I-Progressive Motor Neuron Izifo
I-primaryal lateral sclerosis (i-PLS) isifo esiqhubekayo se- motor neuron . I-PLS ithinta amangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni olawula ukunyakaza okuzithandela kwemizimba, okuthiwa i-motor neurons. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la ma-neurons alahlekelwa amandla abo okusebenza, okwenza ubuthakathaka obubuhlungu kodwa obuqhubekayo nobuqina bomzimba.
Ayaziwa ukuthi kungani i-PLS ikhona, noma ncamashi ukuthi amaseli ayisisindo abhujiswa kanjani.
I-primaryal lateral sclerosis ibonakala iqala emva kweminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengu-50 ubudala. Ayaziwa ukuthi bangaki abantu emhlabeni abathintekayo yi-PLS, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu.
Izimpawu
Ukulahlekelwa kwamangqamuzana omzimba kwenza imisipha ibe nzima futhi inzima ukuhamba. Ngokuvamile, izinkinga ze-muscle ziqala emilenzeni bese zikhuphukela umzimba esihlahleni, izingalo nemisipha ebusweni nasentanyeni. Ukuqhubeka kwe-PLS kuyahlukahluka kusuka ecaleni kuya kwecala-Abanye bangathuthuka ngokushesha eminyakeni embalwa noma kancane kancane emashumini ambalwa eminyaka.
Izimpawu Zokuqala. Ezimweni eziningi, uphawu lokuqala lwe-PLS lubuthakathaka obubuthakathaka nokuqina emlenzeni ophansi. Ezinye izimpawu zokuqala zifaka:
- Umlenze owodwa uvame ukuthinteka ngaphezu kwesinye, ngokuqhubekela kancane kancane komunye umlenze
- Ukunyakaza okuqinile, okunamandla kwemilenze ngenxa yezinkinga zokuzikhukhumeza komzimba (spasticity)
- Kunzima ukuhamba nokulondoloza ukulinganisela, njengokunciphisa noma ukukhubeka
- Ukuqoqwa kwemisipha ethintekile
- Ukuxuba okujwayelekile
Izimpawu Eziqhubekayo. Abantu abathintekayo bangase babe nobunzima obunzima ekuhambeni. Ukusetshenziswa komhlanga noma idivayisi efanayo ukusiza ekuhambeni kungadingeka. Kwezinye izimo, ezinye izimpawu zingase zandulele ukuthuthukiswa kobuthakathaka bemisipha emilenzeni. Ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Ama-muscle spasms ezandleni noma ngaphansi kobuchopho.
- Imisipha emihle emilenzeni, emuva, noma entanyeni
- Ukukhathazeka ukuhambisa izingalo nokwenza imisebenzi efana nokuhlanganisa izinwele noma ukuxubha amazinyo
- Kunzima ukwakha amagama (dysarthria) noma ukukhuluma
- Kunzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukulahlekelwa kokulawula kwesisu esikhathini se-primaryal lateral sclerosis
Izimpawu zihamba kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuxilongwa
Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-primaryal lateral sclerosis, ngakho-ke isikhathi esiningi ukuxilongwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqeda ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu. Ngoba i- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (i-ALS, noma isifo sikaLou Gehrig) iyaziwa kakhulu, futhi ngoba lezi zifo ezimbili zivame ukubonisa izimpawu ezifanayo, i-PLS ivame ukudideka nge-ALS.
Ukwelapha
Akukho ukwelashwa okwamanje nge-PLS, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kugxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu zesifo. Ukwelashwa kwe-PLS kuhlanganisa:
- Imithi efana neBaclofen neTyzanidine ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha
- Ukwelapha izidakamizwa ukubhekana nokulahlekelwa kwesilasha
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nokusebenza ukuze kusize ukunciphisa ama-spasms, ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba, nokunikeza amadivayisi ukusiza ngokuhamba nokudla
- Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo ukusiza ngokukhuluma
- Ama-Orthotics kanye nezihlangu zifakazela ukuxazulula izinkinga zokunyuka nezinyawo
Ukusekela
I-latal lateral sclerosis iveza ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo nokulahleka komsebenzi kodwa akuthinti ingqondo noma kufinyelele isikhathi sokuphila kweziguli ngokuqondile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amaqembu asekela njengeSpastic Paraplegia Foundation iziguli kanye nemindeni yawo iyisihluthulelo sokuguqula izimo zomzimba nezomzwelo zesifo.
> Imithombo:
I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. I-NINDS Primary Primary Sclerosis Information Page.
I-Spastic Paraplegia Foundation. Mayelana ne-PLS.
I-Spastic Paraplegia Foundation. Ukwelashwa Nezokwelapha.
Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yezifo Ezinzima. I-Primary Lateral Sclerosis.