I-HDL ye-Synthetic
Njengoba wonke umuntu azi, i-cholesterol ye-HDL "yi-cholesterol enhle," ngoba amazinga we-HDL aphakanyisiwe ahlotshaniswa nenengozi enciphise ye-coronary artery disease. I-HDL idlala i-cholesterol engaphezu kwamathambo bese ibuyisela esibindi sokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi baye bachitha iminyaka eminingi bezama ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa okuyokwandisa amazinga e-HDL, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhulise inqubo yokukhipha i-cholesterol "embi".
Le mizamo ibilokhu idumaza kakhulu.
Enye indlela yocwaningo eyake yabonakala iyona ethembisayo kakhulu endaweni ye-HDL mimetics - ifomu le-HDL elenziwe "elilingisa" umphumela we-ApoA, i-HDL lipoprotein.
- Funda mayelana ne-cholesterol ne-triglycerides
Yini i-HDL Mimetics?
Njengezo zonke i-lipoproteins, izinhlayiya ze-HDL zine-lipids (kulokhu, i-cholesterol), namaprotheni akhethekile athutha i-lipid ngegazi. Amaprotheni akha i-HDL lipoprotein ngumndeni wama-proteine okuthiwa yi-ApoA. I-ApoA yiyona "isithako esisebenzayo" se-particle ye-HDL. Kuyinto i-ApoA eqoqa i-cholesterol eyedlulele kusuka ezindongeni zamabhodlela futhi iyithwala. Ngakho-ke i-cholesterol ye-HDL esilinganisa nokuhlolwa kwegazi yi-cholesterol esusiwe ezicubu, futhi isendleleni eya emuva esibindi sokucubungula.
Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuthi uma singakwazi ukwandisa inani lama-proteine e-ApoA egazini lethu singakwazi ukwandisa inqubo yokukhipha i-cholesterol, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kuncishiswe ingozi yokukhula kwe-atherosclerosis.
Ama-mimeti e-HDL yizidakamizwa ezilingisa, ngokuseduze ngangokunokwenzeka, amaprotheni ama-ApoA. Zisebenza ngokusemqoka izinhlayiyana ze-HDL. Eziningana zithuthukiswa, kodwa inqubo yokucwaninga nentuthuko ihambe kancane futhi iyanqamuka.
Uhlangabezana nama-Mimetics we-HDL
Okuhlangenwe nakho kokutholwa komtholampilo nge-HDL mimetic kubike ngo-2003.
I-HDL i-mimetic ebizwa nge-ApoA-1 Milano, ephathwa njengezijovo ezinhlanu zamasonto onke, eholele ekuqotheni okuphawulekayo kwamapuleki ezincane zamadoda ane-coronary artery disease. (Isibalo se-shrinkage empeleni sasincane kakhulu, kodwa sasiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi sasibalulekile.)
I-ApoA-1 Milano itholakala ngokutadisha abantu abangu-40 besuka edolobhaneni elincane e-Italy ababeyaziwa ukuthi baphila ngokuphila okude kakhulu nokuphilile, naphezu kokunciphisa amazinga e-HDL. Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi laba bantu babehlobo lwe-HDL (i-ApoA-1 Milano) engatholakalanga ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo, kepha lokho kwasebenza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni isifo senhliziyo. Abacwaningi bakwazi ukuhlanganisa ukuguquguquka kwe-DNA okwakhiqiza le HDL entsha, futhi kamuva wanezela le DNA entsha emkhakheni wezinambuzane ze-laboratory, -kudala "ifoni" ekukhiqizeni i-ApoA-1 Milano.
Lolu cwaningo lwavusa injabulo enkulu phakathi kwezinhliziyo ze-cardiologists futhi, ngenxa yemibiko yezindaba, phakathi komphakathi jikelele.
Kodwa eminyakeni ehamba phambili sesizwile lutho nge-ApoA-1 Milano.
Kube nomsebenzi omncane kakhulu ngemuva, noma kunjalo. Amalungelo e-ApoA-1 Milano ashintshile ngezandla izikhathi eziningana, kanti izinkampani eziningana zezidakamizwa ziyaziwa zisebenza kwi-HDL mimetics.
Kodwa okwamanje kubonakala kucacile ukuthi inqubo yokuthuthukisa lezi zidakamizwa iwukuthi okungenani, kunzima futhi kubiza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2014 i-HDL mimetic yesibili (i-CER-001, esuka ku-Cerenis Therapeutics) ihlolwe esilingo somtholampilo esibizwa ngokuthi i-CHI-SQUARED, futhi sahluleka ukubonisa inzuzo ekunciphiseni amavolumu wokubeka.
Uphi i-HDL Mimetics emele manje?
Umdlandla uye wancipha kakhulu kusukela ngo-2003. Lezi zidakamizwa ziye zafakazela ukuthi zinzima kakhulu ukuthuthukisa nokukhiqiza, futhi ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-CHI-SQUARED azihloselwe ukuba zisebenze yonke indawo. Ngenkathi singakwazi ukwazi ngokuqinisekile, kubonakala sengathi izinkampani ezinkulu zezidakamizwa ziye zazisekela kuzo.
Zakhiwa izinkampani ezincane ezinezinsizakalo ezinganiselwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, intshisekelo yabacwaningi jikelele yokukhulisa amazinga e-HDL njengendlela yokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo iye yehla kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuhluleka okuphawulekayo kwe-CETP inhibitors njenge-torcetrapib, kanye namuva nje, i-niacin. Izinkampani ezidakamizwa ziye zachitha izigidigidi zizama ukuthola izidakamizwa ezikhulisa amazinga e-HDL futhi zinciphise isifo senhliziyo, zingabi nhlobo. Abangabaza baqala nokubuza yonke "i-HDL hypothesis," okungukuthi, ukuthi amazinga aphezulu we-HDL ahlale ehle.
- Funda mayelana "nohlangothi olumnyama" lwe-cholesterol enhle.
Ngakho i-HDL yokwenziwa isengaphansi kokuthuthukiswa futhi ingase ibe yindlela enkulu yokwelapha. Kodwa kunomsebenzi omningi okudingeka wenziwe. Futhi noma ngabe lo mzamo uphuma, lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa ludingeka lunikezwe (okwamanje okumele kubekwe amanani kanye nezikhathi). futhi sinikeze iminyaka yokuzikhandla kanye nemali esetshenzisiwe, singalindela ukuthi le mithi ibe yindleko eqinile. Ngakho akufanele sibambe ukuphefumula kwethu.
Ngaphansi
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwandisa amazinga wethu we-HDL ngokuthatha indlela yokuphila enempilo. Le ndlela inenzuzo yokunciphisa ingozi yethu kungakhathaliseki amazinga ethu e-HDL langempela.
- Funda indlela yokwandisa amazinga wakho we-HDL.
- Funda mayelana nokuhlola ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
- Funda indlela yokunciphisa ingozi ephakeme yenhliziyo.
Imithombo:
I-Tardif JC, i-Ballantyne CM, i-Barter P, et al. Imiphumela ye-high-densense ye-lipoprotein agent e-mimetic i-CER-001 kwi-coronary atherosclerosis ezigulini ezinama-coronary syndromes ayenzima: isilingo esihleliwe. I-European Heart Journal. 29 Ephreli 2014 I-DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu171
Nissen SE, Tsunoda T, Tuzcu EM, et al. Imiphumela ye-ApoA-I Milano ephindaphindiwe ekuphefumuleni kwe-coronary atherosclerosis kwiziguli ezine-coronary syndromes ezinzima: isilingo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe. I-JAMA 2003; 290: 2292.