Ukubheka ngokusuka kwesisu
Ukushaywa yisifo yisimo esivamile, esithinta abantu abangaba ngu-800 000 baseMelika nabantu abayizigidi ezingu-15 emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka. Nakuba zijwayele abantu abaningi ngamagama, iningi labantu abadala abangazange babathinteke ngengozi akukwazi ngempela ukuthi ubani ngempela-okunye okudingekayo, ikakhulukazi, ukuthi ukushaywa yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi yokwelapha.
Uma utshelwe ukuthi wena noma othandekayo ube nesifo sohlangothi, noma ukuthi kukhona engozini enkulu, eyodwa kungase kube yilapho okokuqala kudingeke ucabange mayelana nezinkinga ze-condition kanye nemiphumela yaso.
Yize ungase ufunde lokhu ngesikhathi esinzima, ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nokushaywa yisifo kungakusiza uthole isibambo esingcono esimweni sakho. Uma lokhu kungewona, ukuvuka ukusheshisa kulolu lwazi manje kungenzeka usuku olulunye lungalondoloza impilo yakho noma impilo yomuntu omaziyo.
Iyini isifo sohlangothi?
> Ama-clots egazi angakwazi ukuhamba ngegazi bese evimbela oksijini ebuchosheni.
I-stroke iyenzeka uma kunokuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi kuya esifundeni sobuchopho obangela ukulimala kobuchopho.
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Kusho ukuthini ukuphazamiseka okuncane?
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Ukwahlukana Phakathi Kokushaywa Kwesifo Sokushaywa Kwesifo Nokuthi I-TIA
Lokhu kungabangela ukusebenza komzimba okunciphile, amakhono okucabanga okukhubazekile, noma kokubili, nokuthi izinga lenzani lokhu liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yiyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho eyalimala kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo.
Kubalulekile ukugcina leyo ngxenye yokugcina engqondweni: Abanye abantu bangabhekana nemivimbo lapho imiphumela engathinti kakhulu kunabo abanamacala amakhulu kakhulu, futhi ngokufanayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Stroke
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemivimbo, ezahlukaniswa uhlobo lwenkinga yetshezi yegazi okwenzekile.
Ukushaywa kwe-Ischemic kubangelwa ukuvinjelwa komunye wemithwalo yegazi le-cerebral. Lokhu kungaba:
- I-thrombotic , uma kunesakhiwo se-thrombus (i-clot) ngqo ngaphakathi kwesitsha segazi
- I-Embolic, lapho i-clot yegazi ivela kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, njengenhliziyo, futhi ihambela ebuchosheni ebangela ukuvinjelwa kwesinye sezimbiza zayo
Izigameko ezihlaselwa yiziphazamiso zibangelwa ukuphuma kwesitsheni segazi futhi kubonakala ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni. Izigameko ezihlukumezayo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili:
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezigaba ezintathu ezinkulu zokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, okuhlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kusiphi isifunda sobuchopho esithintekayo.
I-Cortical Stroke (Isisindo Esikhulu Sogesi): I-stroke echaphazela i-cortex ye-cerebral ichazwa ngokuthi i- cortic stroke noma isisindo esikhulu somkhumbi . I-stroke ye-cortical ibangela ukulahlekelwa ekucabangeni, ukucabanga, ulimi, inkumbulo, ukunyakaza, ukuzwa, noma umbono.
Isikhwama esincane (I-Stroke encane yemikhumbi): I-stroke esifundeni esiyingqayizivele sobuchopho ibizwa ngokuthi yisisindo esincane semikhumbi . Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke lungabangela ukukhunjulwa kwememori, ubuthakathaka, ukulinganisa, noma ukulahleka okuzwakalayo.
I-Brainstem Stroke: I- brainstro stroke ingabangela umbono ophindwe kabili, ugozi, ukugwinya izinkinga, izinkinga zokuphefumula, noma ukukhwabanisa, kanye nokucubungula noma ukuphazamiseka.
Yini Ebangela Ukushaya Isisu?
Iningi labantu abane-stroke lihlelwe ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, eziningi zezimbangela zingavinjelwa noma zilawulwe futhi zibandakanya:
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Izifo ze-cerebrovascular
- I-carotid artery isifo
- I-hypertension
- I-hypertension engalungile
- Isifo sikashukela
- Ukubhema
- Ama-high cholesterol, amafutha, nama-triglyceride amazinga
- Ukukhuluphala
- Indlela yokuphila yama-sedentary
- Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile
- Izidakamizwa
- Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
- Izifo
- Yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo isifo
- Isifo esibucayi se-systemic
Imiphumela Ejwayelekile Yesikhathi Esivamile Sokushaya Isisu
Futhi, akuwona wonke umuntu obhekene nesifo sokushaya isifo oyobhekana nakho konke lokhu okukhathazayo noma enze kanjalo ezingeni elifanayo. Kodwa lolu hlu lwemiphumela evamile yesikhathi esigcwele kungenani likunike umqondo wokuthi indlela yokushaya isifo ingaba nomthelela kanjani:
- Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba
- Ubuthakathaka kolunye uhlangothi lobuso; ijwabu leso le-droopy
- Ukulahleka kombono noma ukulahleka kombono okuyingxenye
- Umbono kabili noma umbono obonakalayo
- Inkulumo emisiwe
- Ukuhluleka ukuqonda amagama noma inkathazo ngolimi
- Izinkinga zokulinganisela nezokuxhumana
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa komunye uhlangothi lomzimba noma ubuso
- Ukungabi nokuqwashisa kokuzungezile noma komzimba wakho
- Kunzima ngokuxazulula izinkinga
- Usizi, insizwa, nobuhlungu
- Ukungabikho kwe-Urinary
Kungani Ukushaywa Kwesifo Kungathinta Amakhono Angokwenyama Nengqondo?
Izindawo zobuchopho zilawula imisebenzi ethile yomqondo nomzimba. Ngenxa yendlela indlela imithwalo yegazi ehlelwe ngayo, imishanguzo ethile inikezelwa ekuhlinzekeni igazi ezindaweni ezichazwe ubuchopho. Uma umthambo othile uvinjelwe noma uvimba, isifunda sobuchopho esithola igazi kulowo mshini sithintekile. Ngenxa yalokho, imisebenzi elawulwa yaleso sifunda sobuchopho inqunyelwe. Ukushaywa yisisindo endaweni yomqondo yobuchopho kubangela ubuthakathaka, kuyilapho isifo esibucayi esifundeni sobuchopho sibangela ukulahlekelwa umbono.
Imephu yemithambo yegazi kanye nezizinda zabo eziphathelene nobuchopho zihambelana nomuntu ngamunye. Izifunda zobuchopho kanye nemisebenzi abalawulayo zifaneka kahle phakathi kwethu sonke, ngokuhluka okuncane kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ngenxa yalokhu kuqonda, imiphumela yengozi ingaveza ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho ethintekile kanye nokuthi yisiphi isitsha segazi esaphazamiseka.
Ukubona uhlobo lwesifo sohlangothi kungenye yezindlela ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakunakekela ngokuphumelelayo uma kwenzeka uzwa isifo.
I-Stroke Ingabangela Kanjani Ukulimala Kwebongo?
Ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yokushaya isifo kubangelwa uchungechunge lwezenzakalo zezinto eziphilayo ezenzeka lapho kunesifo segazi esanele esifundeni sobuchopho. Ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba igazi liqukethe oksijeni nezakhi ezidingekayo ukuze isisetshenziswa ngasinye sekhanda sisebenze ngendlela evamile. Ngisho nemaminithi ambalwa okuphazamiseka kwegazi ukuphazamiseka okwanele ukulimaza ubuchopho.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okwazi Ngayo Nge-Stroke
I-Stroke iyakwazi ukuvimbela
Izimbangela ze-stroke ziyaziwa kahle. Izimbangela eziningi zokuhlukunyezwa zihlobene nemikhuba yansuku zonke engalawulwa (njengokubhema) noma izimo zezokwelashwa ezingaphathwa (njengokucindezela okukhulu kwegazi, isifo sikashukela, nokukhuluphala.) Ukuvimbela isisu kudinga ukulungiswa kwemikhuba yokuphila, kanye nempilo emihle ukunakekelwa okuhloswe ekutholeni nasekulawuleni izimo zezempilo ezaziwa ukuthi ziholele ekushayweni.
I-Stroke Yisimo Esiphuthumayo Sezokwelapha
Uma wena noma omunye umuntu owaziyo ukuthi uhlangabezana nazo zonke izimpawu zokushaywa yisifo , kubalulekile ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba ukushaywa komzimba kungahlukahluka, kuyisinye sezimbangela eziyinhloko zokufa nokukhubazeka. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okusheshayo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela okubi kakhulu nokunciphisa izinga lokukhubazeka kwabaningi abasindile isifo.
I-Stroke Iyakwelashwa
Ukushaywa isisu kungaphathwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuqala kwezinkinga zesifo. Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo kudinga ithimba lezokwelapha eliqeqeshwe elingasabela ngokushesha ukunikeza imithi enamandla enganciphisa noma yokuguqula ukuvinjelwa kwegazi ngaphambi kokuba ibangele ukulimala kwengqondo. Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo njenge- tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) kanye ne -thrombolysis ye-intra-arterial iyatholakala kwezinye izikhungo zezokwelapha njengentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Ngisho nezinyunithi zomakhalekhukhwini zenza ukunakekelwa kwesifo ngokushesha futhi kufinyeleleke kalula.
Ukulimala kwesisindo akukwazi ukuguqulwa
Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kokulimala, khona-ke, ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa okwelashwa noma okuhlinzekayo okukwazi ukulungisa ubuchopho. Yingakho ukuvimbela ukushaywa isisu nokuphulukiswa okuphuthumayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bathola ukuthi ubuchopho buyakwazi ukuziphilisa ngokusebenzisa inqubo ebizwa nge-neuroplasticity. Nakuba ethembisayo, ayikho indlela yokuqondisa i- neuroplasticity ukukhuthaza ubuchopho ukuba buziphephe. Ukutakula isisu ngokuphathelene nokulondoloza impilo enhle ukuvumela ubuchopho ukuba buyifinyelele yedwa, bese 'ubukele futhi ulinde' njengokwelashwa nokuphulukiswa kwenzeka.
Ungasindisa Ukuphila Komuntu Omunye Uma Ufunda Indlela Yokuqaphela Ukushaya Isisu
Uma ungathatha imizuzu embalwa ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ubona kanjani izimpawu zesifo, ungagcina impilo yakho noma impilo yomunye umuntu uma kwenzeka ubhekana nesimo lapho isifo siba khona ngokuzumayo phambi kwakho. Hlola:
- Ukubuthakathaka okungazelelwe
- Umbono osheshayo ushintsha
- Ukudideka
- Ukuwa
- Ikhanda elibi kakhulu
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kwengxenye yomzimba
- Izinkinga zokukhulumisana noma zokuxhumana
Izwi elivela
I-stroke akuyona umqondo olula ukumboza ikhanda lakho nxazonke. Umthombo we-stroke ujulile emithanjeni yobuchopho, umonakalo ungcwatshwe emehlweni (nakuba ungabona imiphumela eminingi ehlobene), futhi izimpawu nemiphumela ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ukuqonda ukushaya isifo kunzima nakakhulu uma uzama ukukwenza njengoba ufunda ngokuxilongwa. Kodwa ukuqonda kabanzi mayelana nokushaywa komzimba kungakusiza ukuthi uthole kahle kangcono lokho wena noma othandekayo ongase ubhekane nakho manje, noma yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba nesifo sokushaya isisu kuqala.
Uma umthelela wesifo sohlangothi lujulile, yazi ukuthi ukuphila kungathuthuka. Nakuba kungase kube kuhle ukuthi izinto ngeke zifane nokuqala, ukuvuselelwa nokuvuselela kungakusiza wena noma othandekayo wakho ukuba abheke ikusasa ngokukhululeka nokuzethemba okukhulu.
Futhi khumbula: Ukuqaphela izimpawu zokushaywa yisisindo sokunakekela wena noma omunye umuntu, njengoba isikhathi sisekuseni uma kushaywa isifo. Ulwazi manje lungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umthombo:
I-Emprechtinger R, i-Piso B, i-Ringleb PA, i-Thrombectomy ye-strokes ischemic: izibalo zokuphindaphindiwe, ama-vasospasms, kanye nama-hemorrhages angaphansi komhlaba, i-Journal of Neurology, ngoJuni 2016.