Ukuqonda Isifuba Sengane
I-asthma inhalers yindlela elula yokuthola imithi ye-asthma emaphashini wengane. Nakuba i-nebulizer ingase ibe lula ukuyisebenzisa, abazali abaningi nezingane abathandi ukuthi bangathatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuletha ukwelashwa kwesifuba.
I-Asthma Inhalers
Ngeshwa, ngenkathi elula, i-inhalers ye-asthma kumele isetshenziswe kahle, idinga izinyathelo eziningi, uma zizophumelela.
Lokho kungenziwa lula ngokuhlanganisa i-inhaler ye-metered-dose ne-spacer noma isikhala esine-mask, kodwa i-inhaler ene-spacer kumele isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.
Ungase ungakwazi ukuphuma ekusebenziseni i-asthma inhaler, noma kunjalo, njengoba ezinye izidakamizwa ze-asthma zitholakala kuphela njenge-inhaler. Isibonelo, ngenkathi kunama-nebulized albuterol , i-levalbuterol (i-Xopenex), ne- Pulmicort (i-budesonide), iminye imithi eminingi yokwelapha i-asthma iyatholakala kuphela njenge-inhalers.
Izinhlobo ze-Asthma Inhalers
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-inhalers ye-asthma, kufaka phakathi ama-inhalers asebekhulile ama-inhalers (i-MDI) abantu abaningi abajwayelene nawo, kanye ne- inhalers emisha eyomile (DPI). Ngokuvamile, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-inhalers eyomile eyomile ayisebenziseka kalula ngoba imimoya iphefumula (imithi ayiphumeleli kuze kube yilapho usuphefumula), kuyilapho ama-inhalers e-metered afuna umsebenzisi ukuba aqondise ukuthatha umoya ojulile ngokuvuselela inhaler.
- i-inhalers ye-metered-dose (CFC) - i-inhalers ene-chlorofluorocarbons iye yaqedwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwemvelo
- i-inhalers ye-metered-dose (i-HFA) - i-CFC-mahhala ye-CFC-free hydro fluoroalkene propellant inhalers
- ukuphefumula kwe-metered dose inhalers (i-HFA) - kubiza ngaphezu kwama-MDIs
- i-inhalers eyomile epholile - ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho izingane zingenani iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha ubudala futhi zingathatha inhalation ejulile, enamandla. Izingane ezincane zivame ukuzama ukungena ku-inhaler, esikhundleni sokuphefumula.
Uma usebenzisa inhaler eyomile ephuzile, izingane eziningi ezincane zenza iphutha loku:
- ukubeka i-inhaler ngokungalungile
- ukhohlwa ukuthi uphume ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-inhaler
- hhayi ukuthatha inhalation ejulile, enamandla
- hhayi ukubamba umoya wabo cishe imizuzwana engu-10
- ukukhohlwa ukuphefumula kancane kancane emva kwalokho
Yiqiniso, kuvamile ukuba wenze amaphutha nge-metered-dose inhalers, futhi. Iphutha elivamile ukuthi izingane zikhohlwe ukuthatha i-slow, inhalation ejulile, ukuphefumula ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho.
I-inhalers ene-Spacers
Nakuba ingane yakho ingase isebenzise i-inhaler ye-metered-dose uma ineminyaka engaba ngu-6 ubudala, ingaba nomqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa i-spacer ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umthamo ogcwele emaphashini akhe.
I-spacer idivayisi encane engathinteka ku-inhaler futhi ingabandakanya ngisho nesisindo sezinsana, izinsana, nabasenkulisa abaneminyaka engama-4 ubudala noma abancane. Zihlanganisa ikamelo lokubamba eligcina umuthi okwehlukile kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ithatha umoya ukuze kungadingeki ukuthi iqondise ukuthatha umoya ngokuvuselela i-inhaler.
Ukukhulula i-Asthma Inhalers
Ukulondoloza i-asthma inhalers kufaka phakathi i-beta-agonists esheshayo eyenzekayo enganikeza ukuphumula okusheshayo lapho ingane yakho isifo se-asthma:
- I-ProAir HFA (i-albuterol inhaler)
- I-Proventil HFA (i-albuterol inhaler)
- I-Ventolin HFA (i-albuterol inhaler)
- I-Ventolin HFA 60 (i-albuterol inhaler)
- I-Xopenex HFA (i-levalbuterol inhaler)
- I-ProAir RespicClick (i-albuterol inhaler) - i-inhalation powder
Lezi zindlela zokulondoloza ezithombeni zijwayele ukusetshenziselwa kuphela ngesisekelo esidingekayo hhayi zonke izinsuku. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ingane yakho ibonakala idinga ukusebenzisa imithi yakhe yokuphumula ngokuphuthumayo okungaphezu izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
I-Maxair AutoHaler (i-pirbuterol inhaler), i-MDI ephefumula umoya isusiwe emakethe ngo-2013 ngoba yayinezinhlayiya ze-CFCs.
I-Asthma Inhalers evimbelayo
I-inhalers ye-corticosteroid enganyelwe yi-mainstay ye- asthma therapy yokuvimbela .
Ngokungafani ne-inhalers yokuphulukisa, okungahlinzeka ngokuphuthumayo ngokushesha izimpawu ze-asthma, i-steroid inhalers ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa nsuku zonke ukusiza ukuvimbela ingane yakho ukuba ingabonakali izimpawu ze-asthma.
Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi i-steroid inhalers, kunjalo, ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zezidakamizwa bungathinta indlela abambe ngayo. Ngokuvamile, labo abanesayizi encane yezinhlayiya, njenge-Aerobid, i-Alvesco, ne-Qvar, kufanele bafakwe ngcono emaphashini.
Mhlawumbe kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba usayizi wezinhlayiya nje ukuthola i-steroid inhaler futhi uyisebenzise kahle nsuku zonke:
- I-aerobid (flunisolide) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-6
- I-Alvesco (i-ciclesonide) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-12
- I-Asmanex Twisthaler (i-mometasone) - i-DPI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-12
- I-Flovent Diskus (i-fluticasone) - i-DPI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-4
- I-Flovent HFA (fluticasone) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-4
- I-Pulmicort Flexhaler (budesonide) - i-DPI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-6
- I-Qvar (beclomethasone) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-5
I-inhaler ngayinye iyatholakala ngamandla amaningi ukusiza ukuthola i-asthma yengane yakho ngaphansi kokulawula okuhle. Uma i-inhaler ye-dose ephansi ingasebenzi, ukuthuthela phezulu kumthamo ophakeme kungenzeka, isibonelo, ukunyuka kusuka ku-Qvar 40 kuya ku-Qvar 80.
Ezinganeni ezinomqondo olinganiselayo wezifo eziphuthumayo ezingalawulwa nge-steroid engatholakali, i-inhaler ehlanganisa i-steroid ne-beta-agonist esebenza isikhathi eside ingasiza. Lawa ma-inhalers afaka:
- I-Advair HFA - (i-Flovent + Serevent) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-4
- I-Advair Diskus - ifomu le-DPI le-Advair - elivunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-4
- I-Dulera - (i-Asmanex + Foradil) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-12
- I-Symbicort - (i-Pulmicort + Foradil) - i-MDI evunyelwe izingane okungenani ezingu-12
Uma i-asthma yengane yakho ilawulwa kahle ngenkathi usebenzisa i-inhaler inhlanganisela, khuluma nodokotela wezingane ukuze ubone ukuthi kungaba nini isikhathi sokunciphisa ukwelashwa kwengane yakho ukuze isebenzise kuphela i-steroid inhaler.
Yini Okungazi Nge-Asthma Inhalers yezingane
Mhlawumbe into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi nge-asthma inhalers yengane yakho ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke uwasebenzisa uze utshele udokotela wezingane ukuthi uwamise. Uhlelo lokusebenza nge-asthma lungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungasebenzisa nini ama-inhalers yengane yakho kanye nama-aphoyintimenti avamile wokulandela.
- Letha yonke inhalers yakho yengane yakho uma ubona udokotela wezingane zakho ukuze bazi ukuthi imithi yakho ithatha imithi futhi ingane yakho ingabonisa ukuthi inqubo yakhe (noma empofu) inhle kangakanani noma i-inhalers yakhe.
- I-inhalers ye-asthma ingabiza futhi kokubili izindleko nokubuyiselwa yinkampani yakho yomshuwalense kungaba yizinto ezibangela ukuthi ingane yakho isebenzisa inhaler. Uma inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ine-formulary yezidakamizwa, cabanga ngokuletha uhlu lwezinkanyezi ezifunwa yi-asthma inhalers ukuvakashelwa nodokotela wezingane zakho.
- Ukwengeza nokuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ephathekayo, ukusebenzisa i-asthma inhaler kuyashesha kakhulu kunokwelashwa kusuka ku-nebulizer.
- Ama-inhalers amaningi amaningi asetshenzisiwe ngaphandle kwelebula (ngokumelene nemikhombandlela enconyiwe) ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu kunezinsuku ezivunyelwe ngazo.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ungeke ukwazi ukukhokhela ama-inhalers yengane yakho. Odokotela bezingane ngokuvamile babe namasampula kanye namakhuphoni ama-inhalers we-asthma noma angakwazi ukukusiza ngezinhlelo zosizo lwezokwelapha ezenziwa izinkampani eziningi ezidakamizwa manje.
Imithombo:
U-Adkinson: Ukuzivocavoca kweMiddleton: Izimiso Nokuzijwayeza, 7th .;
Dolovich MB, Ahrens RC, Hess DR, et al: Ukukhethwa kwedivayisi kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa kwe-aerosol: Iziqondiso ezisuselwa ebufakazini: I-American College of Chest Physicians / i-American College of Asthma, Ukuzivocavoca, kanye ne-Immunology. I-Chest 2005; 127: 335-371.
Haughney, John. Ukukhetha amadivaysi e-inhaler kubantu abane-asthma: Ulwazi lwamanje nezidingo eziphambili zokucwaninga. I-CME ye-Respiratory Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 3, 2010, amakhasi 125-131.
ULavorini, Federico. Ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa okungalungile kwe-powder inhalers eyomile ekulawuleni iziguli ezine-asthma ne-COPD. Imithi Yokuphefumula, Umqulu 102, Issue 4, Ephreli 2008, amakhasi 593-604.
I-NIH. Izikhombandlela Zokuzivocavoca Zokwelashwa Nge-asthma. Imihlahlandlela Yokuthola Ukuphathwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Asthma. 2007