Ukuhlola Ukuxilongwa Okuphikisanayo
Uma uzibuza ukuthi unayo i-postconcussive syndrome (i-PCS), ukhona enkampanini enhle. Abantu abaningi banemibuzo mayelana ne-postconcussive syndrome, kubandakanya ochwepheshe bokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (TBI). Futhi odokotela abaningi banzima ukuvumelanisa ngisho ncazelo ecacile ye-postconcussive syndrome. Ngenxa yalokhu, ucwaningo ngalolu daba ludaka futhi ngezinye izikhathi luphikisana.
Ngokuvamile, incazelo ejwayelekile kakhulu evunyelwe ukuthi i-postconcussive syndrome iqukethe umuntu oye wahlushwa yi-TBI encane futhi uyaqhubeka ehlupheka ngenxa yalokhu okulandelayo:
- Inhloko , isizungu , i-malaise, ukukhathala, noma ukwehla ukubekezelelana komsindo.
- Ukwehliswa, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ikhono lomzwelo
- Ukugxila okuncane, inkumbulo, noma ubunzima bokuqonda
- Ukungalali
- Ukunciphisa ukubekezelelana kotshwala
Iningi labachwepheshe liyavuma ukuthi izimpawu kufanele ziqale kungakapheli amasonto amane emva kokulimala kwekhanda. Ngokuvamile, iningi labantu abane-postconcussive syndrome banezinkinga zabo ezixazulula ngokuphelele. Esikhathini esiningi lokhu kwenzeka phakathi namasonto okulimala kwasekuqaleni, cishe cishe kwezintathu zabantu abangenazo izimpawu zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu zengozi yabo. Ingqikithi encane kuphela yeziguli kuthiwa isenenkinga ngemuva konyaka. Iminyaka yobudala kanye nokulimala kwekhanda kwangaphambili yizinto ezibangela ukutakula isikhathi eside.
Futhi ukucindezela ukuxilongwa kwe-PCS yiqiniso lokuthi i-PCS ibelana ngezibonakaliso eziningi nezinye izimo, eziningi zazo, njengokucindezeleka kanye nokucindezeleka kokucindezeleka okulandela emuva, ezivamile kubantu abane-PCS. Futhi, izimpawu eziningi ze-PCS zikwabiwa ngabantu ngaphandle kokunye ukugula, noma ngokulimala kwenye indawo yomzimba.
Lokhu kuye kwaholela ezinye izazi ukuthi zibuze ukuthi ngabe i-post-concussion syndrome ikhona ngempela njengenhlangano ehlukile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abanezimpawu ezifanayo kepha ngaphandle kokulimala kwekhanda elivumelanisayo ngokuvamile akuchazi izinga elifanayo lokunciphisa ukuqonda, izinkinga zememori, noma ukuzwela okufana nalabo ababenesifo sofuba esincane.
Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi kungani abantu abanokulimala kwekhanda beqala lezi zimpawu. Ngokomlando, odokotela baphikisana ngokuthi ngabe imbangela ye-PCS yayiyinhloko ngokomzimba noma engokwengqondo, kodwa iqiniso cishe ukuthi i-PCS ihilela inhlanganisela kokubili izici zomzimba nezingokwengqondo. Phela, ubuchopho bubangela ukuhlangenwe nakho kwengqondo, futhi ukulimala emzimbeni kungabangela ushintsho lwezingqondo. Isibonelo, iziguli eziningi ezine-postconcussive syndrome azikho izisusa, okungenzeka zihlobene ngokuqondile nokulimala kobuchopho noma ezihlobene nokucindezeleka okuhambisanayo. Ngokufanayo, abanye odokotela baye baqaphela ukuthi iziguli ezine-post-concussive syndrome zivame ukugxila kakhulu ngezimpawu zabo ngendlela efana ne-hypochondria. Lokhu kungabangela abantu abane-PCS ukuba bagcizelele kakhulu izimpawu zabo, kepha ingabe ukukhathazeka kwabo ngandlela-thile kungabangelwa ukulimala ngokomzimba okwenziwa ubuchopho babo?
Abaningi babonakala bethakamisa ukuthi isikhathi eside isikhathi eside izimpawu ze-postconcussion syndrome zikhona, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi izici zengqondo zidlala indima ekhulayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kungabikezelwa ngomlando wokusebenzisa kabi utshwala, amakhono aphansi okuqonda, ukukhathazeka komuntu, noma inkinga yengqondo njengokucindezeleka komtholampilo noma ukukhathazeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingozi yezimpawu ezinde zaphinde zanda uma ukulimala kokuqala kuhlotshaniswa neGlasgow Coma Score noma ngaphezulu komlando we-trauma wangaphambilini.
I-Postconcussive syndrome iyinkinga yokuthola imithi, okusho ukuthi akukho ukuhlolwa okungeziwe okudingekayo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kukadokotela.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-positron emission tomography (PET) kuye kwabonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose ekunciphiseni ubuchopho ezigulini ezinesifo se-postconcussive syndrome, nakuba izinkinga ezinjengokucindezeleka zingabangela ukufana okufanayo. Izinga elivulekile liye labonisa nokungajwayelekile kubantu abane-PCS. Abantu abane-PCS nabo bathole ukuthi bayeke ukuncipha ngezibalo ezithile zokucubungula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngisho nangaphambi kokulimala kwekhanda, izingane ezine-postconcussive syndrome zinezimo ezimbi zokuziphatha kunezozibonakaliso zabo ezingazange ziphikelele ngemva kokuncintisana.
Ekugcineni, ukuxilongwa kwe-post-concussive syndrome kungase kungabaluleki kangcono kunokuqaphela izimpawu ezihilelekile. Ayikho enye yokwelapha ye-PCS kunokubhekana nezibonakaliso zomuntu ngamunye. Ukuphathwa ikhanda kungelashwa ngemithi yobuhlungu , futhi i-anti-emetics ingase isebenzise isizungu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi kanye nokwelapha kungasiza kakhulu izimpawu zokucindezeleka. Noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okungokomzimba kungabhekiswa nabathintekayo bokusebenza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lomgulayo lokusebenza kahle emsebenzini.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kubantu abaningi, izimpawu zangemva kwe-postconcussive zinciphisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bese zixazululwa, neqembu elincane kuphela labantu abanezinkinga ezigcina unyaka noma ngaphezulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphulukisa kungenzeka ukuthi igxile ekwelapheni izimpawu zomuntu ngamunye, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ezihambisana nalesi simo esibucayi.
Imithombo:
S Kashluba, Casey JE, Paniak C. Ukuqaphela ukusetshenziswa kwe-ICD-10 criteria yokuxilongwa kwe-postconcussion syndrome elandela ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo.J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2006 Jan; 12 (1): 111-8.
TW Allister, Arciniegas D (2002). "Ukuhlolwa nokuphathwa kwezimpawu zangemva kwe-postconcussive". I-NeuroRehabilitation 17 (4): 265-83.
MA McCrea. Ubunzima bokubamba ubuhlungu kanye ne-Postconcussion Syndrome: Isizinda Esisha Sokuboniswa Nokunakekelwa. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press, (2008)