I-Thromboembolism yigama elingenalo igama elinikezwe isimo lapho i-clot yegazi eyenziwe ngaphakathi kwesitsha segazi (noma ngaphakathi enhliziyweni) ibuye ihambe, ihamba ngegazi, iphinde ixube enye imbiza yegazi, ebangela ukulimala komzimba.
Igama elithi "thromboembolism" lihlanganisa amagama athi " thrombus " nelithi " embolus ." I-clot yegazi efaka ngaphakathi kwisistimu ye-vascular ibizwa ngokuthi i-thrombus.
Uma iphuma, ihamba ngegazi, iphinde ilale kwenye indawo, leyo ngxube yegazi efanayo manje ibizwa ngokuthi i-embolus. "I-Thromboembolism" ihlanganisa inqubo yonke ibe yinye igama.
Isixhumanisi Phakathi kwe-DVT ne-Pulmonary Embolus
Uma odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi thromboembolism, ngokuvamile babhekisela ezimweni ezijulile zithandisi (DVT) kanye ne-pulmonary embolus. Ukuthi lezi zimo ezimbili zihlobene ngokuhlobene kakhulu negama elithi "thromboembolism" elidalwa kuqala.
Ku-DVT, ama-clots egazi akhula emilanjeni ejulile yemilenze. I-DVT ngokwayo ivame ukudala izimpawu ezinzima, ezifana nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokubomvu emlenzeni othintekile. I-DVT ivame ukuvela kubantu abaye behlezi noma bengenakulinganiswa isikhathi eside. Ibhanoyi elide elingaphandle kwezilwandle lapho abantu bagxila khona ezikhungweni ezingenakulungele amahora amaningi ngokuvamile beba ngamanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibonelo esivame kakhulu esinikeziwe.
Noma kunjalo, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-DVT zihlobene nezinkinga zezokwelapha ezisemqoka, ezifana nokuhlinzwa okwakamuva, umdlavuza , ukuphulwa kwethambo , ukushaywa umoya , ukukhubazeka noma ukuhlukumezeka. Ingozi ye-DVT iphinde iphakanyiswe nesifo senhliziyo, ukukhuluphala, nokubhema.
Ngenkathi i-DVT iyinkinga konke ngokwayo, ukubaluleka kwayo okuyinhloko ukuthi ngokuvamile kubangelwa i-pulmonary embolus.
Lokhu kungukuthi, ingxenye ye-thrombus eyakhelwe emilanjeni yomlenze ivulekile futhi ihamba ngesistimu enobulunga, ngakwesokunene senhliziyo, iphinde ibe emthonjeni wepulmonary lapho ibeka khona, futhi inqamula ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni ethile amaphaphu.
Ngenkathi i- pulmonary encane ingase ingabonakali kakhulu endleleni yezimpawu, ngokungajwayelekile ukuthi i-embolus ibangela izimpawu eziningana ezingase zihlanganise ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela nokuhlushwa igazi. Uma i-embolus inkulu ngokwanele ingaveza ukufa.
Ngokuvamile, lapho odokotela bethi "thromboembolism" basuke bebhekisela kule nkinga eyinkimbinkimbi ye-DVT kanye ne-actual pulmonary embolus noma ukwesaba ukuhlangana kwamapulmoni okuzayo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuvuthwa kwe-pulmonary kuvame ukuba yisimo esibucayi lapho kukhishwa i-DVT, odokotela ngokuvamile basebenza kanzima ukuze bahlolwe ngokuqinile futhi basebenzise ukwelapha ngokushesha ngezidakamizwa ze-anticoagulant .
Ukushaywa yisifo esibangelwa yi-Fibrillation ye-Atrial
Nakuba "i-thromboembolism" cishe isho njalo ukuthi i-DVT ne-pulmonary embolus kudokotela, kukhona olunye uhlobo lwe-thromboembolism - okuwukuthi isifo esiwumfutho esibangwa yi -fibrillation ye-atrial .
I-fibrillation ye-atrial iyinhlangano evamile ye-hearthythmia lapho i-blood clots ijwayele ukwakha ngaphakathi kwe- atrium yesokunxele senhliziyo.
(Okungukuthi, kukhona i-thrombus e-atrium kwesokunxele). Ngokuvamile, i-clot izobopha ebuchosheni, ikhiphe isifo. Ukuvimbela ukushaywa yisifo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekuphatheni umuntu one-frill fibrillation. Lokhu, eqinisweni, esinye isibonelo se-thromboembolism esibalulekile ukuqaphela.
Imithombo:
Izinkombandlela zokuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwe-embolism yamapulisi enamandla. Ithimba leMisebenzi ekuBumbeni kwePulmonary, European Society of Cardiology. I-Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1301.
I-Goldhaber SZ. Izingozi ze-thromboembolism enezinyosi. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 1.
UJanuwari CT, uWann LS, u-Alpert JS, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-AHA / ACC / HRS wokuphatha iziguli ezine-fibrillation e-atrial: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force emithethweni yokuziphatha kanye ne-Heart Rhythm Society. Ukujikeleza 2014; 130: e199.