Njengoba ama-chemotherapy agents ephumelela kakhulu futhi iziguli ziphila isikhathi eside, impilo enempilo, abasindile banemiphumela emibi engathinta kakhulu izinga lokuphila. Omunye umthelela onjalo yi-ototoxicity - umonakalo endlebeni yangaphakathi nge-toxin.
Ukwelashwa Kwemdlavuza Ongase Ithinte Ukuzwa
- I-Chemotherapy evela eqenjini elithi "platinum", njenge-cisplatin noma i-carboplatin ephezulu. I-Platinum chemotherapy kanye ne-aminoglycoside antibiotics ukulimaza izinwele zezinzwa ezingenalutho ngaphakathi kwendlebe, okwenza ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwezinzwa. Ngokuvamile, umphumela ufana kuzo zombili izindlebe futhi unomphela.
- Amazinga aphezulu emisakazo eya ekhanda noma ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi uma ibhulogi liqondiswa ku-brainstem noma indlebe. Ukushiswa komsindo endlebeni noma ebuchosheni kungabangela ukuvuvukala noma indlebe ye-wax ezindlebeni zangaphandle, izinkinga ezineketshezi eziketshezi phakathi kwezindlebe, noma ukuqina ko-eardrum noma amathambo endlebe. Noma yikuphi kulezi zinkinga kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa okuqhutshwayo. I-radiation ingaphazamisa amaseli ezinwele ezinzwa ngaphakathi kwendlebe yangaphakathi, okwenza kube nokulahleka kokuzwa kwezinzwa. Ukulimala kwemisebe kungase kuthinte eyodwa noma zombili izindlebe, kuye ngokuthi indawo yokwelashwa kwemisebe.
- Ukuhlinzwa okubandakanya ubuchopho, indlebe, noma izinzwa zokuhlola.
- Amanye ama-antibiotic kanye nama-diuretics. Ukulimala kusuka kwe-loop diuretics kubangelwa izinguquko ekulinganiseni kwamanzi nosawoti ngaphakathi kwezindlebe zangaphakathi, okubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kanye nezinkinga zokudluliselwa kwezibonakaliso zesisindo. Ngenhlanhla, lolu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe luvame okwesikhashana, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lungaba unomphela, ikakhulu lapho i-diuretic inikezwa ngokuhambisana ne-platinum chemotherapy noma i-aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Labo abasengozini enkulu yokuzwa ukulahlekelwa
- Ezinye izimo ezingozini zokulahlekelwa kokuzwa ngaphambi kokutholakala komdlavuza (njengokwelashwa kwangaphambili nge-anti-ammonium aminoglycoside, isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi, noma i-meningitis).
- Babengaphansi kweminyaka engama-4 ubudala ngesikhathi bethola ukwelashwa okungabangela umonakalo endlebeni.
- Kuthola i-cisplatin noma i-carboplatin.
- Imisebe etholakele endlebeni, ubuchopho, impumulo, izono, umphimbo, noma indawo ebusweni ngemuva kwe-cheekbones.
- Kwakunomzimba, ukuhlinza, noma ukutheleleka okunzima okwakubandakanya ubuchopho, indlebe, noma izinzwa zokuhlola, noma ukubekwa okudingekayo kwe-shunt.
- Kuthola uhlobo olungaphezu kweyodwa yokwelashwa okungabangela ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa (njengokuhlanganiswa kwemisebe yobuchopho kanye ne-cisplatin chemotherapy, noma ukwelashwa kokubili i-cisplatin ne-carboplatin chemotherapy)
- Babenomsebenzi omncane wezinso ngenkathi bathola i-chemotherapy noma enye imithi engalimaza ukuzwa.
Izimpawu Zokuzwa Ukulahlekelwa
- Kunzima ukuzwa lapho kukhona imisindo yangemuva.
- Ukunganaki imisindo (njengamazwi, imisindo yemvelo)
- Ukuzwa imisindo ( ukukhala, ukugunda, ukuklabaza, noma ukukhipha ) endlebeni yakho uma kungekho imisindo yangaphandle ekhona. Izingoma zingashintsha ku-pitch noma zishintshe kusukela endlebeni kuya endlebeni.
- Abanye abantu kungenzeka bangenayo izimpawu nhlobo.
Uma umonakalo wendlebe ohlobene ngokungazelelwe we-chemo utholakala, isiguli singase sibe umgwamanda we-intratympanic steroid imijovo yokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa okungezwayo noma mhlawumbe nokubuyisela umsebenzi.
Wonke umuntu owayenokwelashwa komdlavuza ongathinta izindlebe (njenge-cisplatin, ukuphakama okukhulu kwe-carboplatin, ukuphakama okukhulu kwemisebe ebuchosheni) kufanele ukuzwa kwabo kuhlolwe okungenani kanye ngemva kokuqedwa kokwelashwa.
Isidingo sokuhlolwa okungeziwe sixhomeke kuhlobo kanye nomthamo wezokwelapha zokwelashwa ezisetshenzisiwe. Uma ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kutholakala, ukuhlolwa kufanele kuphindwe minyaka yonke noma njengeluleka ngumuntu we-audiologist. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzwa kufanele kuhlolwe noma kunini lapho kunenkinga yokuzwa kucatshangwa.
Uma ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kutholakala, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa ngumuntu we- audiologist . Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa kungabangela izinkinga ngamakhono omuntu okukhulumisana nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu olahlekelwa ukuzwa ukuthola izinsizakalo ezizosiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhono labo lokuxhumana kahle.
Kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo, futhi lezi zingasetshenziswa ezinhlanganisweni ezihlukahlukene, kuye ngokuthi inkinga yokuzwa.
Imithombo:
Prevenas, Nick. Udokotela ohlinzayo we-Cancer Center we-Cancer usiza iziguli ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa kwe-sensitive-sensitive chemotherapy. I-University of Arizona Cancer Centre. Feb. 26, 2013.
Izingane ze-Oncology Group Izinkombandlela Zesikhathi eside Zokulandela
for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Cancers Young
www.survivorshipguidelines.org