I-toxin ye-Botulinum ivame ukubizwa nge-botox. I-Botox ingenye yamagama wemikhiqizo yezinto ezisetshenziselwa inqubo yokujova ephakanyisiwe ekunciphiseni ukubukeka kwemigqa emihle nemibimbi yobuso. Kunezinto eziningi ze-botulinum imikhiqizo ye-toxin eyenziwe ngabakhiqizi abahlukene. Lezi zixazululo ezingenakulungiswa ezenziwe nge-botulinum i-toxin yokulawula okwesikhashana imibimbi.
Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-botulinum ye-toxin injection yezinzuzo zezimonyozi kuyinto entsha. I-botulinum injection ye-toxin sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa ukulawula ubunzima be-muscle nokugxeka, okungahle kwenzeke ngenxa yezifo eziningana zezinzwa.
Izindlela zokwelapha ze-Botulinum Toxin
Imisipha esebenzayo
Kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezibonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza ngokweqile kwemisipha ethile, engakwazi ukukhululeka nge-injini ye-botulinum ye-toxin.
- Ubungqabavu bubhekene nemisipha emihle.
- Ama-muscle spasms ayenzeka lapho imisipha ihamba ngokuzumayo futhi ingenangqondo.
- Izingqinamba zenzeka lapho imisipha ivinjelwe khona esimweni esisebenzayo futhi ifinyeleleke kakhulu ukuhamba ngokuzithandela.
- Ukusabalalisa kwenzeka uma imisipha iba nzima.
Konke lokhu kuhamba kwemisipha kungaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi kungabangela nokulimala.
Ukuqina kwemisipha, imisipha ye-muscle, spasticity, kanye nezinkontileka kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo zezinzwa ezifana ne-cerebral palsy, ubuchopho obubulalayo noma ukulimala komgogodla, kanye nezinye izinkinga zokunyakaza ezifana nezifo zikaPasinson .
Lezi zinguquko zemizimba zingase zenzeke ngenxa yokushintsha kwesakhiwo sobuchopho nomgogodla, futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka komsebenzi okwesikhashana.
Abasindile isisu
Ngaphezu kobuthakathaka obangelwa ukushaywa yisisu, izinguquko zesisindo ezincane zingathinta nabasindile. I-Atrophy ukulahlekelwa kwezwi le-muscle kanye nenqwaba echaphazela imisipha ebuthakathaka, engasetshenzisiwe.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, abasindile abanesihlungu bangase bathuthuke ukuqina, ukuphazamiseka, ukusabalalisa , nezivumelwano. Lokhu kuyingxenye ebangelwa ukungasebenzi kwemisipha yesikhathi eside engasakwazi ukuhamba eyedwa ngenxa yesifo.
I-botulinum toxin yokugcina umchamo
Ngezinye izikhathi, i-botulinum isxin ingasiza uma unenkinga yokuvuthwa, njengokugcina umchamo noma isisindo se-neurogenic.
Kulezi zimo, imithi ijojelwa ngokuqondile ibe yimisipha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu elawula isisu ukuze kusize ukukhululeka kwemisipha ehilelekile ekuchama.
Kuyini i-Botulinum Toxin?
Ubuthi be-botulinum yi-neurotoxin enamandla eyenziwa yi-bacteria, i-clostridium botulinum. Ngokomlando, lokhu kwakubizwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuthi i-toxin ebulalayo eyayingatholakala ngokudla ukudla okungcolile nge-clostridium botulinum. Isifo esiphumela, esibangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwesifo somzimba kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha, kuthiwa yi- botulism . I-Botulism yisifo esibi, okuholela ekuphileni okusongela ubuthakathaka bemisipha kuwo wonke umzimba, kuhlanganise nemisipha elawula imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuphefumula.
Ngemuva kweminyaka yama-1950, ososayensi bahlakulela ikhono lokuhlukanisa ubuthi bese beyibeka ngokucophelela emisipha ekhethiwe ngokucophelela ekwelapheni izinkinga zezokwelapha ezifana nezimo eziphazamisayo zomzimba ezingase zenzeke ngemva kokushaywa yisisu noma ngenxa yezifo ezinzima ze-neurological such as cerebral palsy .
Yeka ukuthi i-Botulinum Toxin isebenza kanjani
I-poisonous botulinum, okuvela kuyo imikhiqizo yokuphumula emisipha egwenywayo, isebenza ngokuvimbela ukuxhumana okujwayelekile noma okungavamile phakathi kwenzwa ne-muscle- okubangela ukukhubazeka kwemisipha. I-toxin ye-Botulinum isebenza endaweni lapho inzwa ithumela khona umyalezo kumisipha.
I-nerf ijwayele ukuthumela umlayezo kumisipha ngokugqugquzela ukukhululwa kwe-neurotransmitter okuthiwa i-acetylcholine. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-acetylcholine ikhishwa uma inzwa ishukumisekile. I-Acetylcholine ibophezela kumisipha, ngokushesha iqala uchungechunge lwezenzakalo ezenza ukuba imisipha ifinyeze, noma inkontileka.
Uma izinkontileka zemisipha, zisesimweni esisebenzayo futhi esichazwa ngokuthi 'ukuhambisa imisipha.'
Kodwa-ke, lapho isidumbu sesiphelile-sishukumisekile ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwa isifo sezinzwa, singase sihlale esimweni sayo esisebenzayo ngisho nalapho kungadingeki, singakwazi ukuphumula.
I-botulinum toxin ivimbela ukuvinjelwa ngokuvimbela ukukhululwa kwe-acetylcholine. Lokhu kuphazamisa umsizi, ukuvumela ukuba uhlale endaweni ekhululekile.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba isifo esiyingozi se-botulism sibangela ukukhubazeka kwemisipha eminingi ebalulekile kulo lonke umzimba, ukujova kwe-toxin ye-botulinum kuhloswe ngokuqondile emisipha ephezulu. Uma uhlushwa yi-spasms, spasticity, kanye ne-contractions, ukuhlushwa kwamascle okuhlosiwe kuyinzuzo ngempela.
I-botulinum ye-botulinum ayinayo imiphumela yokwelapha futhi ayikwazi ukusiza ukubuyisela ubuchopho noma umsebenzi wesiphambano. Umphumela we-botulinum injection ye-toxin yesikhashana futhi ukujova kungadinga ukuphindaphindwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Nakuba akuyona ukwelashwa okuphakade, i-botulinum isxin inganciphisa ezinye izinkinga futhi kungase kube yindlela ewusizo kuwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-toxin efanelekile kufanele kujowe kuphela ngudokotela oqeqeshiwe onolwazi emjoqweni we-botulinum ye-toxin.
> Imithombo
> Ukwelapha nge-Botulinum I-toxin A ngokubalwa kwenani labantu abane-cerebral palsy - isifundo sokubhalisa amaqembu esiphezulu, u-Franzén M, Hägglund G, Alriksson-Schmidt A, BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Dec 11; 18 (1): 520. i-doi: 10.1186 / s12891-017-1880-y.
> Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile: ukuphumelela kwe-botulinum i-toxin ekuhambeni kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ku-spasticity emlenzeni we-post-stroke, iGupta AD, Chu WH, Howell S, Chakraborty S, Koblar S, Visvanathan R, Cameron I, Wilson D, Syst Rev. 2018 Jan 5; 7 (1): 1. i-doi: 10.1186 / s13643-017-0670-9.