-dilated fundus ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile iyisinyathelo sokugcina ekuhlolisweni kwamehlo okuphelele. Udokotela wakho wezilanga uzophatha amaconsi e- eye akhethekile ukuze ahlaziye abafundi bakho. Lokhu kwandisa ubukhulu bomfundi wakho, unikeze udokotela wakho iwindi elikhudlwana lokuhlola impilo yakho yangaphakathi. Udokotela uyakwazi ukuhlola i-vitreous, i-nertic optics, imithwalo yegazi, i-macula ne-retina.
Insimbi ebizwa nge- binocular engaqondile ophthalmoscope (i-BIO) igqoke ikhanda likadokotela. Lokhu kukhulula izandla zodokotela ukuze usebenzise i-lensi enamandla ukugxila ekukhanyeni okukhishwe ophthalmoscope ehlathini lakho. Ngalesi sixhobo, isithombe sincane kakhulu kodwa insimu yokubuka ibaluleke kakhulu, ivumela udokotela ukuba abuke yonke i- retina yakho.
I-dilated fundus yokuhlola iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwamehlo, njengoba izifo eziningi zamehlo zingatholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.