I-APD akuyona nje kuphela ngezingane
Lapho kuxoxwa ngakho lapho kuhlolwa ingxoxo yokucubungula i-auditory, ngokuvamile inkulumo ikhuluma ngokuphathelene nezingane ezikhulile zesikole. Nokho; Abantu abaningi abadala baye babhekana nokuhlukumezeka kwengqondo yabo yonke impilo yabo. Kungenzeka ukuthi babe nezinkinga ngokufunda, ukuhlala ekilasini kanye / noma ukulalela ezimweni ezimnandi, kodwa akukho lutho olunzima kakhulu oluye lwadinga ukuthatha isinyathelo. Abantu abadala abaningi abane-disorder processing disorder (APD) baye baqaphela amasu noma izindlela ezikhethiwe zokuzikhandla ezibenza bakwazi ukusebenza kahle nge-APD.
I-disorder processing disorder iyinhlekelele yokuzwa komzimba, kodwa enye engabonakali njengokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ekubukeni kwesimiso noma nge-audiogram.
Izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zokuzwa azibonisi isithombe sobunzima
Abantu abaningi abadala badideka ukuhlukunyezwa kokucubungula ngokucubungula ngenkinga yokuzwa. Bayamangala lapho i-audiogram ibuya "njengokwejwayelekile" kodwa namanje bayazi ukuthi "abayizwa" ngokunembile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zenhlalo lapho kunomsindo wangemuva. Esikhundleni salokho, kuthinta uhlelo lokuzwa ngaphesheya kwendlebe, umsebenzi wakhe ukuhlukanisa umlayezo onenjongo kusuka kumsindo wangemuva ongadingekile futhi ulethe lolo lwazi ngokucacile kahle ezifundeni zobuchopho (isimiso senzwa esiyisisekelo). Uma sithola imilayezo yokuhlola ephikisiwe noma engaphelele, silahlekelwa yinye yezixhumanisi zethu ezibaluleke kakhulu nezwe nabanye abantu.
Njengoba abantu bekhula, izinkinga ezincane zokucubungula izindlu zikhula futhi zingathinta impilo yansuku zonke.
Isistimu yezinzwa zokucwaninga iphenduka kancane kancane nezimo ezineminyaka yobudala, okusho ukuthi ukulalela nokucubungula ulimi, ikakhulukazi ngomsindo wangemuva, kuyinselele kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-APD kubantu abadala?
Izimbangela ze-APD kubantu abadala zingabuka ku-genetics, ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda , nama-tumor ekunqatsheni ukuhlolwa (ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa okungalaleli) kanye nezinkathi ze-anoxia (ezingase zenzeke nge-TIA noma ngesifo sohlangothi ).
Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ayifakazi, njengezinye izikhuba zokufunda.
Izimpawu zamabhuku ezivame ukuhambisana nokulimala kwekhanda noma ukuthunyelwa kwe-concussve syndrome (i-PCS) ziyizintambo, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa komsindo, ukukhathazeka okuzwakalayo noma ukuzwakala ukuzwakala umsindo owaziwa nangokuthi i-hyperacusis, nobunzima bokucubungula ulwazi olubucayi, ngokuvamile ezikhathini zesikhathi nokuzwa ngezansi izindawo ezingcono kakhulu.
I-APD Izici kubantu abadala
- Ukulahleka okuphawulekayo okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-APD kunzima ukulalela phambi kwomsindo wangemuva noma indawo evuselelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kunciphisa, izindaba ezivame ukubikwa kubantu abadala abane-APD zihlanganisa:
- Kunzima ukulandela izinyathelo eziningi noma izinkomba eziyinkimbinkimbi.
- Ukunzima ukuxubusha okuningi ezimweni zokuhlola, isb, ukulalela nokuthatha amanothi.
- Ukupela, ukufunda, ukubhala izinkinga.
- Ukungabi nomculo ukwazisa.
- Izinkinga ngekhono lokuthola umthombo wesignali.
- Kunzima ukulandela ingxoxo ucingo.
- Kunzima ngokulandela izinkomba.
- Kunzima ngokukhuluma okusheshayo noma okunembile.
- Kunzima ukulandela izingxoxo ezinde.
- Kunzima ukufunda ulimi lwangaphandle noma ulwazi lobuchwepheshe lapho ulimi lungaveli noma olungavamile.
- Izinkinga zomphakathi-ubunzima "ukufunda" abanye / izinkinga zokukhulumisana nge-pragmatic.
- Izinkinga ezihlela ekhaya, emsebenzini, nakwezinye izindawo.
Ukwelashwa Nezivakashi
Njengoba sifunda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlukunyezwa kokucubungula kwabantu abadala kanye nezingane, izindawo eziningi zokuhlala zikhona. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwemvelo, njengokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-FM lokulalela kanye / noma izinsiza zokuzwa uma ukulahleka kokuzwa kukhona, kanye nokwelashwa okulungiswayo, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ubuchopho ezisebenzisa inzuzo yobuciko be-brain, ikhono lobuchopho ukuthuthukisa amakhono okucubungula kunoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Uma usola wena noma othandekayo une-processingory disorder disorder, thintana nomuntu we-audiologist ogxile ekuxilongweni nasekuphatheni i-APD yokuhlola.
> Imithombo:
> Patton, Judith. (1997) Ukuphila nokusebenza neCentral Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). LD Online .
> Bellis, Terri et al. (2005) Umbiko Wezobuchwepheshe (Ephakathi) Izinkinga Zokucubungula Ukuhlola. Ulimi lwe-American Speech, Hearing, nolimi .
> Museik et al (2010). I-American Academy of Audiology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Treatment and Management of Children and Adult with Central Auditory Processing Disorder. I-American Academy ye-Audiology.
Kubuyekezwe nguMelissa Karp, Au.D.