I-Immunohistochemistry (IHC) ivivinyo elikhethekile elisetshenziswe ngabahlengikazi ukuthola amakhemikhali athile kumaseli.
Uma isampula lesishubhu njenge-lymph node biopsy idluliselwa ebhodini okufanele lihlolwe izifo, kunemininingwane eminingana engakwazi ukutholakala kalula.
Izifo eziningana noma izifo ezincane zezifo zingase zibukeke ngokufana noma zibonakala zinamaseli afanayo afanayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope kepha zibe nokuziphatha okuhlukile nokuphathwa okuhlukile.
Enye indlela yokwahlukanisa ukubona ama-molecule athile kulawa maseli asebenza njengezimpawu.
I-Immunohistochemistry yindlela esebenzisa ama-antibodies- ukuvikela ama-molecule-angawafuna, abone futhi azihlanganise nalawa makaki kumaseli. Ama-antibodies ngokwawo aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngamathegi angatholakala noma abonwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope, njenge-staorescent staining, esiza ukwenza ukucaciswa okuqondile.
I-IHC ithole izicelo eziningi zokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni komdlavuza. Ama-lymphomas aphakathi kwamagciwane angaphansi kakhulu kwe-IHC yokuthola izifo ezifanelekile zokuxilongwa nokwelapha.
Okuningi ku-Immunohistochemistry
Ezinye izici zesifo zingabonakala kalula ngokutadisha amangqamuzana ngabanye nokubukeka kwawo, kuhlanganise nokubonakala kwe-nucleus, amaprotheni amangqamuzana athile, nokuma noma "ukukhanya okujwayelekile" kweseli, okuthiwa i-cell morphology. Ezinye izici zesifo zivela kumboni kuphela lapho amangqamuzana asolwa ebonwa kumongo "wonke umakhelwane" wamaseli.
Ezinye izici zidinga uhlobo oluthile lokuhlaziywa ezingeni lemangqamuzana-ngamanye amazwi, odokotela badinga ukwazi ngemikhiqizo ethile yegenesis-ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi ezithile ezithile zibe amaprotheni, noma izimpawu ezingatholakala ngamagciwane.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-immunohistochemistry ingasiza hhayi kuphela ukubona uhlobo oluthile lwe-lymphoma kodwa futhi ukusiza ukuhlela ukubikezela, ngokusekelwe emakhonini ahambisana nokuziphatha okukhula kancane nakweluhlobo olunonya.
I-IHC yamaLymphomas
Ama-lymphomas abhekwa njengamabizo e-lymphocytes eye ayeke ngezigaba ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa noma ukuhlukaniswa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-IHC ene-antibodies ehlukahlukene "eplanethi" kusiza ukukhomba isigaba esithile nesigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwe-lymphoma.
Iphaneli yama-antibodies ehlukene isetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezikhona kuma-lymphocytes. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala nge-CD izincwadi. Isibonelo, izimpawu ze-B-cell (i-CD20 ne-CD79a), izimpawu ze-T (CD3 ne-CD5), nezinye izimpawu ezinjenge-CD23, bcl-2, CD10, cyclinD1, CD15, CD30, ALK-1, CD138 ingasetshenziswa ama-cancer ehlukahlukene noma ama-malmatancies we-hematologic.
Cabanga nge-follicular lymphoma (FL) ngokujula okujulile njengesibonelo sezinye izinto ezingenziwa nge-IHC. I-FL yi-subtype yesibili ejwayelekile ye- non-Hodgkin's lymphoma- eyimpilo enkulu ye-B-cell lymphoma (i-DLBCL) evame kakhulu. I-FL iphinde ibe yisibonelo salokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-lymphoma indolent , okusho ukuthi ngumdlavuza obonakala ngokukhula kancane futhi isikhathi eside sokusinda, ngisho nangaphandle kokwelapha. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokhetho ezahlukene zokwelapha ze-FL, kepha lesi sifo singaba ngandlela-thile singavumelani umuntu nomuntu.
Kukhona izinkomba zokubikezela, njenge-International Prognostic Index futhi, ngokuqondile, i-Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) engasiza ukunikeza isithombe siphi uhlobo lwe-FL osebenzelana nalo, nokuthi lungase luphathe kanjani.
Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-IHC ye-lymphoma kanye ne "microenvironment" yayo kwacwaningwa ukubona ukuthi ukutholakala kungahambisana yini nokuziphatha okuhlukile kwemitholampilo, ngokusho kocwaningo luka-2006 olwanyatheliswa "kuyi-Journal of Clinical Oncology."
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I-Somoza AD, i-Aly FZ. Ukusebenza kwezivivinyo zamangqamuzana ku-cytopathology. I-CytoJournal . 2014; 11: 5
Alvaro T, Lejeune M, Salvadó MT, et al. Amaphethini e-immunohistochemical of microenvironment asebenzayo ahlobene nokuziphatha kwe-clinicobiologic ezigulini ze-follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24 (34): 5350-7.
Rao IS. Indima ye-immunohistochemistry e-lymphoma. I-Indian J Med Paediatr i-Oncol. 2010; 31 (4): 145-147. doi: 10.4103 / 0971-5851.76201.