Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono ezempilo kuyisihluthulelo kubantu abaku-autism spectrum
Enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaku - autism spectrum kunzima ekusebenzisaneni komphakathi. Izinga lobunzima lingaba lukhuni kakhulu (njengoba kuvamise abantu abangenalo ulimi olukhulunywe) noma obumnene. Ngisho nezinkinga ezincane zokuxhumana nabantu, noma kunjalo, zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ngobuhlobo, esikoleni nasemsebenzini.
Yiziphi Amakhono Ezenhlalakahle Ezithintekayo yi-Autism?
Kwezinye izimo, abantu abane-autism abanamakhono ayisisekelo omphakathi. Bangase bakuthole kunzima kakhulu (noma ngisho okungenakwenzeka) ukuxhumana nabo kweso, buza uphendule imibuzo, noma uphendule ngendlela efanele ngokujabulisa futhi ngiyabonga. Lawa makghono ayisisekelo, kanti akwanele ukusekela ubuhlobo obunenjongo, amathuluzi abalulekile ekuziphakamiseni kanye nokuxhumana nanoma yiluphi ilunga lomphakathi.
Kwezinye izimo, amakhono okuxhumana ayisisekelo aqinile, kodwa kunezikhala ekuqondeni imicabango nemicabango yabanye futhi uphendule ngendlela efanele. Lezi zinkinga, ngokuvamile, ziwumphumela wokungazi ukuthi yini omunye umuntu ongase acabange. Iningi labantu lingabuka abanye futhi liqagele, ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yethoni nomzimba womzimba, yini "eqhubekayo". Ngokuvamile, ngaphandle kosizo nokuqeqeshwa, abantu abathintekayo (ngisho nalabo abanokuhlakanipha kakhulu) abakwazi.
Lokhu " ukucabangela kwengqondo " kungaholela ngisho nomuntu osebenza kahle kakhulu kwi-autism spectrum ukuze enze izixhumanisi zenhlalo ezenza zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga.
Ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi kungani, umuntu on autism spectrum angalimaza imizwa, abuze imibuzo engalungile, enze ngendlela engavamile noma evame ukuzivulela ukuzonda, ukuhleka, ukuxhaphaza nokuzihlukanisa.
Kuyini Umhlinzeki Wezakhono Zomphakathi?
Njengoba izingqinamba ze-autism izimbangela sezilokhu zivame kakhulu, uhlobo lwemboni selukhulile oluzungeze ukufundisa amakhono omphakathi kubantwana nakubantu abadala.
Ayikho into enjengobudlelwane bama-psychologist therapists, futhi akukho isitifiketi esisemthethweni ensimini. Ngakho-ke, abadobi bezenhlalakahle bavela ezizindeni ezahlukene nokuqeqesha.
Ngokuvamile, abahlengikazi bamakhono omphakathi bangabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle, izazi zengqondo, abahlinzeka ngemisebenzi kanye nabakhulumeli bezinkulumo / zolimi abasebenza ngokukhethekile nabantu base-autistic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, baye bahlakulela noma bafunda amasu ekwakheni amakhono okusebenzisana nomphakathi kusuka kwamakhono ayisisekelo (njengokubheka amehlo) kumakhono azinkimbinkimbi nezicashile (njengokucela usuku).
Kwezinye izimo, abaqeqeshi bamakhono omphakathi baye bathola ukuqeqeshwa kanye nesitifiketi ngendlela ethile yokwelapha. Umuthi ngamunye / abacwaningi abandakanya uCarol Gray, uBrenda Myles noMichelle Garcia Winner baye bahlakulela izinhlelo nezinsiza ezingasiza ekufundiseni, ekusebenzeni nasekukhiqizeni amakhono omphakathi.
Eminyakeni yamuva, "yenza ngokwakho" amathuluzi okufundisa amakhono omphakathi kwabazali nabantu abadala ku-autism spectrum baye bafika emakethe. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha uhlobo lwezincwadi namavidiyo ekhombisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana, kanye namacebo namathiphu "okwenza kahle." Abadokotela beDrama baphinde basebenze ngamakhono enhlalakahle ngokusebenzisa izimo ezibhalwe phansi kanye / noma ukuthuthukisa nokucubungula ukusebenzisana komkhuba.
Ngabe Amakhono Okusebenza Ngamakhono Ezenhlalakahle Ngenzani Abantu Nge-Autism?
Njengoba kungekho isitifiketi esisodwa esisemthethweni sama-socialist therapists, amasu ahlukahluka. Esikhathini sokuhlelwa kwesikole, ukwelashwa kwamakhono emphakathini kungase kube nemisebenzi yeqembu (ngokuvamile imidlalo kanye nengxoxo) nezingane ezivame ukukhula futhi ezikhulayo. Amaqembu angabhekwa ngabaphathi bezengqondo esikoleni noma abasebenzi bezenhlalakahle, futhi angase aqhutshwe ekilasini, endaweni yokudlela yasemini noma endaweni yokudlala. Ngokuvamile, amaqembu omakhono esikoleni ahlose ukudlala umdlalo, ukwabelana, nokuxoxa.
Amaqembu amakhono omphakathi angaphandle esikoleni afana nesitayela, kodwa akhokhelwa ngokuyimfihlo (umshuwalense wezokwelapha awunakwenzeka ukumboza lezo zinhlelo).
Izingane zihlukaniswe iminyaka yobudala kanye nekhono, futhi zingase zisebenzise ama-curricula amakhono ezenhlalakahle njengoba zakhiwe ngabasebenzi abazinzile bezokwelapha ngamakhono omphakathi.
Ukwelashwa kweDrama , ukuhlukahluka kokwelashwa kwamakhono omphakathi, akuyona into engavamile - kodwa lapho unikezwa khona, kunakho konke okujabulisayo nokufundisa. Ukufaniswa kwevidiyo, ukuhlaziywa kwevidiyo, ukuxilongwa kweqembu, nezinye izindlela kungase kutholakale endaweni yakho, futhi kufaneleke kakhulu kubantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwengqondo nomuntu wezengqondo noma umqondo wengqondo kungase kube usizo.
Imingcele ekuphumeleleni kweTherapy Skills Therapy
Ngokwemfundiso, ukwelashwa kwamakhono omphakathi kuzohlinzeka abantu kwi-autism spectrum ngekhono lokukhuluma, ukwabelana, ukudlala, nokusebenza nabangane bakho ovamile. Ezweni elihle, ukwelashwa okunjalo kuzovumela abantu abaku-autism spectrum ukuba bahluke ngokungafani nontanga yabo ejwayelekile.
Eqinisweni, ukwelashwa kwamakhono omphakathi kuvame ukunikezwa okungaphezu kwehora noma amabili ngesonto - futhi ngenkathi kungabanika abafundi be-autistic ngamakhono namasu athile ("buka ubuso bomuntu uma uxoxa," isibonelo) akunakwenzeka ukwenza umuntu we-autistic avele ejwayelekile. Uhlelo olungenzeka ukuthi lunomthelela omkhulu luyoba lukhulu kakhulu, ngokungafani neningi lezinhlelo zamakhono ezentando yabantu.
Ngingayithola Kanjani I-A qualified Skilled Social Therapist?
Njengoba kungekho isitifiketi esisemthethweni sama-socialist therapists, kungaba yinselele ukuthola udokotela oqeqeshiwe. Iningi lama-best therapists ochwepheshe bezenhlalakahle abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu njengalokhu bazalwa: kwenzeka ukuthi babe nabahlengikazi abanethalente kakhulu ensimini yabo, ngokuqonda okungenangqondo ukuthi bangasiza kanjani abantu abane-autism "bathole" indlela abanye bacabanga ngayo, bazizwa ngayo futhi benze ngayo. Ngakho-ke, iqiniso lokuthi othile uqeqeshwe ngendlela ethile yamakhono ezenhlalakahle akusho ukuthi umenze abe ngumbhali ongcono. Mhlawumbe indlela engcono kakhulu yokunquma ukuthi ngabe umuthi ulungile yini wena noma ingane yakho ukuthi uzoya emasontweni ambalwa.
Izinhlelo eziningi zesikole zabantwana abane-autism zibandakanya ukwelashwa kwamakhono omphakathi . Asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi umuntu oqhuba lezo zinhlelo unokuqeqeshwa okuqondile noma okuhlangenwe nakho ngokuqhuba izinhlelo ezinjalo, ngakho-ke kungase kudingeke isikhathi somzali ukubuza ukuthi ubani ohlinzeka ngalezi zinhlelo nokuthi kungani bakhethwa ukwenza kanjalo. Akuyona neze engavamile ukuba isazi sengqondo sezikole noma isisebenzi sezenhlalakahle ukuqhuba izinhlelo zamakhono omphakathi ngokuqeqeshwa okuncane noma ngemuva.
Uma unesithakazelo ekutholeni ukwelapha kwamakhono omphakathi wangasese, umqondo omuhle ukuqala nge-Autism Society of America isahluko sakho noma i-AutismLink, kokubili okunikeza ulwazi mayelana nodokotela basekhaya.
> Imithombo:
> Foden, u-Teresa. Izindlela zokungenelela kwamakhono omphakathi: ukufika emgodini we-autism. I-Interactive Autism Network. Iwebhu. February, 2011.
> Otero, TL, Schatz, RB, Merrill, AC, & Bellini, S. (2015). Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono ezentando yenhlalakahle ebusheni nge-autism spectrum disorders. Imitholampilo Yengqondo Yengane Nengane Yengane , 24 (1), 99-115.