I-aestrosclerosis yisifo esingapheli, esiqhubekayo lapho ama-plaque akha khona ezindongeni ze- arteries .
Lezi zimpawu zakhiwa yi-deposit of cholesterol nezinye i-lipids, i-calcium, namaseli amakhulu okuvuvukala okuthiwa ama-macrophages. Uma i-plaque ikhona emthini, ingabangela izinhlobo eziningana zezinkinga.
Okokuqala, ama-plaque angenelela emthini, ekugcineni abangele ukuvinjelwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele ekugezeni kwegazi.
U-angina oqinile uyisibonelo sesimo sezokwelapha esakhiwe yi-plaque ekhulayo kancane kancane.
Okwesibili, ama-plaque angabangela i-thrombosis engokwemvelo. I-thrombosis ye-arterial iyenzeka lapho i-plaque iphuma ngokuzumayo, kubangele i-thrombus (i-clot blood). I-thrombosis ingabangela ukungena ngokungazelelwe komthambo. Enye inkinga yezokwelapha eyenziwa ngokuqhekeka kwe-plaque yinkimbinkimbi ye-coronary syndrome (ACS) .
Okwesibili, ama-plaque angancipha udonga lomthambo okwenza ukuba ibhaluni lisuke ku-artery ukwakha okuthiwa i-aneurysm. I-rupturing ye-aneurysm ngokuvamile iveza ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe- aortic aneurysm isibonelo somcimbi onjalo.
Ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha ezivamile ezibangelwa ukushaya isifo sofuba zihlanganisa ukushaywa yisifo sofuba , isifo se-arterial , nesifo sezinso.
Izimbangela
Isizathu esiyinhloko esibangelwa imbangela ye-atherosclerosis asisungulwe ngokugcwele.
Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningi ezibangela ukutholakala kwamathambo egazi, kubandakanya:
- I-Genetic predisposition - i-propulsion for atherosclerosis ihamba ngokucacile emindenini. Noma ubani onesihlobo esiseduze (abazali, sibs, omalume kanye nonogada) baye banesifo sokuthi i-atherosclerosis kufanele bathathe wonke amathuba okunciphisa izingozi zabo siqu.
- I-cholesterol engavamile - amazinga aphezulu egazi we-LDL cholesterol namazinga aphansi we-cholesterol ye-HDL ahlotshaniswa ne-atherosclerosis.
- I-hypertension
- Ukubhema
- Indlela yokuphila yama-sedentary
- Ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ukukhuluphala kwesisu
- Isifo sikashukela
Emasikweni aseNtshonalanga, ngisho nasebusheni nasezintweni zokukhula komzimba ngokuvamile kubonisa izinguquko zakudala zesifo sokuqina kwamathambo. Ukwelashwa kwe-antherosclerosis kuqala njengesifo esincane kancane, esiqhubekayo esivame ukuthuthuka esikhathini esingamashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuveza izimpawu.
Ama-Arteries athintekile
I-aestrosclerosis ivame ukuthinta imithwalo ye-coronary , eholele ekutheni i-angina ne- myocardial infarction (ukushaya kwenhliziyo); ukujikelezwa kwe-cerebrovascular (ubuchopho be-brain), okuholela ekushayweni ; imishanguzo ye-renal, eholela esifo sezinso; i-aorta, eholela e-aurtic aneurysm; kanye nemithwalo yegazi yezingalo kanye (ikakhulukazi) imilenze, okuholela ekutheni isifo se-arterial ne-claudication, isilonda, izinguquko zesikhumba, nokuphulukiswa kancane.
E-United States, ukuqina kwe-atherosclerosis kubangela ukufa nokukhubazeka okungaphezu kwanoma yisiphi esinye isifo.
Ukwelapha
Odokotela basebenzisa isikhathi sabo esiningi baphatha imiphumela ye-atherosclerosis-ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, ukushaya, ukuhluleka kwezinso, isifo se-artery, njll. Ngakho-ke kunezokwelapha ezikhona izinto ezinjalo. Kodwa izindlela zokwelashwa zivame ukuba nzima, ezibizayo, ezingavamile, kanye / noma ezingozi.
Kuze kube manje, "ukwelashwa" okungcono kakhulu kwe-atherosclerosis ukukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuvimbela ukuqina kwe-atherosclerosis ukuba kwenzeke endaweni yokuqala, noma uma usuvele ukhona, ukuthatha yonke inamba etholakalayo yokuyigcina ekuthuthukiseni noma yikuphi okuqhubekayo.
Lezi zinyathelo zihlanganisa ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzithokozisa okuningi, ukugcina isisindo sakho ezingeni elifanele, ukubhema, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwegazi kusezingeni elihle.
Imithombo:
Strong, JP, Malcom, GT, McMahan, CA, et al. Ukukhula nobukhulu bokuqina kwesifo sobuthakathaka kubantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala. Umthelela wokuvimbela ekunqumeni kwe-pathobiological of atherosclerosis ekufundeni kwentsha. I-JAMA; 281: 727.
I-Libby P, i-Ridker PM, uHansson GK. Intuthuko nezinselele ekuhumusheni i-biology of atherosclerosis. Imvelo 2011; 473: 317.