Imisipha yomzimba yiyona "isenzo" semisipha emuva. Uma esebenza, umphumela ukunyakaza okusobala komgogodla wakho. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zihlobene kanjani nezinye izakhiwo zomgogodla (ngemuva) nokuthi zenzani.
Okokuqala, ake sithole imigomo yethu iqondile. Igama lobuchwepheshe be-paraspinals yi-spinae ye-erector; okungadingekile ukusho, abantu abaningi banenkinga yokubiza amagama.
Lokhu kungakho ukuthi igama elithi "ama-paraspinals" negama elithi "imisipha yama-parasipinal" yizindlela ezivamile zokubhekisela kuleli qembu elibalulekile lemisipha yangemuva.
Imisipha yama-Paraspinal ichazwe
I-paraspinals iyisethi semisipha emithathu ephethe lokho okuyaziwa ngokuthi ungqimba oluphakathi lwama-back muscles yangaphakathi. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, isendlalelo esiphezulu sitholakala ngaphezu kwezingqimba ezijulile, futhi ngaphansi kwesendlalelo esingenasici. Zonke izingxenye ezintathu zemisipha yangemuva yangaphakathi zitholakala ngaphansi kwamaqembu amabili ama-back muscle angaphezu kwama-2 ahlanganisa ndawonye imisipha yangemva.
Umsebenzi wemisipha yomzimba ukukhulisa umgogodla wakho nokuwuguqula ohlangothini olufanayo lapho kutholakala khona imisipha yomzimba.
Abantu abaningi balinganisa ukunyakaza kwe- spinal nge-back arching, okungaba yindlela enhle yokucabanga ngayo lapho uchaza noma uzama lolu hlobo lokunyakaza.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwemisipha yomzimba kusebenza "ukuhlola" isenzo semisipha yomzimba.
Ngamanye amazwi, imisipha yamathumbu , ikakhulukazi i-rectus abdominus , igoqa i -trunk phambili. Njengoba lokhu kuqhuma kwenzeka, ukuvinjelwa kwe-eccentric (lapho imisipha ihlala khona njengezivumelwano) ze-paraspinals igcina i-trunk ukuba iguqe ngokusheshisa, kanye nokuhamba phambili kakhulu. Izibeletho kanye nezidakamizwa zisebenza ndawonye ukusiza ukugcina ukuma komzimba ngokuqondile ngendlela efanayo.
Indawo yezinhlanzi ze-Paraspinal
Imisipha ye-parasipinal igijima ngobude eceleni kwikholomu yomgogodla, kusukela ku-skull kuya kwesikhumba. Ngenkathi zonke izi-3 ziqala endaweni efanayo - izindawo ezithile endaweni ephansi kunazo zonke zomgogodla - futhi bonke bane-lumbar, i-thoracic kanye nengxenye yomlomo wesibeletho, amafayili abo e-muscle afaka ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ze-vertebrae yomgogodla nezimbambo.
Imisipha emi-3 ehlanganisa isendlalelo esiphakathi semisipha yangemuva yangaphakathi yi-iliocostalis, i-longissimus, ne-spinalis.
Iliocostalis
Umsila we-iliocostalis yiwona ohamba phambili kakhulu (ongaphandle) wezingulube ezingu-3 ze-parasipinal. Ivela ku-tendon ebanzi ngemuva kwamathambo e-hip, ngemuva kwe-sacrum bone, imigqa yamalungu e-sacroiliac, kanye nezinqubo ze-spinous ze-vertebra engezansi (kufaka phakathi imigqa ehlanganisa lezi zinqubo komunye nomunye.)
Ingxenyana ye-lumbar ye-iliocostalis muscle ihamba phezulu ukusuka endaweni engezansi ye-pelvis ne-sacrum ukuze ifakwe emngceleni ophansi wezintambo eziyisithupha noma eziyisikhombisa, ngokusebenzisa izintambo ezisuka emgqeni omkhulu. Ingxenye ye-thoracic nayo ihlanganisa izimbambo, kodwa lezi zingxenye enkulu yezintambo eziyisithupha. Lesi sabelo sigxile nasengxenyeni engemuva yezinqubo ezithintekayo ze-vertibra yesi-7 yomlomo wesibeletho (intamo).
Ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho se-iliocostalis ifinyelela ngemuva kwezinqubo ezithintekayo ze-4th ngokusebenzisa i-vertebrae yesi-7 yesibeletho.
Longissimus
Njengemisipha ye-iliocostalis, i-longissimus ivela emthanjeni obanzi ngemuva kwamathambo e-hip, ngemuva kwe-sacrum bone, imigqa yamalungu e- sacroiliac , nezinqubo ze-spinous ze-vertebra engezansi (kufaka phakathi imigqa ehlanganisa lezi zihambisana komunye nomunye.) Ikhona phakathi kwe-iliocostalis kanye ne-spinalis (bheka ngezansi ukuze uthole ingxoxo nge-spinalis).
Futhi njenge-iliocostalis, i-longissimus inezingxenye ezintathu kuwo.
Kodwa esikhundleni sezingqimba, izingxenye ze-thoracic nezibeletho zomzimba, le misipha inezinhlangothi ze-thoracic, ze-cervical ne-cranial (ikhanda noma i-skull). Ama-tendons engxenyeni ye-thoracic axhumene namathiphu ezinqubo eziphambene nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-thoracic kanye nama-muscle amagatsha ezimbambo eziphansi ezingu-9 noma ezingu-10.
Ingxenye yesibeletho ye-longissimus ifinyelela ezinkambeni ezithintanayo ze-vertibrae yesi-2 kuya kweyisithupha.
Ingxenye yomgogodla ifinyelela ekuhloleni kwethambo eyaziwa ngokuthi inqubo ye-mastoid, etholakala ngemuva kwe-skull, ngemuva kwesokunxele kwendlebe.
Spinalis
Njenga-iliocostalis nemisipha ye-longissimus, i-spinalis ivela emthanjeni obanzi ngemuva kwamathambo e-hip, ngemuva kwe-sacrum bone, imigqa yamalungu e-sacroiliac, nezinqubo ze-spinous ze-vertebra engezansi ephansi (kuhlanganise nemigqa xhuma lezi zinqubo komunye nomunye.)
Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zemvelo, i-spinalis yiyona esiseduze nekholomu ye-vertebral. Futhi, inezinxenye ezingu-3: I-thoracic, umlomo wesibeletho kanye ne-capitis.
Ingxenye ye-thoracic ihambisana nezinqubo ze-spinous ze-4 kuya ku-8 (zingashintsha) ama- vertibrae thoracic . Ingxenye yesibeletho ihlanganisa inqubo ye-spinous ye-vertebra yesibili yomlomo wesibeletho (ebizwa ngokuthi i-axis) futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngezinqubo ze-spinous ze-1 noma ezimbili ze-vertebra ngaphansi kwalokho. Ingxenye yesibeletho ihambelana nenqubo ye-mastoid, okuyinto isayithi efanayo engxenyeni ye-crissal ye-longissimus muscle.
> Umthombo :
Kendall, F., McCreary, E. Provance, P. Imisipha: Ukuhlolwa nokusebenza. Edition 4. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore, MD. 1993
U-Moore, uK., uDalley, A. I-Anatomy eqondiswa umtholampilo. Okwesishiyagalolunye. Edition. ULippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore. Philadelphia, PA