Umthamo ongenamathele we-Intrinsic Spinal Extensors ejulile
Iqembu le-semispinalis le-muscle liyi-first of the layest deepest of the muscle back back. (Lo mgqa ojulile ubizwa nangokuthi iqembu le-transversospinalis.)
I-semispinalis ihlola izingxenye ezingama-4 kuya kwezingu-6 zezinhlanzi eziphezulu ze-thoracic nezomlomo wesibeletho. Ivela ezinkambeni ezithandanayo phakathi kwe-vertebra yesine yomlomo wesibeletho (C-4) nge-vertibra ye-thorasi engu-10 (T-10), futhi amafayili ayo agijima futhi (ekuthiwa yi-supermedially) ukuze afake ngaphansi kwe-bone occiptal (okuyinto iyithambo engxenyeni engezansi ngemuva kwe-skull yakho.) Ama-fibers we-semispinalis nawo afaka izinqubo ze-spinous (ukubonakala kwamathambo ephuma phakathi nendawo ngemuva kwe-vertebra ngayinye.)
Okuhlobene: Inqubo Eguqukayo
Umsebenzi weqembu le-semispinalis muscle ukwandisa ikhanda lakho, intamo nengenhla yangemuva. Ibuye ijikeleze (cabanga ukuthi ijika noma iphendukele) lezi zakhiwo ezihlangothini oluphambene (lwekholomu lomgogodla) lapho likhona khona.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-semispinalis inemisipha ehlukene ehlukene, izinto zithola ngokuqondile. Ake sibambe phansi ukuze ufunde kabanzi.
Semispinalis Thoracis
I-semispinalis thoracis iyinqaba yokuqala futhi engaphezulu kakhulu ye-semispinalis muscle group. Ngokweqile, kulokhu, kubhekisela kumisipha eyindawo eseduze kakhulu-ehlobene nezinye izinsimba eqenjini, okungukuthi.
I-semispinalis thoracis ivela enkambeni eguquguqukayo ye-vertebrae ephansi ye-thoracic. Ihlanganisa inqubo ye-spinous ye-vertebrae ye-thoracic ephakeme kakhulu ne-vertebrae ephansi yesibili yomlomo wesibeletho. Khumbula kusukela enkulumweni emfushane ngenhla ukuthi inqubo ehlongozwayo yinkimbinkimbi yethambo elivela ngemuva kwe-vertebrae ngayinye.
Eqinisweni, ungase ukwazi ukuthinta ngempela izincomo zezinqubo zakho ze-spinous, njengabantu abaningi, zivelele.
Okuhlobene: Inqubo Yezinsipho
Kuyinto umsebenzi we-semispinalis thoracis yokwandisa umgogodla wakho, kanye nokuwujikeleza ohlangothini lomzimba wakho olubhekene nalesi muscle. Isibonelo, uma uqala ukubheka phezu kwehlombe lakho langakwesokudla ngesikhathi sokupaka okufanayo, cishe uzobandakanya i-semispinalis thoracis elisehlangothini lwesobunxele lomgogodla wakho.
I-semispinalis thoracis isebenza neminye imisipha yangemva - okungukuthi i-logissiumus thoracis, i-iliocostalis thoracis kanye ne-spinalis thoracis lapho yenza izinyathelo ezihambisana nayo (iphinda iphikisayo futhi ikhulise umlenze wakho we-thoracic nomlomo wesibeletho.)
Okuhlobene: Umthamo Oyingqayizivele We-Intrinsics: Longissimus, Iliocostalis ne-Spinalis Thoracis Muscles
Semispinalis Cervicis
I-semispinalis cervicis iqala, noma iphuma, izinqubo ezithintekayo ze-vertebrae yakho ye-5 noma ye-thoracic engenhla kanye nezinqubo ze-articular ze-vertebrae yesi-4 kuya kweyesi-7 yomlomo wesibeletho. Inqubo ye-articular yinkomba encane yethambo elivela ngemuva kwe-vertebra ehlangene nenqubo efanayo kusuka ku-vertebra ngokuqondile ngenhla noma ngezansi. Kuzo zonke, unezinqubo ezine ze-articular nge-bone yomgogodla. Lezi zinqubo ze-articular zakha ama-facet joints.
Okuhlobene: Ubuhlungu Bokuhlangana Nezibonakaliso
Olunye uhlangothi lwale misipha luhambisana nenqubo ye-spinous ye-2 kuya kweyesihlanu yama-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho.
Uma izinkontileka ze-semispinalis cervicis muscle, zandisa, futhi zifaka ngisho nentamo yakho (umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho.) Uma nje uhlangothi olulodwa luyaxilongwa, lokhu kuholela ekugqeni kwentamo yentamo. Ungase ucabange nge-lateral flexion njengoba uguqula ikhanda lakho ohlangothini olulodwa.
Abalobi besifundo se-anatomy ka-2005 (i-Takeuchi, et-al. Ukufundwa kwe-Anatomic ye-semispinalis cervicis yokuxhaswa kabusha ngesikhathi se-laminoplasty.) Ithi kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-laminoplasty, i-semispinalis cervicis ingase iphuze ukuphulukisa.
Semispinalis Capitis
I-semispinalis capitis ivela, noma isuka, kusukela ezinkambisweni zezinqubo ezithintekayo zomshoshaphansi we-6 noma wesi-7 we-thoracic, kanye ne-articular (khumbula lezi yizinqubo ezakha ama-facet joints) we-4th, 5th and 6th cervical ama-vertebrae. I-muscle iya emathanjeni wesipilitiki lapho ihlangana khona phakathi kwezinguquko eziphakeme nakancane ezingaphansi kwe-nuchal lapho.
Umsebenzi we-semispinalis capitis ukwandisa nokugxilisa (i-lateral flexion) ikhanda ohlangothini olufanayo lapho isisipha sitholakala khona, futhi ukushintshanisa (ukujika noma ukujika) ngakwesinye icala. I-semispinalis capitis isebenza neqembu le-splenius muscle kanye ne-semispinalis cervicis ukwenza imisebenzi yalo.
Imithombo:
Kendall, F., McCreary, E. Provance, P. Imisipha: Ukuhlolwa nokusebenza. Edition 4. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore, MD. 1993
U-Moore, i-Agur, i-Dailey. I-Anatomy ye-Clinical ebalulekile. Edition 4. ULippincott Williams & Wilkins: I-Wolters Kluwer. I-intanethi: https://www.inkling.com/read/essential-clinical-anatomy-keith-moore-4th/chapter-4/muscles-of-back
I-Takeuchi, K. et. i-al., isifundo se-Anatomic se-semispinalis cervicis sokuxhaswa kabusha ngesikhathi se-laminoplasty. I-Clin Orthop Relat Res. Julayi 2005 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15995430
Semispinalis Thoracis. I-Wheeless 'Bookbook of Orthopedics. I-Orthopedics yamaDuke. http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/semispinalis_thoracis. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 2014.