Odokotela abaningi bazoncoma njalo ukuthi izingane zihlolwe ukuphefumula ezinyangeni ezingu-6, kuye ngokuthi kungakanani okuholela ingane ukuthi ivulekele ekhaya noma endaweni yokunakekela izingane.
Kubantwana abadala kanye nabantu abadala, ukuhlolwa kuvame ukwenza kuphela uma kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi baye bahlonza izinga eliphezulu lokuhola. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala uchungechunge lwemibuzo mayelana nemvelo yakho, enze ukuhlola ngokomzimba, futhi ahlole ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole amazinga aphezulu okuhola emzimbeni.
Ukuhlola nokuzihlola kwekhaya
Ukubhekela utshwala ngokuyinhloko kutholakala ukuthi usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwebhulethi esemthethweni esimisweni somtholampilo, kodwa kunezinto eziningi ongayenza ekhaya ukuze uhlole ukuthi wena noma ilungu lomndeni useyingozi.
Ukuhola cishe cishe kuyo yonke imvelo yethu, futhi ukuphakama okuphezulu kutholakala ezintweni ezinjengepende elidala, i-solder, i-petroli, inhlabathi, namanzi angcolile, kanye nezinto ezibonakala zingenabungozi ezifana ne-candy, i-turf yokufakelwa, izinto zokugqoka zezinto zokudlala kanye neminye imithi .
Umthombo oyingozi kunazo zonke wokuhola izingane, ikakhulukazi, upende olususelwe ekuholeni, oluvame ukusetshenziswa emakhaya ngaphambi kweminyaka yama-1970. I-Environmental Protection Agency kanye Nezikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo zombili zihlinzeka isiqondiso sendlela yokugwema imithombo evamile yokuhola.
Ngaphezu kokususa noma ukugwema imithombo yokuhola ekhaya noma emsebenzini, kubalulekile ukubuka izibonakaliso zokuphehla ubuthi bese uqaphelisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona-ikakhulukazi izinguquko zokuziphatha njengokungathi ukucasuka, ukungabi naso, noma ukungabi nokugxila, njengoba kanye nokulibaziseka kwentuthuko ezinganeni ezincane.
Ukuhlola
Awekho amazinga okuhola atholakale ephephile ezinganeni, futhi ngisho namanani amancane aye axhunyaniswe nezindaba zokuziphatha futhi amaconsi ku-IQ.
Ngenxa yalokhu, iningi labahlengikazi lizovame ukuhlobisa izingane ezincane nezinsana ukuze ziveze ukuthi zizohola njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwabo jikelele. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kufaka phakathi uhlu lwemibuzo ephathelene nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene, njengokuthi ingane yakho noma indawo yokunakekelwa kwesikhashana ihlala kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi badla izinto ezingezona ukudla njengokudaka noma ukupenda, noma uma umzali noma othintana naye eseduzane evelele ekuholeni ngokuvamile ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo noma izinto zokuzilibazisa.
Uma impendulo ingu-yebo noma ungaqiniseki kunoma yimiphi imibuzo, udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuningi ukuhlola amazinga wegazi aphakanyisiwe.
Ngenkathi ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi le mibuzo ayinakuthola ekuboneni izingane ezinamazinga aphezulu okuhola, zingasiza odokotela nabazali ukuba bafunde lapho izingane ezinezifo ezitholakale zihogela ubuthi zizokwehliselwa ensimbi enamandla ukuvimbela ukuxhumana nayo esikhathini esizayo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancancisayo nabo bavame ukubuza imibuzo efanayo.
Ezindaweni eziningi, umnyango wezempilo wendawo uzoba nezincomo eziqondile mayelana nokuthi ubani okufanele ahlolwe ukuhola futhi uma esekelwe ezenzweni nezingozi zezindawo eziphezulu zokuhola phakathi kwabendawo. Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukuthi zonke izingane zihlolwe amazinga aphezulu okuhola ngaminyaka eyi-1 noma 2, kanye nezingane ezinengozi ephezulu yokuhola ubuthi-njengalabo abaza e-United States besuka kwelinye izwe noma izingane ezizalwa ngamama amazinga okuhola igazi-ahlolwe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo
Uma kunesizathu sokusola ukuthi uhola ubuthi, udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze abheke izimpawu nezimpawu zobuthi.
Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba njengoba umhola ukhula emzimbeni, ugcinwa emathanjeni.
Kuphela egazini okwesikhashana ngemuva kokuvezwa, okusho ukuthi umuntu oxhumana naye ohola isikhathi eside angaba nezinga eliphakeme lokuhola emzimbeni wabo ngisho noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubuya okujwayelekile. Ukuhlola ngokomzimba kungase kubambe izibonakaliso ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ayikwazanga.
Noma kunjalo, ngoba amantombazane amaningi aphethwe yi-poisoning ayibonakali noma yiziphi izimpawu, ukuhlola ngokomzimba kungase kunganele ukuyibona. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuseseyithuluzi elibalulekile futhi eliyisisekelo elisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukuhogela ubuthi.
Amalebhu
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuvivinya udoti oluholayo ukuhlolwa kwegazi, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-BLL (i-level lead level). Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa kwegazi ezingabonisa ukuthi umuntu unesilinganiso esiphakeme segazi: ukuhlolwa komunwe okuphambene nokudweba kwegazi.
I-Capillary Blood Sample
Le ndlela yokuhlola isebenzisa umunwe owodwa wokuthatha isampula encane yegazi, okwenza kube indlela elula futhi elula yokuhlola amazinga aphezulu okuhola. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka ukuthi lezi zampula zingangcoliswa ngokuhola kusuka emvelweni kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-skew ukuze kubonakale sengathi amazinga okuhola aphezulu kunalokho akhona.
Unganciphisa ubungozi bokungcoliswa ngokuthatha izinyathelo eziqaphile, njengokuhlanza izandla kanye namanye amasu, kodwa imiphumela ephezulu yokuhola izodinga ukuqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwezinga eliphezulu elibhekele igazi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, le ndlela ayidukiswa kaningi, naphezu kokulula kwayo.
Ukuvivinywa Kwamazinga Okuhola Kwegazi
I-blood draw kusuka emithanjeni iyisivivinyo esiwusizo kakhulu nokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwamazinga aphezulu okuhola, kodwa kudinga ukuba i-phlebotomist eqeqeshiwe ithathe futhi isetshenziswe isampula ukuze igweme ukungcola ngokuhola emvelweni. Le ndlela ivame ukuhlolwa okuthandwayo ukuhlola amazinga aphezulu okuhola ngoba ijwayele ukuthembeka kakhulu kunokuhlolwa komunwe oyigugu.
Uma umuntu enezinga eliphethe igazi le-5 μg / dL (ama-micrograms amahlanu nge-deciliter), kubhekwa ukuthi banezinga eliphezulu eliphethe igazi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, odokotela bazobe baqinisekisa umphumela ngokuhlolwa kwesibili noma kuphi kusukela ngokushesha kuya ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-3, kuye ngemiphumela yokuqala.
Uma ngabe ukuhlolwa kubuyele emuva ngamazinga aphezulu, udokotela uzoyibika emnyangweni wezempilo wendawo bese ehamba ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo nomndeni ngalokho abangakwenza ukuze banciphise amazinga wegazi futhi bayeke ukuvezwa kokuhola. Uma kwenzeka amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okuhola (45 μg / dL noma ngaphezulu), ukwelashwa okuphambili kungadingeka, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
X-ray
Ezimweni lapho izingane zikhona izimpawu zokuhogela utshwala, amazinga aphezulu egazini ahamba phambili, kanye / noma umlando we-pica-okungukuthi, ukudla izinto ezingezona ukudla njengokungcola noma ukudweba izinkukhu- kunconywa ukuba i-X-ray ithathwe kwesisu hlola izinto zangaphandle. Uma izindiza eziqinile zibonakala kwi-X-ray ukubonisa ukuthi ingane ifake izinto eziphethe, abahlengikazi bazovame ukusebenzisa inqubo yokunquma ukuchelela, noma "ukuphuma," amathumbu, ukususa imithombo engase ibe khona yokuvimbela noma yokuvimbela ekubeni ithathwe ngumzimba.
> Imithombo:
> Ikomidi Lezincomo Ekubambeni Ukuhola Ukwehla Kwamathambo. Ukwehliswa kwezinga eliphansi lokuhola lilimaza izingane: Ikholi evuselelwe yokuvikela okuyisisekelo . 2012.
> I-Agency ye-Toxic Substances kanye ne-Registry Registry. Ubuthi obuholayo: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo nokuhlola.
> I-American Academy of Pediatrics. Ukuvinjelwa kwengane kubangela ubuthi. 2016.