I-Hepatitis A esuka ekudleni okuphuma - Okumele ukwenze uma ukhonjiswa
Ungakwazi yini ukubamba i-hepatitis A ekudleni kokudlela? Yini okufanele uyenze uma uzwa ngombono we-hepatitis A endaweni yokudlela oyidle khona? Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa uma uvezwa?
I-Hepatitis A nokudla
Ungathola i- hepatitis A ekudleni kokudlela, kodwa akukhona ukuthi ukudla kuvela ekudleni. Ungadluliselwa ku-hepatitis A ekudleni okulungiselelwe noma kuphi (ikhaya lakho, ikhaya lomngani, futhi, yebo, ngisho nesitolo sokudlela) uma umuntu olungiselela ukudla esenwe yisifo se-hepatitis A.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushisa kwesifo se-A kubangelwa igciwane elisakazeka kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu uma singageza izandla zethu. Kuyinto isifo- fecal-isifo okusho ukuthi igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho emlonyeni futhi lithengiswa emanzini. Abantu abathintekayo abangahlambululi kahle izandla ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yokuphumula bangadlulisa kalula igciwane kunoma yini noma labo abayithinta. Uma bekulungiselela noma bakhonza ukudla, bangabonakalisa noma ubani odla ukudla. Uma lokhu kungomndeni wezingane ezine, abantu abaningi abatholakali. Kodwa-ke, uma belungiselela ukudla kokudlela okumatasa, izinkulungwane zabantu zingabonakala. Uma ukuvezwa okunje kwenzeka, uvame ukuzwa ngakho ezindabeni zendawo.
Kungani Ngidinga Ukukwazi Uma Ukhonjiswa Ku-Hepatitis A?
Ngesabekayo, kuyinto enhle uma isifo sokushisa kwesifo sofuba A senza izindaba ngenxa yokuthi izikhulu zezempilo zifuna abantu abavelele ukuba babheke izimpawu futhi, uma kungenzeka, bathola umgomo wokugoma i- hepatitis A noma i- hepatitis A immune globulin ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-immune globulin, noma i-IG, iyisidakamizwa esinikeza amandla, kodwa isivikelo sesikhashana kubantu abavezwe ku-hepatitis A. Uma kuthathwe ngokushesha (kungakapheli amasonto amabili), kungakuvikela ngokugcwele ekubhekaneni nokuchayeka. Ukuvikelwa kuphela izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukuze uvikeleke isikhathi eside, udinga ukugoma kwe- hepatitis A.
I-Hepatitis A Immune Globulin vs I-Hepatitis A Isifo Sokuziveza
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungcono yini ukuthola umuthi wokugoma we-hepatitis A, noma esikhundleni somzimba we-immune globulin emva kokuvezwa. Ngokuvamile, labo abangaphansi kweminyaka eyodwa ubudala kanye nalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-41 kufanele bathole i-globulin ye-immune, kanti labo abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-12 no-40 kufanele bathole umgomo. Okuhlukile kufaka phakathi labo abaneminyaka eyizinyanga ezingu-12 neminyaka engama-40 abaye bancipha amandla omzimba ngenxa yomdlavuza, ukufakelwa komzimba, i-AIDS, noma ezinye izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba, kanye nalabo abanesifo esingenasifo sesibindi. Laba bantu kufanele bathole i-globulin ye-immune esikhundleni somuthi wokugoma kungakhathaliseki ukuthi baneminyaka engakanani.
Kufanele Ngikhathazeke Ngokudla Erestleni?
Akunjalo Empeleni. Uma izisebenzi zokudlela zilandela izindinganiso zokuhlanzeka ezifanele futhi zilandele imithethonqubo yezempilo yangakini, usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-hepatitis A ngokusebenzisa ukudla kokudlela. Izindawo zokudla eziningi ziqeqesha izisebenzi zabo ukuba zigeze izandla emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese kanti, kwezinye izindawo, abasebenzi kumele bagqoke amagilavu avuthiwe lapho bebenza nokudla. Ngenxa yemigomo yokudlela, ungase ube nokudla okuphephile endaweni yokudlela kunasekhaya.
Ngimvimbela kanjani i-Hepatitis A?
Ungavimbela ukushisa kwesifo sofuba A ngokusebenzisa ukugoma.
Kukhona imithi yokuphepha ye-hepatitis ephephile futhi ephumelelayo etholakalayo e-United States kunoma ubani oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ubudala. Le migomo ayimishanguzo engasebenzi (okusho ukuthi ayisebenzisi amagciwane aphilayo) futhi unikeze cishe iminyaka eyi-25 yokuvikelwa uma uthatha umthamo ogcwele wokugoma, okuyizibhamu ezimbili engalweni (noma ithanga labantwana abancane). Omunye umuthi, i-Twinrix, uhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokubili kwesifo sofuba A nesifo sofuzo B.
Izingane manje zivame ukugonywa phakathi kweminyaka engu-12 no-23. I-CDC iphakamisa ukugoma kulabo aba:
- Ziya emazweni lapho i-hepatitis A ejwayelekile khona
- Ingabe umuntu olala naye namanye amadoda
- Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
- Yiba nesifo esingelapheki sesibindi esinjenge-hepatitis B noma i-hepatitis C
- Ukuphathwa nge-clotting factor concentrates
- Sebenza nge-hepatitis A izilwane ezithathelwanayo noma ebhokisini lokucwaninga nge-hepatitis
- Uzoxhumana ngqo nomuntu owamanye amazwe ovela ezweni lapho i-hepatitis A ejwayelekile khona.
Akufanele uthole umuthi wokugoma we-hepatitis A uma unesifo esibi kakhulu, isifo esisongela ukuphila noma uma ungazizwa kahle.
Kwenzekani Uma Ngibonakaliswa I-Hepatitis A?
Naphezu kwemizamo yethu emihle ekuvimbeleni, ngezinye izikhathi sibhekene nesifo sofuzo esibhedlela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka endaweni yokudlela, cishe uzofunda ngalokhu ngokusebenzisa umthombo wezindaba wendawo. Udinga ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula:
- Thola izinsuku zokuchayeka. Uzokwehliselwa kuphela ku-hepatitis A uma udla esitolo sokudlela ngenkathi umuntu ophethe igciwane esetshenziselwa ukutheleleka. Umnyango wezeMpilo uzokwazi ngalesi sikhathi futhi uzokhathazeka kuphela ngabantu abadla endaweni yokudlela ngalesi sikhathi. Lezi zinsuku zibalwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokususelwa ekutheni zifakwe esikhathini sokutshala , ngakho-ke ngisho noma udle endaweni yokudlela eyodwa noma ezimbili ngaphambi noma emva kwezinsuku zokuchayeka, ulungile. Isikhathi sokufaka incubation esiphezulu se-hepatitis A siyizinsuku ezingama-28, ezinamalanga ama-15 ukuya kwangu-50.
- Xhumana nomnyango wezempilo, hhayi indawo yokudlela. Ezimweni eziningi, iminyango yezempilo yomphakathi yindawo engcono kakhulu yolwazi oluthe xaxa. Bayoba nezinsuku zokuchayeka kanye nezincomo ezisemthethweni ngalokho okufanele ukwenze. Ezinye iminyango yezempilo ine-vaccine ye-hepatitis A noma i-immune globulin. Iningi, noma kunjalo, lizokuncoma ukuthi ubone udokotela wakho.
- Thintana nodokotela noma umhlinzeki wakho. Uma umnyango wezempilo ukweluleka ukuba ulandele udokotela, yenza ukuqokwa kwakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Qiniseka ukuthi ulungele ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ubiza nokuthi yini izincomo zezempilo zomphakathi eziya kudokotela wakho. Uma udinga umuthi wokugoma noma i-immune globulin, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuyiyala kusuka kwenye inkampani ngoba odokotela abaningi abawagcini esitokisini.
- Gada izimpawu zakho. I-Hepatitis A iqala njenganoma iyiphi enye isifo sofuba esibindile. Abantu abaningi bangase babone ukuthi i-jaundice isifo sesifo sofuba , kepha isibonakaliso esisheshayo futhi abantu abaningi ngeke babonise i-jaundice nhlobo. Hlola uhlu olukhulu lwezimpawu ze-hepatitis ukuze wazi kahle ngisho nezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sofuba.
Imithombo:
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Hepatitis A VIS. Kubuyekezwe 07/20/16. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/hep-a.html
Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Izimiso zikaHarrison zemithi yangaphakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.