Wonke umuntu ogulayo, umnakekeli, kanye nochwepheshe wezokwelapha sebezwile igama elithi HIPAA, kodwa bambalwa abakuqonda ngempela ukuthi kusho ukuthini ngaphandle "amaphepha amaningi okugcwalisa futhi asayine" nokuningi "itayipi elibomvu. Ngakho lokho kuholela kumbuzo, "yikuphi i-HIPAA noma kunjalo?"
Inhloso yalesi sishwankathelo ukucacisa inkinga kulabo abasemnyama mayelana nokuthi "yikuphi" nokuthi "kungani" kwe-HIPAA.
Ini
I-HIPAA inencazelo ye-Health Information Portability Act and Accountability Act futhi yenziwa ngo-1996. Iphoqelelwa yiHhovisi LamaLungelo Emisebenzi Kahulumeni wase-United States. Kuyisethi yemihlahlandlela kahulumeni eyenziwe ukuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bathathe umshuwalense wabo wezokwelapha uma behamba nomqashi, bavumele abantu ukuba bathole umshuwalense wezokwelapha naphezu kwezimo zangaphambili (ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile), nokubeka izindinganiso zobumfihlo zempilo yesiguli ulwazi.
Kodwa linda, kukhona okuningi; Umthetho We-HIPAA Wobumfihlo "uvikela ubumfihlo bemininingwane yezempilo ebonakalayo", I-HIPAA Security Rule "ibeka izindinganiso zikazwelonke zokuphepha kolwazi lwezempilo lwe-elekthronikhi", kanye noMthetho Wokuphepha Weziguli, ovikela "ulwazi olubonakalayo olusetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya imicimbi yokuphepha yeziguli futhi uthuthukise ukuphepha. "
Ubani
Ngakho-ke, ubani okufanele ahambisane nemithetho ye-HIPAA? Ngokuyinhloko, noma yimuphi umhlinzeki wezokwelapha ohambisa ulwazi lwesiguli ngekhompyutha, noma yimuphi inkampani ekhokhela konke noma ingxenye yokunakekelwa kwempilo yesiguli, nanoma iyiphi inhlangano ephethe amarekhodi wezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kuhle kakhulu wonke umuntu ophethe imininingwane yesiguli.
Nakuba kungase kusho umsebenzi omningi kwabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, lezi zenzo nemithetho zaqalwa njengendlela yokuvikela umphakathi nokuthi ngabe uyabathanda noma uyazonda, zigunyazwa ngokusemthethweni futhi ukuthobela kuyadingeka.
Kungani
Sihlose ngokuyinhloko ukuthi yi-HIPAA, futhi ngubani okufanele ahambisane nalo, kodwa kubonakala sengathi kunezinqubo eziningi kangaka okufanele zilandelwe, ihhovisi lezokwelapha linesikhathi sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zesiguli uma zisebenzisa isikhathi esiningi ukuze uqiniseke bavumelana?
Eqinisweni, uma lezi zivikelo zikhona, uma nje wonke umsebenzi ekwazi ukuphatha ulwazi ngendlela efanele, kulula kakhulu. Ukuthola lezo zivikelo endaweni kungadla isikhathi futhi ukungahambisani kungabiza.
Izinhlawulo, izinkantolo, ngisho nesikhathi sokuboshwa kwezinye izimo ziphakathi kwezinhlawulo zokungahambisani noma ukuphulwa komthetho we-HIPAA. Izinhlawulo zingasetshenziswa ngokubambisana noma ngokuzimele kuye ngezimo nokulahlekelwa kwemali ngokuqinisekile emitholampilo nabasebenzi bayo abatholakali abangahambisani. Lokhu kufakazela isidingo somsebenzi ojwayelekile ehhovisi lezokwelapha mayelana nokuphathwa kolwazi lwezempilo olubonakalayo.
Nini
Noma yiliphi ihhovisi lezokwelapha noma isikhungo kufanele livumelane lapho ziqala ukusebenza. Kodwa-ke, lawo mahhovisi kanye nemikhuba ebeyenze ebhizinisini ngaphambi kwalowo Mthetho banikezwa isikhathi sokuthi bahlangane ngendlela. Umthetho Wokubuyiswa Nokubuyiswa KweMelika ka-2009, okuyingxenye yomthetho we-HITECH wanikezela ukuthi iMpilo NezoNgenhlalakahle zizohlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kwamabhuku okuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amabhizinisi asebenzayo agcinwe yizigunyaziso. I-Office of Civil Rights yaqala uhlelo lokuhlolwa kwamabhuku ngoNovemba ka-2011 ukuthi kwakuzoqhubeka kuze kube nguDisemba ka-2012, ukwenza "ukuhlolwa okuyi-150 ukuze kuhlolwe ukugcinwa kwemfihlo nokuvikeleka." Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengendlela yokubamba amahhovisi angazange ukudonsa umugqa, kodwa okuphambene kwakuyiqiniso. Lokhu kutholakala kuzosetshenziselwa ukuhlola imizamo yokuhambisana ne-HIPAA, inikeza ulwazi ngemikhuba emihle, izingozi, kanye nokukhubazeka okungase kungaziwa noma kubhekwe.
Kanjani
I "kanjani" ye-HIPAA ayikwazi ukuboniswa kalula ngokubukwayo okusheshayo ngenxa yokuthi imininingwane ebalulekile. Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokuxhumana kwakho kwe-interoffice, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ukufaka ishadi, ukwabelana ngolwazi kanye nesidingo sokukhokhisa ukuthi izidingo zakho ezithile zixazululwe uma ucabangela ukuthi ungaba kanjani i- HIPAA- nokuthi lokho kusho ukuthini ehhovisi lakho. Kunemithombo eminingi eningi engasiza ekusunguleni le mininingwane. I-HHS.gov inezihloko ezinhle nezinsiza zokuchaza izinselele zomthetho kanye nazo zonke izinsimbi kanye namakhongo ahamba nayo.