I-tracheitis iyisifo se-trachea (i-tube yokuphefumula noma i-windpipe) evame ukubangelwa amabhaktheriya. Amabhaktheriya avamile kakhulu afaka phakathi uStaphylococcus aeureus , iStraptococcus pneumoniae , no- Pseudomonas aeruginosa . I-tracheitis ivame ukuvela ezinganeni ezincane futhi ingenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula. Izici zokufaka izinto zihlanganisa:
- Ngaphambi kokutheleleka kwegciwane elibangelwa yi-airways engenhla
- Okuvamile kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-3 (kodwa kungenzeka kuze kube cishe eminyakeni engama-13)
- Izisulu
- I-Down syndrome
I-tracheitis ayifinyeleleki nje kuphela ku-1 ku-1 000 000 amacala futhi kusolakala ukuthi ivame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane. Ngoba kungavamile kakhulu, lapho lesi sifo sikhona, kuvame ukuphambene nesikhumba segciwane lesandulela ngculazi, esivame kakhulu emphakathini wakho. Sizoxoxa ngezinye ukufana nokunye okwehlukile ngoba i-tracheitis ibulala kakhulu futhi idinga ukuthi ingane yakho ithole ukwesekwa ukuphefumula uma kuyiqiniso le-tracheitis.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-tracheitis ziyahlukahluka komunye nomuntu, kodwa zingabandakanya:
- Isikhukhula esivela "croupy" futhi bangakhwehlela imicibisholo
- Izinkinga zokuphefumula
- Umzila lapho uphefumulela (okuvamile)
- Ukuphefumula lapho uphefumula (okungavamile)
- Umkhuhlane omkhulu; ngokuvamile kunkulu kune-102 ° F noma ngo-39 ° C
- Izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (uphawu lwe-cyanosis noma amazinga aphansi oksijini), uma ikhono lokuphefumula liyehla
"Ukukhwehlela okumanzi" kuyisimangaliso sokuqhamuka kwamagciwane. Kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi "ukukhahlela", "ubhedu", noma kubonakala njengegxolo lomuthi. Lokhu kungase kube khona nase-tracheitis yingakho kuvame ukudideka ne-croup evamile ye-viral.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwezibonakaliso Ze-Tracheitis ne-Croup
Nakuba ukukhwehlela kungase kuzwakale kufana kakhulu phakathi kwe-tracheitis ne-croup yegciwane, kunezici eziningana ezingasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimpikiswano ezimbili. Ngokuvamile, i-croup ye-viral izoba nokuqala ukuqhuma kancane, kuyilapho izimpawu ze-tracheitis zenzeka ngokushesha. Umkhuhlane ngezinye izikhathi ungahluka, nge-croup yegciwane ehambisana nomkhuhlane ophansi kune-tracheitis; ngokungavamile ukuba ngaphezulu kuka-39 ° C. Umkhuhlane omkhulu uvame ukuholela abantu emnyangweni ophuthumayo.
Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-croup ye-viral, oksijini ohlanjululwayo nokufaka i-epinephrine (i-racemic epi), ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlukanisa i-tracheitis. I-tracheitis yeqiniso ngeke iphendule kulezi zindlela zokwelapha futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziphawulwe ukuthi zibuhlungu kakhulu isimo. Uma uqaphela ukuthi ingane yakho iyaqhubeka nokubi nakakhulu lapho uthola lezi zonyango, kufanele uqaphele umhlengikazi noma udokotela.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-tracheitis kungase kusekelwe ezimpawu, kanye nomlando wesineke nokuhlolwa. Izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezingase zenziwe ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo zihlanganisa:
- Ukulinganisa kwamazinga e-oxygen egazini (i-pulse oximetry)
- Isiko esivela ku-trachea, eqoqwe ngesikhathi se-laryngoscopy
- I -ray ray yamaphaphu kanye nemiphefumulo yokuphefumula
Phakathi nalezi zinqubo, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lokho okutholakele ukusiza ukuhlukanisa kusuka ku- epiglottitis esinye isifo esingajwayelekile esingafuna ukungenelela kokusindiswa kokuphefumula.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa okufutheka kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekulawuleni kahle i-tracheitis. Ngesikhathi i-laryngoscopy, udokotela wakho uzosula yonke indlela engangena emoyeni, ngoba cishe kuzobe sekuyimfihlo futhi izimbungulu ezingabangela ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi. Ukuphathwa kokuqala kuzodinga ukungena ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okukhulu lapho ingane yakho ingabonwa khona futhi intubated (ithebhu yokuphefumula ifakwe) uma kunesidingo.
Ukuba nethubhu lokuphefumula kuyophinde kuvumele abahlengikazi be-ICU ukuba benze ukufutheka kwe-airway okuhlukumeza ukugcina ingane yakho iphefumule kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic okutheleleka ngebhaktheriya nakho kuyadingeka. Ngokuvamile ama-antibiotic akhethwayo afaka i-IV ceftriaxone ne-IV vancomycin. Uma amasiko abuyela emuva engavumelani nalezi zinambuzane, irejista yengane yakho izoguqulwa. I-antibiotics ye-IV izoqhubeka izinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-6 lapho ungashintsha khona kuma-antibiotics omlomo. Inkambo yonke yama-antibiotic izoba phakathi kwamasonto angu-1 no-2.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi: i- tracheobronchitis, i-croup ye-bacterial, i-laryngotracheobronchitis
Umthombo:
Ferri, FF (2016). Tracheitis. U-Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2016. http://www.clinicalkey.com (Okubhaliselwe Kudingeka)
URajan, S. & Steele, RW (2015). I-Bacterial Tracheitis. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/961647- ukubukwa kokubukwa