30 Imithi Ejwayelekile Yabazali Abantwana Abavamile

by UVincent Iannelli, MD, udokotela oqinisekiswe yibhodi

Izidakamizwa Eziningi Ezibhalisiwe Zengane Nezingane

Uhlu lwemithi enqunyiwe kakhulu yezingane kanye nentsha ingakusiza uqonde imithi izingane zakho ezingase zibekwe yidokotela wezingane zakho. Lolu hlu luvela ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha enkulu yemithi kadokotela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa. Ama-antibiotics aphezulu ohlwini, nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwabo kunqatshiwe phakathi neminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yesifundo.

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi awekho amaconsi e-pink iso, njengePolyrrim, iVigamox, noma i-Moxeza, lolu hlu luqondene nokuthi yini ongayilindela kumhlengikazi weziguli. Ngokufanelekile, uzobona izikripthi eziningi ezimbalwa zokudambisa ubuhlungu be-narcotic kanye nezikripthi eziningi ze-inhalers yokuhlanganisa ukusiza ukulawula i-asthma, njenge-Advair, iDulera, ne-Symbicort.

1 -

Amoxicillin

PhotoAlto / Antoine Arraou / Getty Izithombe

Akufanele kusimangaze ukuthi imithi ejwayelekile kakhulu eyabelwe izingane. I-Amoxil (i-amoxicillin) ayithengi kakhulu njengesidakamizwa esijwayelekile futhi ivame ukubekezelela kahle. Ingakwazi ukuphatha imfudu yomgogodla kanye ne-pneumonia yobuntwana, izifo zezindlebe, nokutheleleka kwe-sinus, ikakhulu uma isetshenziswe kumazinga aphezulu kakhulu.

2 -

I-azithromycin

Enye imithi elwa namagciwane, i-Zithromax (i-azithromycin) itholakale njengesijwayelekile. Kunomsebenzi wokuba kanye kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu, izinsuku ezintathu (izifo zendlebe), noma ngisho umthamo owodwa (izifo zendlebe).

3 -

I-Albuterol

Isidakamizwa sokuqala ohlwini olungewona i-antibiotic, i-albuterol i-bronchodilator esetshenziselwa ukukhulula izimpawu ze-asthma. Itholakala ngesimo se-nebulizer futhi njenge-inhaler yesilinganiso semitha (ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, njll). Ifomu lesiraphu le-albuterol livame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yizingane eziningi.

Isixazululo se-Albuterol nebulizer imithi engabizi. I-Albuterol i- inhalers ye-asthma iyabiza kakhulu. Kukhona i-Ventolin HFA inhaler enezinhlelo ezingu-60 kuphela (vs 200 kwezinye izinhlayiya eziningi) ezingabizi kakhulu.

4 -

Amoxicillin / Clavulanate

I-Augmentin (i-amoxicillin / i-clavulanic acid) ihlanganisa i-amoxicillin ne-β-lactamase inhibitor potassium clavulanate ukusiza ukunqoba amabhaktheriya angenamandla. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo zendlebe, izifo zesinus, izifo zomoya, izilonda ezithathelwanayo, kanye nezifo zomlomo. I-Augmentin ye-high-dose (i-Augmentin ES) iyatholakala futhi ukusiza ukuphatha izifo ezithintekayo ze- Streptococcus pneumononiae .

5 -

Cefdinir

I-Omnicef (cefdinir) yi-cephalosporin yesizukulwane esilandelayo esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo zesinus, izifo zezindlebe kanye ne-pneumonia. UCefdinir akavame ukubhekwa njengendlela yokwelapha lokuqala. Ngokuvamile, i-cefdinir iyabiza kakhulu kunamanye ama-antibiotic.

6 -

I-Cephalexin

Ngokungafani neminye eminye imithi elwa namagciwane kulolu hlu, uKeflex (cephalexin), unezinyathelo ezincane kakhulu zokwenza, ukwelapha imfucuza, izifo zesikhumba (i-cellulitis kanye ne-impetigo), kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo namathambo, njll Yi-cephalosporin yesizukulwane sokuqala . Itholakala njenge-generic engabizi.

7 -

I-Fluticasone

I-Fluticasone iyi-steroid eyisithako esiyinhloko emithini eminingi ehlukene, kuhlanganise neFlonase nasal spray (generic), i-Flovent MDI, Yenza ukhilimu namafutha (generic), ne-Veramyst spal spray. Ngokuya kokubunjwa, ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha izingane ezine-eczema, imithi, kanye / noma i-asthma, njll. I-generic fluticasone propionate nasal spray manje itholakale ngaphezu kwe-counter futhi ingenye yemithi engabizi kakhulu yokugulisa imithi.

8 -

I-Prednisolone I-Sodium Phosphate

Itholakale kokubili isiraphu engu-25 milligram / 5 milliliter kanye nesiraphu engu-15 milligram / 5 milliliter, i-prednisolone iyi-steroid eyetshezi ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-flame-ups we-asthma, ubuthi obubangelwa yi-ivy, i-croup, nezinye izifo ezithinta i-corticosteroid.

9 -

Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen yisidakamizwa esingafuni ukuvuvukala (i-NSAID) esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphatha imfiva , ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ezinganeni. Nakuba kutholakala ngaphezulu kwe-counter (i-Motrin ne-Advil), kunamakhombandlela we-ibuprofen.

10 -

I-Singulair (i-Montelukast Sodium)

I-Singulair (i-montelukast sodium) iphikisana nomdlavuza we-leukotriene futhi ivunyelwe ukuvimbela nokwelapha i-asthma, ukuvimbela i-asthma yokuzivocavoca umzimba, nokunciphisa izimpawu ze-rhinitis ye-allergen kanye ne-endemic rhinitis. Manje itholakale njengesijwayelekile.

11 -

I-Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole

I-Bactrim noma i-Septra (i-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole) yi-antibiotic endala esebenzisa kakhulu ukuphatha izifo zokungena kwamanzi, ngaphandle uma ukumelana kungase kube yinkinga. Ibuye isetshenziswe kaningi manje ukuphatha izifo ezithintekayo ze-methicillin staph aureus ( MRSA ).

12 -

I-Codeine Phosphate / i-Acetaminophen

Lokhu kuyisifo sokuhlukunyezwa nge-narcotic ne-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen). I-FDA ixwayisa ukuthi i-codeine kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma izinzuzo ziyobe zikhulu kakhulu izingozi, ezingabandakanya ukulala okungavamile, ukudideka, ukuphefumula okungapheli, nezinye izibonakaliso zokudlula ngaphezulu kwe-morphine.

13 -

I-Bitrodone ye-Hydrocodone / i-Acetaminophen

Lokhu kuyinxephezelo yokuhlunguphaza nge-narcotic ne-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen) engcono kakhulu kune-codeine.

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Mupirocin

I-Bactroban (mupirocin) iyi-antibiotic eyinhloko ejwayele ukubekwa ukuze ilashwe izifo zesikhumba ezinjenge- impetigo . Nakuba kokubili ukhilimu we-mupirocin namafutha okubili kutholakala njengama-generics, amafutha we-mupirocin ayabiza kakhulu kunekhilimu.

15 -

Nystatin

Abazali abaningi bajwayelene noNystatin, imithi e-antitifungal esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zesilonda, kuhlanganise ne-thrush kanye ne-raspal diaper.

16 -

I-Methylphenidate

I-Methylphenidate yigama elijwayelekile leklasi lezinto ezikhuthazayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuphatha izingane nge-ADHD, futhi ezibandakanya uRitalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Methylin, neMetadate, njll Amanani emikhiqizo ye-methylphenidate ingahluka.

17 -

Dextromethorphan / Phenylephrine / Chlorpheniramine

Lokhu ukukhwehlela komzimba kanye nemithi ebandayo, ngokucindezela ukukhwehlela, i-decongestant, ne-antihistamine. Ngenkathi lokhu kubonakala sengathi kunomuthi odumile wokushisa obandayo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo zokukhwehlela nemithi ebandayo ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-4 kuya kweyisithupha. Abaningi baxwayisa ngokusebenzisa imithi ehlanganisiwe, kunalokho batusa ukuthi usebenzise imithi ebandayo eqondisa izimpawu zomntanakho ekubunjweni okufanele iminyaka. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisi inhlanganisela yokukhwehlela nesiraphu ebandayo uma ingane yakho idinga kuphela i-decongestant.

18 -

I-Mometasone

I-Mometasone iyisithako esisebenzayo ku-Nasonex nasal spray, i-Elocon ukhilimu namafutha (generic), ne-Asmanex Twisthaler.

19 -

I-Triamcinolone

Enye i-steroid, i-triamcinolone iyisithako esisebenzayo ku-Nasacort AQ yama-nasal spray ne-triamcinolone i-acetonide ukhilimu namafutha. I-Triamcinolone i-acetonide cream (TAC) ingenye yemithi engabizi kakhulu yokwelapha ama-eczema flares nezinye izinsalela zesikhumba. I-nasacort spray nasal iyatholakala njengendlela ejwayelekile futhi manje isiphezulu.

20 -

I-Prednisone

I-Prednisone isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinkinga eziningana ze-corticosteroid-eziphendulayo ezinganeni. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isetshenziselwa imithi encane isikhathi esincane ukuphatha ama-flame e-asthma, ubuthi obubuhlungu obubuhlungu , kanye ne-croup.

21 -

Fluoride Sodium

Kuzinsana nezingane ezingenakho ukufinyelela kwamanzi kampompi, i-supplementary fluoride ingaba yindlela ebalulekile yokugcina amazinyo abo aphilile futhi avimbele ama-caries wamazinyo.

22 -

Ama-multivitamine Ane-Fluoride

Ngaphandle kwama-fluoride supplements, uma kunesidingo, izingane zingathatha i-multivitamin ne-fluoride. Ngaphandle kwe-fluoride, lokhu kuvame ukufaka u-vitamin A, D, no-C, futhi ngezinye izikhathi insimbi.

23 -

Amphetamine / Dextroamphetamine

I-Adderall ne- Adderall XR yigama lamagama kuleli klasi lezinto ezikhuthazayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD. Izinguqulo ezijwayelekile zokukhululwa kwe-Adderall kanye ne-extension-release Adderall XR ziyatholakala.

24 -

I-Hydrocortisone

I-Hydrocortisone i-low-potency i-static steroid etholakala njengamafutha, ukhilimu, i-lotion, i-gel, nakwezinye izinhlobo.

25 -

Budesonide

I-Budesonide iyi-steroid etholakala njengePulmicort Respons (generic), i-Pulmicort Flexhaler, ne-Rhinocort ye-spal nasal. I-Rhinocort spray yamanzi iyatholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter.

26 -

I-Ciprofloxacin / Dexamethasone

I-Ciprodex yigama lomkhiqizo wale nhlanganisela ye-antibiotic ene-steroid evame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha indlebe yokudoba kanye nokutheleleka indlebe phakathi kwabantwana abane-eardrum noma ama-tubes endlebe. Ayikho inguqulo yama-generic ye-Ciprodex, kodwa umkhiqizi unikeza isaphulelo se-Ciprodex esheshayo.

27 -

Promethazine

Kutholakala njengama-suppository, amaphilisi, kanye nesiraphu, i-Phenergan (promethazine) ingasetshenziswa ukuvimbela nokulawula ukuhlukumeza nokuhlanza. Ukuxwayiswa ukuthi "kungabangela ukuphefumula ukuphuza noma ukuyeka, futhi kungabangela ukufa ezinganeni," kufanele kube nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo manje, ikakhulukazi njengoba odokotela abaningi bezingane bekaZofran esikhundleni.

28 -

I-Prednisolone

I-Prednisolone iyi-steroid ye-liquid ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-flame-ups we-asthma, ubuthi obubi bokuphendula, i-croup, nezinye izifo eziphendulayo ze-corticosteroid.

29 -

Antipyrine / Benzocaine

Futhi ngokubizwa nje ngokuthi amaconsi a-A / B otic, lawa amaconsi endlebe angasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle okungahambisana nokutheleleka indlebe.

Ngeshwa, iningi lalingekho i-FDA evunyelwe futhi i-FDA yamemezela izinyathelo zokuphoqelela abakhiqizi ngo-2015. Ngokusho kwe-FDA, "Amaconsi endlebeni engavunyelwe engavumelekile aqukethe izithako ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-benzocaine ne-hydrocortisone futhi angahloliswanga yi-FDA ngokuphepha, ukusebenza , kanye nekhwalithi. Amalebula kule mikhiqizo awadalula ukuthi ayinayo imvume ye-FDA, kanti ochwepheshe bezempilo bebengase bangazi isimo sabo esingavunyelwe. "

30 -

Lisdexamfetamine

I-Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) yigama le-class of stimulant elisetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD. Ayitholakali njengesijwayelekile. Ungathola isigqebhezana seVavvanse.

> Umthombo:

> Chai G, Governale L, Mcmahon AW, Trinidad JP, Staffa J, Murphy D. Amathrendi e-Outpatient Prescription Drug ku-US Children, 2002-2010. Izingane zokwelapha . 2012; 130 (1): 23-31. i-doi: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2011-2879.

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