Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi impilo ye-digital ikhulisa isipiliyoni sesiguli. Ubuchwepheshe bokwaziswa kwezempilo buboniswe ukwandisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwezingenelelo zezempilo, kanye nokuhlinzeka iziteshi ezengeziwe zokuxhumana nodokotela. Kuye kwaba nenqubekela phambili eningi kule ndawo njengoba impilo ye-digital iqhubeka ibe enembile futhi ehlangene.
Lezi zithuthukisa ziholela ekwenzeni ukwaneliseka kwezigulane ezibikezelwe.
Amathuluzi ezempilo eDarikhi manje afika nasekhaya ethu futhi anikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono kokuphuma esibhedlela. Siye saba abathengi abaluleka kalula nokufinyeleleka, futhi kaningi benza izinqumo zethu zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokusekelwe kulezi zimingcele. Kubonakala sengathi singena esikhathini lapho ukufaneleka komtholampilo kuphela okwanele ukuheha nokugcina iziguli.
Iziguli ze-Cancer zizwa ziqinisekisiwe ngosizo lwe-IT Systems entsha
Ngo-2016, abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-1.7 e-United States batholakala benomdlavuza. Ukwanda kwezinombolo zesiguli kanye nezindleko zokwelashwa eziphakeme kwenza ukulethwa kwekhwalithi yekhwalithi ephezulu kuyinselele. Lesi esinye sezizathu zokuthi i-Cancer Moonshot Initiative yasungulwa ngo-2016 yi-Obama Administration. Lesi sinyathelo sibona ukuthi ukufaka intuthuko emisha ekunakekelweni komdlavuza kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpilo zalabo ababhekene nalesi sifo.
Ukuxhaswa kwemiklamo nemiklamo ye-Moonshot sekuqinisekisiwe iminyaka eyisikhombisa futhi ngo-2017, imali engama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-300 izokhishwa njengengxenye yokuqala.
Umshini wokufunda imishini wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uye wabonakala ngaphambilini njengendlela yokuqoqa nokwabelana kwedatha nokuthuthukisa izinga lokunakekelwa. Ngonyaka ka-2012, i-American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) yenze i-CancerLinQ, uhlelo olukwazi ukuhlanganisa i-Big Data.
Kwaqala ukuhlolwa ngezihloko ngomdlavuza wesifuba futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwandiswa kwezinye izinhlobo zegciwane.
I-CancerLinQ ihloselwe i-oncologists futhi ibasize, kanye neziguli zabo, benze izinqumo ezinolwazi. Iqoqa futhi ixhumanise idatha ezivela ezigulini ezihlukene futhi inikeza abasebenzisi ukufinyelela ulwazi olwake lwavalelwa kude kuma-silos angasese. Isofthiwe ihlaziya amaphethini nemikhuba, ngakho-oncologists ingahlola iziguli zabo ngokumelene nabantu abanezici ezifanayo. Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngemininingwane yangempela-isikhathi futhi luvumela odokotela ukuba baqhathanise ukunakekelwa kwabo ngezinkombandlela, kanye nokukhetha inkambo efanelekayo, yokwaziswa okusekelwe embonweni wokwelashwa kwesiguli ngasinye.
I-CancerLinQ ihilela inqubo yokufunda eqhubekayo futhi ibikezelwa ukuthi ikusasa lokunakekelwa komdlavuza waseMelika. U-ASCO ubonisa ukuthi ngokusebenzisa lolu hlelo, odokotela bangafunda ngazo zonke iziguli, hhayi nje ezabo noma lezo zifundo ezinkulweni zokwelashwa. Lokhu kwenza izinqumo zabo zibheke ngokugcwele futhi zibeke isiguli. Uma ukuhlakanipha komphakathi wonke we-oncology kungazelelwe kufinyeleleke kuzo zonke izivakashi, iziguli cishe zizokwazi ukuthola ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe futhi ziqiniseke ukuthi zithola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.
Ukwamukelwa komhlaba wonke kwezingubo zobuchwepheshe obonakalayo emhlabeni wonke kwenza ukuqoqwa kwedatha enkulu kwedatha kunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula nakakhulu kumahlelo afana neCancerLinQ ukuqhathanisa nokuphikisa iziguli, ngakho odokotela bangakwazi ukunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu nesiluleko. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, i-CancerLinQ neNational Cancer Institute yamemezela ukubambisana ukuze kusekelwe ukushintshaniswa kolwazi. Ukuhlanganisa imithombo emphakathini womdlavuza kungase kuthuthukiswe ukunakekelwa kwesineke nemiphumela. Njengoba ukuxilongwa komdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa kudlulela ezibhedlela nasezilungiselelweni ezingaphandle, ukusebenzisana phakathi kozakwethu kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-CancerLinQ iphinde ihlanganyele ne-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukuhlola ukwelashwa kwemishavuza esanda kuvunyiwe. Ulwazi olutholakala ngokusebenzisa ukubambisana kwabo lungakwazi ukwazisa izinqubomgomo zesikhathi esizayo kanye nokwenza izinqumo.
Ixhuma nge-Social Media
Imithombo yezenhlalo inikeza iziguli amathuba amaningi okufinyelela nokushintshanisa idatha. Imiphakathi e-inthanethi ekhonza labo abanezimo zempilo ingenye ithuluzi elinamandla elingakwazi ukuxhuma odokotela neziguli ngesikhathi sangempela. Kodwa-ke, imingcele yezobuchwepheshe kudingeka ilandelwe ngokuqinile lapho kuhanjiswa imibono kanye nemibono ngokugula.
Ochwepheshe nodokotela bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bangasebenzisa futhi imithombo yezokuxhumana yendabuko, njenge-Facebook ne-Twitter, ukufundisa iziguli nokusabalalisa ulwazi, nokumema abantu ukuba bahlanganyele ekuvivinyweni kwemitholampilo. Izinhlangano ezihloniphekile ezifana ne-Mayo Clinic Centre, i-ASCO futhi zithole "ukuthandwa" okuningi emakhasini abo futhi zizimisele ngokugcwele ukufinyelela kubantu abafuna ulwazi olusesikhathini.
I-Facebook iyaziwa ngokuhlinzeka abasebenzisi abanentshisekelo ngezihloko zezempilo nokuqukethwe okujwayelekile kusuka emithonjeni "abayithandile", lapho i-Twitter isetshenziselwa ukwabelana okungahleliwe kwamathebhuthi ekwaziswa okuvela kulabo "abalandelayo".
Izintshumayelo zamuva kuTelehealth zithuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwesineke
Kube khona ukushintshwa okuphawulekayo ngezindlela izindlela iziguli ezithinta ngayo futhi zihilelekile ekunakekeleni kwazo. Kuye kwaqaphela ukuthi sifuna ukuba yingxenye ebalulekile yeqembu uma kuziwa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo yethu, futhi sifuna ukubhekwa njengeziqunto ezizimele.
Kubuye kube nokucindezela okuqinile ukusekela abantu abathola ukunakekelwa kwekhaya, nokuvimbela izibhedlela ezingadingekile ezingabangela uma izimo ezingapheli zingalawulwa kahle. Ubuchwepheshe bokudijithali kuningi okunikezwayo kule ndawo yokunakekelwa, njengoba kuboniswa yiCave yesevisi.
eCaring iyi-soft-based software yokuphathwa kwezifo ezinika amandla iziguli nokuzisiza ukuba zihlale emakhaya abo. Idatha mayelana nezici zemitholampilo nokuziphatha iqoqwe ezigulini ezihlala ekhaya futhi zithunyelwa kwabanye abahlinzekeli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela luyabelana futhi luphathwe, okwenza ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kube nokuphepha okuningi kanye nokuthuthukisa isipiliyoni sesiguli.
Amandla we-eCaring's telehealth asekelwa yi-Samsung Galaxy Tablets, esetshenziselwa abasebenzisi lapho uhlelo luqala. Umshuwalense wezempilo ongenzi inzuzo usebenzisa lolu hlelo uye wabhala ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngcono nokunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe, isibonelo, ukunciphisa amaphesenti angu-40 ekuvakasheni esibhedlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa kweCaring, amaqembu okunakekelwa ayaneliseka nakakhulu. I-home aid aides ibike ukuthi bayakwazi ukuhlinzeka kangcono labo abakhonzayo futhi bazizwa bephumelela kakhulu emsebenzini wabo.
Abadali beCaring sebememezele omunye umkhiqizo ohloswe ngabantu abazinakekela abazali babo asebekhulile. I-FamilyConnect uhlelo lokusebenza olusha olwenzelwe lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwamalungu omndeni. Uhlelo lokusebenza kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi lusekela ukuzimela kwabadala. Kwenza ukuguga kuhle ukuveza izidingo zabo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lesi sizwe sithola ukunakekelwa okudingayo-kunika wonke umuntu ohilelekile ukuthula kwengqondo. Ngo-2017, i-FamiliyConnect isimise umkhankaso we-Kickstarter ukusekela umkhiqizo wabo wakamuva.
Impumelelo Enhle Yokukhulumisana Okungcono Phakathi kwabaNakekeli
"Iphi ishadi lesiguli?" Ngumbuzo ongase ube yisikhathi esiphelile njengoba amarekhodi ezempilo e-electronic (EHR) ayamukelwa kabanzi. Iziguli azijabuli ngokuhlanganyela ngokuphindaphindiwe ulwazi olufanayo. Uma abanakekeli abaningi bekwazi ukufinyelela irekhodi lomuntu lomuthi ngekhompiyutha, kusuka kunoma yikuphi lapho kunokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi, lokhu kungalondoloza isikhathi, londoloza imali futhi kwandise ukuphepha.
Amadokhumenti asekelwe ephepheni ayitholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, okunganciphisa ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa, okwenza kube nomthelela omubi ekuhlangeneni nakho kwesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Institute of Medicine ibika ukuthi e-US, amaphutha ezempilo yiyona eyimbangela yokufa yesishiyagalombili. Ngokufinyelela ulwazi ngekhompiyutha nokuhlanganisa imithombo yedatha engafani, izingozi ezehlukene zingaphathwa kangcono.
Ukuze benze kahle umsebenzi wabo, abahlengikazi nodokotela badinga ulwazi olufanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Isibonelo, kuboniswe ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ama-EHR nezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezihlengikazi kanye nezicelo zokunakekelwa kweziguli kuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa jikelele. Abakhiqizi bezobuchwepheshe bezempilo baye basebenza okwesikhashana manje ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuliseni amandla amakholi okushayela abahlengikazi futhi okwenza kube lula ngokwengeziwe. Imizamo yabo kubonakala sengathi iholele njengoba kuvele ukuthuthukiswa kokuthuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwesiguli.
UDavid F. Smith, umxhumanisi wezobuchwepheshe obuseduze no-Sparling, uchaza ukuthi izici ezintsha zakhiwe ohlelweni lwezokwelapha, ukuhlanganisa nokuhlanganisa izindawo ezahlukene zokunakekelwa. Izinhlelo manje ziya ngaphesheya kwamasistimu e-anti-fashioned-alone-system. Zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa idatha futhi zihlanganise ne-EHRs, futhi zibandakanya ukukhishwa / ukudluliswa / ukufaka imisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlelo zingakwazi ukuxhuma kubaqaphi beziguli, i-alamu nemibhede ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izaziso zitholwa ngendlela efika ngesikhathi. Bafaka phakathi ukuxhumana ngezwi nokubekezela kanye nokuvumela iziguli ukuba zikhulume emibhedeni yabo yesibhedlela kumalungu eqembu labo lokunakekela abasebenzisa ama-smartphone noma amabheji agqokekayo. Ama-alamu kanye nezixwayiso zingaphathwa kahle, futhi abahlengikazi bangakwazi ngisho nokukhansela izingcingo kude. Noma, uma umnakekeli onikeziwe engakwazi ukwamukela ucingo, uhamba ngokuzenzakalelayo kumuntu olandelayo okhona, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sithola ukunakekelwa okujulile nokunakekelwa ngaphambi kokuba sekwephuzile.
Imibuzo Engaphenduliwe
Ubuchwepheshe bezempilo buzoguqula isipiliyoni sesiguli. Kodwa-ke, onjiniyela bezempilo be-digital kudingeka bakhumbule ukuthi emisha ayifaki ukwedlula okuyinkimbinkimbi ohlelweni oluvele luyinkimbinkimbi. Ubuchwepheshe akufanele futhi bubhekwe njengenguquko yazo zonke ukuxhumana kwabantu.
Abahlinzeki bezempilo kudingeka bakhumbule ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ukuzithokozisa okulula futhi okungabizi, njengokumomotheka nokunikeza izibuyekezo ezijwayelekile, kungahamba ngendlela ende. Abahlengikazi basenaso isipiliyoni sesiguli-ngekusasa elibonakalayo, ubuchwepheshe budlala indima ehambisanayo.
UMatthew Werder, isikhulu sezobuchwepheshe e-Hennepin County Medical Center, ubonisa ukuthi njengoba ucwaningo olwenziwe ekuxhumaneni kobuchwepheshe bezempilo nokwaneliseka kwesiguli luyanda, imibuzo eminingi ingaphenduliwe. Werder unikeza izibonelo ezithile: Ingabe i-EHR inithinte ngempela isipiliyoni sesiguli? Ngubuphi ubuchwepheshe obune-ROI ephezulu? Izinkampani zokuqala zingayilinganisa kanjani futhi zibikezele isipiliyoni sesineke lapho kuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha? Singalindela izifundo ezengeziwe kulezi zinhlobo zemibuzo cishe zizokwenzeka maduzane futhi zizosinika ukuqonda okwengeziwe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bezempilo buqhubeke kanjani nokuthuthukisa isipiliyoni sesiguli.
> Imithombo:
> Feeley T, Sledge G, Levit L, Ganz P. Ukwenza ngcono izinga lomdlavuza eMelika ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha. J Am Med Yazisa Umhlangano 2014; 21: 772 - 775. ini: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002346
> Fisch M, Chung A, Accordino M. Ukusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Ukuthuthukisa Ukunakekelwa Kwemdlavuza: Ama-Social Media, Wearables, ne-Electronic Health Records. I-American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book / ASCO. I-American Society of Clinical Oncology. Ukuhlangana [serial inthanethi]. 2016; 35: 200-208.
> Lorenzi N. Ukusabela okuthakazelisayo: izinhlelo zokushayela izihlengikazi ziguqukela ukukhulisa ukwaneliseka kwesiguli. Ukuphathwa Kwezingqalasizinda zezempilo (serial online). 2013: 51
> Roham, M., Gabrielyan, A., Archer, N. Ukubikezela umthelela wokwamukelwa kokwaziswa kwezempilo kwezempilo esibhedlela ngokugculiseka kwesiguli. I-Intel Med ye- Artif .2012; 56: 123-135.
> Werder M. Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe: I-ingredient eyinhloko yesipiliyoni sesiguli. [serial online]. I-journal experience experience patient , 2015; 2 (1): 143-147.