Ukumangalisa Okufanako Nokuhluka
Ungamangala ukwazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziyingqayizivele ze-multiple sclerosis. Ngenkathi behlanganyela ezinye izici, isayensi ngemuva kwabo, inkambo yabo, nezimpawu zabo zingafani kakhulu.
I-MS yokubuyisela kabusha-i-MS
Ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-MS kuyinto uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, oluthinta cishe amaphesenti angama-85 alabo abane-MS. Kulolu hlobo lwe-MS, umuntu uzothola ukubuyiselwa kwesifo senhliziyo-lezi zibuyiselwayo nazo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-flares, izibhamu, ukuhlaselwa, noma ukucindezeleka.
Ngesikhathi sokuphindaphindiwe, izazi zikholelwa ukuthi kukhona ukuhlaselwa okuvuvukalayo emgodleni we-myelin-isembozo esivikela futhi sigcizelela izinsimbi zomzimba. I-myelin sheath ivumela ukuxhumana okusheshayo, okusheshayo phakathi kwamangqamuzana e-nerve, ngakho-ke lapho ewonakele, izinzwa azikwazi ukuxhumana kahle futhi izimpawu ze-neurological zivela.
Izimpawu eziqondile eziphathelene neurolo ukuthi umuntu unalo kuncike ekutheni ubuyele ebuchosheni noma emthonjeni. Isibonelo, uma i-nertic optic ihlose ukuphindaphinda, umuntu angase ahlakulele ubuhlungu beso futhi abukeke ngombono. Uma indawo ye-brainstem ithintekile, umuntu angase athole ukuzamazama noma izinkinga ngokulinganisela kwawo.
Abanye abantu baphinde baphinde baphinde benze umsebenzi wabo wezinzwa ngemuva kokuphindaphindiwe, okusho ukuthi izimpawu zabo zibuyiselwa. Abanye bathola kuphela okunye (noma okungekho) kuwo. Kuyinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi izimpawu zingadlulela izinsuku, ngisho nezinyanga. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, noma kunjalo, abantu bathambekele ekusebenzeni kancane kancane, ngakho-ke bayakhubazeka kakhulu.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona imithi eminingi evunyelwe ukwelapha ukubuyisela emuva-ukukhipha i-MS-13 ukuba ibe yiyona ngqo. Zonke ziboniswe ngezifundo zesayensi ukunciphisa kokubili inani lokubuyiselwa kabusha kanye nenani lezilonda ezintsha kwi-MRI. Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sokubuyiselwa emuva kwe-MS, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi isazi sakho sezinzwa sizophakamisa okukodwa kulezi zindlela zokwelashwa eziguqulwa yisifo ngokushesha.
MS Primary Progressive
I-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo ihluke kakhulu ngokuphindaphinda-ukukhipha i-MS. Ngenye, itholakala ngokulinganayo kokubili amadoda nabesifazane-akukho ukungafani kobulili. Kubuye kuthinte nalabo abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-60, kanti ukubuyiswa kabusha kwe-MS kuthinta abantu abancane, labo abaneminyaka engama-20 no-30.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-MS okuqhubekayo phambili bahlale bebheka ubunzima ngokuhamba njengesimpawu sabo sokuqala. Isibonelo, bangase babone ukuthi imilenze eyodwa noma zombili zihudula noma zizinzile noma zinzima. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, e-MS eyinhloko-intuthuko, lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu umgogodla, ngakho-ke izinkinga zokuhamba, ubulili, nesibindi kanye nesibilini zivame ukubusa.
Futhi, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi isayensi ye-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo ihluke kulokho okubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-MS. Ekubuyiseni kabusha ama-MS, kukhona ukuhlaselwa kwesistimu yomzimba emzimbeni wesilonda ( myelin ). E-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo, kukhona ukuwohloka okuncane kancane kwezintambo zezinzwa, okwenza kube nenqubo eyingozi kakhulu, kunokuba kube nokuvuvukala.
Yingakho izifo ezishintsha izifo zingabonakali ukusebenza (futhi azange zivunyelwe i-FDA) ze-MS eyinhloko yokuqhubekayo. Izifo eziguqula izifo ezihlose ukuvuvukala, okwenzeki ngempela kuMsombuluko ohamba phambili.
Lokhu kuthiwa, kubantu abathile, kungase kube nokungaqabulana phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, okwenza ukuxilongwa kukhohlise. Lokhu kuchaza nokuthi kungani ezinye izazi ze-neurologists zizozama ukwelapha iziguli zazo, ikakhulukazi uma inzuzo engaba khona ingaphezu kwanoma yikuphi ukulimala.
I-MS eqhubekayo eqhubekayo
I-MS eqhubekayo yesibili ivela lapho umuntu ephenduka ekubuyiseleni (ukubuyisela kabusha i-MS) ekwenzeni kancane kancane, inkambo eqhubekayo (njenge-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo). Ngokufanayo, izithombe ze-MRI zizobonisa izilinganiso ezincane zokuqhathanisa izilonda (isibonakaliso sokuvuvukala okunamandla) nokuningi kwe-atrophy noma ukuwohloka kwezintambo zesibindi (isibonakaliso sokuguqulwa).
Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi ukuguqulwa kokubuyela emuva-ukubuyisela kwi-MS yesibili okuqhubekayo kungenzeka ngokushesha noma kancane kancane, futhi lokhu kuguquka akusiyo njalo ukucaciswa okucacile. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu uzothatha inkambo eqhubeka phambili ye-MS kuphela ukuze athuthukise ukuphindaphinda ngesilonda esisha kwi-MRI yabo.
Ngokwelashwa , i- mitoxantrone yiyona kuphela i-FDA evunyelwe isifo-ukuguqula ukwelapha ukuphatha i-MS yesibili eqhubekayo. Imiphumela emibili emibi kakhulu emibi yayo ingabangela ukulimala kwenhliziyo kanye nomdlavuza we-myeloid owodwa, umdlavuza womnyova.
I-MS-Progressive-Relapsing MS
Ngo-1996, i-MS eqhubekayo-ephindaphinda i-MS yachazwa okokuqala ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-MS lapho umuntu ehamba khona kancane kancane komsebenzi wabo wezinzwa kusukela ekuqaleni, kanye nokuphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa ngonyaka ka-2013, incazelo yavuselelwa-manje labo abaqale baxilongwa ngokuthi bane-MS eqhubekayo-baqala ukubhekwa njengenhloko-eqhubekayo "esebenzayo" noma "engasebenzi" ("esebenzayo" okusho ukuthi umuntu okwamanje uphelelwa emuva kwe-MS futhi "hhayi kusebenza "okusho ukuthi umuntu okwamanje akabuyiselwa kabusha).
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abane-MS eqhubekayo-ebuyela kabusha bayakhutshazwa ngokushesha kunabo abane-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo (umuntu ongenakho ukubuyela emuva). Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi umuntu onenqubekela phambili-uphinde abuyele nakho okuhlangenwe nakho okuphindwe kabili ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphezulu kokuncipha okuqhubekayo emsebenzini wezinzwa.
I-Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)
I-CIS isho ukuthi umuntu uhlangabezane nesiphithiphithi esiyisici se-MS ephindaphindiwe, kodwa lowo muntu akahlangabezane nemigomo yokuthola i-MS efanele. Ngakho akucaci ukuthi lowo muntu uzoqhubeka yini ukuthuthukisa i-MS. Abanye abantu abane-CIS bazoqala ukwelapha ukuguqula isifo, ikakhulukazi uma i-neurologist yabo ikholelwa ukuthi basengozini enkulu yokugcina i-MS.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-MS, isithombe esikhulu lapha sibamba ukuhluka okuphawulekayo kwe-MS njengesifo. Ngisho ngaphakathi kohlobo olufanayo lwe-MS, izimpawu zomuntu, ukukhubazeka, ubuchopho nemifanekiso yomgogodla, nokuthi bazizwa kanjani futhi basebenza kanjani usuku ngalunye luyingqayizivele eliyingqayizivele.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukugxila emakhakheni akho e-MS okubhekana nokuphulukiswa nodokotela wakho nabathandekayo bakho. Ngakho lapho ojwayelene (enenhloso enhle) ethi une-MS futhi uyakwazi ukusebenza isikhathi esigcwele noma ingadi nsuku zonke, azizwa azibi. I-MS yakho ihlukile ku-MS yakhe. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi ube nomusa kuwe.
Imithombo:
Birnbaum, MD George. (2013). I-Multiple Sclerosis: Umhlahlandlela Wabahlengikazi Wokuthola Ukuxilongwa Nezokwelashwa, 2 Edition. ENew York, eNew York. I-Oxford University Press.
I-National MS Society. (2016). Imishanguzo ye-MS Yokuguqula Imishanguzo .
I-National MS Society. I-MS eqhubekayo yokubuyela emuva.