Usizo lwezimpawu ze-Lymphoma ekuhloleni i-Lymphoma esikhungweni seMolocular
Ziyini izimpawu ze-lymphoma tumor, noma ama-CD markers? Kungani zibalulekile futhi zidlala kanjani indima ekwelapheni i-lymphomas?
Ukubaluleka kwama-CD Lymphoma Markers
Ukunquma ama-CD kuma-lymphomas kuqakathekile ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okungcono kwezi zifo, kodwa akuzange kube khona njalo. Ake sibuke umlando ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kwalezi zivivinyo ekunqumeni ukwelashwa okungcono komdlavuza wakho.
Kungani izimpawu ze-Lymphoma zibalulekile
Zama ucabange uhlobo olulodwa lweseli olunikeza izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 ezahlukene zomdlavuza - zonke ngegama elilodwa. Ama-lymphomas ahlukene angase abe khona kuma-lymph nodes akho, njengesisindo ebuchosheni bakho, njengesifo esiswini sakho, noma njengesikhumba esiswini sakho sonke. Akuyona nje indaba yendawo - i-lymphoma etholakala kunoma iyiphi yalezi zindawo ingaba enye yezinhlobo eziningi. Futhi ukhetha ukwelashwa okungcono kuncike kokwazi uhlobo oluthile.
I-Microscope Ayinelisekile Ukuthola I-Lymphomas
Ngisho emashumini eminyaka eminyaka emuva kwalokho, ukuthi isifo samathambo esikubona ngaphansi kwe-microscope ngezindwangu ezilula yilokho okwakudingeka sithole uhlobo lwe-lymphoma. Futhi kwakunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-lymphoma ezingase zihlukaniswe. Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukuba ukuthi ukuziphatha kohlobo olufanayo lwe-tumor kuhlukile kubantu abahlukile. Kusobala ukuthi sasilahlekelwe okuthile.
I-Clue Iphakathi kwama-molecule
Njengoba umuthi uthuthelwa kusuka kumangqamuzana ukuya emangqamuzaneni, kwakhiwe amasu ukuze athole amakhemikhali atholakalayo emangqamuzaneni.
Lapho lezi zisetshenziselwa amangqamuzana e-lymphoma, izinto zathatha ukuphenduka okukhulu. Kwakukhona ukuthi ama-lymphomas ayengeyona nje imibala ehlukahlukene, kodwa kunzima kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Lymphoma CD?
Phezu kwama-lymphocytes, amangqamuzana aguqulwa abe yi-lymphomas, alala namanye ama-molecule ahlukile.
Lawa abizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhlukaniswa kwamagatsha' noma ama-CD markers . Njengoba i-lymphocytes evamile ivela emangqamuzaneni amasha ukuze ikhule amaseli avuthiwe, lawa makaki ashintshe. Kutholakale ukuthi i-lymphomas eyayibonakala ifana ngaphansi kwe-microscope yayinezimpawu ezihlukahlukene ebusweni bayo. Lapho lokho kwenzeka, benza njengezifo ezahlukene ngokuphelele.
Amakhamera we-Lymphoma CD ekutholeni
Namuhla, ukuxilongwa kwe-lymphoma kumane akugcini ngaphandle kokuthi kubonakale kuqala abashayeli be-lymphoma. Ukuze ufake i-lymphoma ethile eqenjini elifanele, i- immunohistochemistry isetshenziselwa ukuthola la ma molecule athile kumaseli e-sampuli ye-biopsy.
Manje sinezidakamizwa ezithile ezihlasela ama-molecule e-CD ngaphezulu kwamangqamuzana athile e-lymphoma. Le mithi - ibizwa ngokuthi i-monoclonal antibodies - ihlasela amangqamuzana kuphela ane-CD marker ethile.
Isibonelo esithile singenza lokhu kube lula ukuyiqonda. Nge-lymphomas, kungaba nzima uma kungenakwenzeka ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbalwa zomdlavuza. Amanye amangqamuzana ama-B cell lymphomas kanti amanye ama-T cell lymphomas, kodwa ama-B namaseli e-T angabonakala afana ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Nakuba zibukeka ezifanayo, amakhemikhali ahilela la maseli angaziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu futhi aphendule ngokuhlukile emithini ehlukene.
I-CD20 iyimakethi noma i-antigen etholakala ebusweni bama cell B kepha amaT cell hhayi. Ukusabalalisa i- B cell lymphoma enkulu (i-DLBCL) - umdlavuza wamaseli B - angabonakala afana ne -cell cell lymphoma - isifo somdlavuza we-T - ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Kodwa-ke, i-immunohistochemistry test, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona i-CD20 - i-antigen etholakala kuma-B e-B ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umdlavuza u-DLBCL futhi awunamaphilisi amakhulu e-cell lymphoma. I-anaplastic cell cell lymphoma, ngokuphambene, ingahlukaniswa nokukhona kwe-CD30 antigen.
Ama-Lymphoma Markers ekunqumeni ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa
Akumiseli lapho. Ezinye izimpawu ezikhethekile (enye yazo ebizwa ngokuthi i-bcl-2) ingatshela nodokotela ukuthi izifo zakho zizohamba kanjani kahle.
Abanye abanye (njenge-CD20) bayisichazamazwi ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa okuthile kuzosebenza. Izibonelo zezimpawu ze-CD ezihloselwe ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma zihlanganisa i-monoclonal antibody Rituxan (rituximab) ehlose i-CD20 antigen ekhona kwamanye amangqamuzana e-lymphoma kanye namanye amangqamuzana angama-lymphocytic leukemia.
Njengoba ucwaningo oluningi luya kulezi zimpawu, ukusetshenziswa okusha kuvela njalo. Ngempela, i-lymphoma ingene esikhathini se-molecule.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Amakhamera we-Tumor. Kubuyekezwe 11/04/15. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet