Anatomy, Umsebenzi, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-Nasal Conchae
Uma usuzwile ukubhekisela "kwama-turbinates" akho aphi lapho lezi zikhona? Yisiphi isisu salesi sici sempumu, siyini umsebenzi wayo, futhi yikuphi ukungezwani okungenzeka?
Ama-turbinates e-Nasal: Incazelo
I-turbinates, ebizwa nangokuthi i-conal nasal noma i-conchae (ubuningi), iyinethiwekhi yamathambo, izitsha, nezicubu ezinjengezigobolondo emigwaqeni yamanzi.
Lezi zakhiwo zinomthwalo wokufudumala, ukuhlambalaza nokuhlunga umoya esiwuphefumulayo. Ngokuvamile kunezintambo ezintathu ezihlanganisa ama-turbinate aphezulu (aphezulu), aphakathi, naphansi. Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi ungaba ne-turbinate yesine (ebizwa ngokuthi i-turbinate ephezulu) ephakeme ngaphezu kwe-turbinate ephezulu.
Phakathi kwe-turbinate ngayinye yindawo (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-meati), ngayinye enegama elihambelana negama le-turbinate eliqondile ngaphezu kwesikhala. Lezi zikhala zakha indlela yethu yokuhamba ehamba phambili ehambisa umoya emoyeni.
Isakhiwo (i-Anatomy) se-Nasal Turbinates (Conchae)
Njengoba kuphawuliwe, i-turbinate yama-nasal ihlehliswa zibe izingxenye ezintathu, i-conchae engenhla, ephakathi, nephansi.
I-Meatus engaphansi (i-Conchae ephansi)
I-meatus engezansi iyona isikhala esiphakathi kwesigxobo somzimba kanye ne-turbinate engaphansi. Lona yizindawo ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezingxenyeni zomoya. Le ndlela ikhonza ngezinhloso eziningi:
- I-duct engahlambuluki (i-tear duct) inika noma yikuphi ukugeleza kwamehlo, ukuqala ngamehlo angaphandle futhi ukuthungela inyama ephansi.
- Inhloko yodonga lwamasongo, inyamazane engaphansi, nokuvuleka kwe-piriform eyakhayo yakha i- valve yangasese . I-valve yomzimba yindawo encane kunazo zonke emgodini wezintambo futhi ngokuvamile uyisayithi sokuvimbela (ukuwa) ngenxa ye-septum ephukile noma ezinye izinto ezingavamile.
I-Meatus Ephakathi
I-meatus ephakathi iyindlela ehamba emzimbeni ephakathi kwe-meatus engezansi ne-meatus ephakathi. Lesi sikhala sibalulekile:
- Ukugeleza kwezingxenye ezintathu zezingxenye ze-paranasal; i-maxillary, frontal, ne-front (yangaphakathi) izono zama-ethmoid.
- Ukuthuthwa kwe-air ngezono ezenziwe nge-paranasal ezidala amathoni ethu.
I-Meatus Ephakeme (U-Conchae Ephezulu)
I-meatus ephakeme kakhulu yindawo esikhala emkhatsini we-meatus ephakathi nenyama ephakeme. Lokhu kuvame ukuhamba kahle kakhulu, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile kune-turbinate ephezulu engaphezu kwe-turbinate ephezulu. Imisebenzi yalo mgwaqo ihlanganisa:
- Ukugeleza kwezingxenye ezimbili ze-sinanas: i-sphenoid ne-back (posterior) sinus ethmoid.
- Njenge-meatus ephakathi, ukugeleza kwe-air ngokusebenzisa le ndlela (okusebenzisana nezicathulo zesinus) kusiza ukuguqula izici zethu zomculo.
- I-memucanes ye-turbinate ephezulu (kanye nengxenye engenhla ye-nasum yama-nasal, ehlukanisa ama-nostri angakwesokunxele nelungile) ahlanganiswe nokuphela kwezibilini ezisetshenziselwa ukuhumusha iphunga. Yingakho ukukhathazeka kule turbinate kungabangela ukuphazanyiswa ngomqondo wephunga (olfaction) .
I-conchae engenhla nephakathi iyingxenye yethambo lama-ethmoid, kodwa i-conchae engezansi isakhiwo esizimele.
Umsebenzi (i-Physiology) yamaTurbinates: Ukulawulwa kwe-Cycle Nasal
Njalo ukuya emahoreni ayisikhombisa, ukuhamba kwakho komzimba kunomjikelezo wokuvimbela (ukuwehla) i-turbinate eyodwa ngenkathi enye i-turbinate ikhula. Lokhu kwenza ezinye zezinyathelo zibe mncane, zivimbele ukugeleza komoya, ngenkathi zikhulisa enye indlela yomoya futhi zithuthukise ukugeleza komoya. Phakathi nezinguquko zomjikelezo wamanzi, ngeke uzizwe ukhululekile ngoba ukumelana kwakho konke okungahambisani nomoya kungashintshi.
Inhloso yomjikelezo womzimba awuqondi kahle kodwa izinkolelo ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhamba ngokufudumele (okuncane) kuvumela ukuthi izigulane "zishintshe kabusha."
- Kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi ukuhamba ngokufudumala ukuvumela ukuthi i-mucus isuswe.
- Izindlela ezihamba phambili (ezikhulisiwe) zivumela ukuthungathwa okuthuthukisiwe nokuhamba komoya okulula.
I-Turbinate Disorders
I-turbinates yama-nasal ingahlanganiswa nezinkinga eziningana. Ngokuvamile, uphawu oluhambisana nalezi zinkinga ukuxubana. I-Turbinate disorders ihlanganisa:
- Umkhuhlane ovamile: Sonke sibhekene nezinkinga nge-turbinates yethu yamanzi uma sibhekene nokuxubana komkhuhlane ovamile .
- Amagciwane
- I-apnea yokulala: Okungajwayelekile emathinini we-turbine isisodwa sezimbangela ze- apnea yokulala .
- I-Concha Bullosa: I- Concha bullosa yisimo sezokwelapha esivame kakhulu lapho kunesikhwama somoya (ukuphefumula) ngaphakathi kwe-meatus. Le pocket emoyeni ingaholela emanzini angenele ezona kanye nezifo ezithathelanayo zesifo.
- I-valve ye-nasal iyawa: I-valve yangasese iyindawo engezansi kunazo zonke zomgwaqo ongenamanzi kanye ne-conchae ephansi eyenza ingxenye yaleso sakhiwo. Le ndlela yokuhamba emoyeni ingase ibe yinkimbinkimbi ngisho nokuqhubeka ( ukuwa kwe-valve kwesisu ) ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa, i- septum yangasese ephukile , noma ngenxa ye-rhinoplasty (ukuhlinza nge-plastiki ekhaleni.)
- Ukukhubazeka kwamatayipi okucwaninga: Ukukhuliswa noma ezinye izinkinga nge-turbinates ingenye yezimbangela zokuhlukunyezwa kwebhubhu yokucwaninga (okubizwa ngokuthi i-eustachian tube disys function).
- I-Choanal Atresia: I-athansia ye-choanal iwuvimba ukuphazamiseka kwezingxenye zomzimba ngamathambo ngokuvamile avela ekuzalweni, futhi kungathinta ukuthuthukiswa kwama-turbinate aphansi naphakathi.
Ukulungisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-Turbinate
Izinkinga eziningi ze-turbinate zixazulula zodwa, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe inkinga. Lapho izinkinga ze-turbinate zidinga ukulungiswa, ukunciphisa i-turbinate kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesono se-endoscopic . Le nqubo idinga i-anesthesia ejwayelekile futhi ivame ukusebenza emtholampilo owodwa wezinsuku.
Ngezansi ku-Anatomy ne-Physiology yamaTurbinates aseNasal kanye Nendima Yabo Ezifweni
I-turbinates yama-nasal iqukethe izakhiwo ezintathu noma ezine ezikhonza umsebenzi wokufudumala, ukuhlambalaza nokuhlunga umoya esiwuphefumulayo. Ukungahambi kahle kwama-turbinates kuvame ukuphumela ekuhlanganiseni, njengoba kwenzeka ngokubandayo kanye nokudlulela komzimba. Izinguquko ezakhiweni ezakhiweni ze-turbinates ezifana ne-concha bullosa ne-atansia ye-choanal nazo zingabangela izimpawu. Uma kunzima, ukuhlinzwa (ukuncipha kwe-turbinate) kungadingeka ukunciphisa izimpawu nokubuyisela umsebenzi kule nxenye yesimo sethu semvelo.
> Imithombo:
> Terzi, S., Dursun, E., Celiker, F. et al. Imiphumela ye-Choanal Atresia ekuthuthukiseni iSinanasal Sinuses namaTurbinate. Ukuhlinzeka nge-Radiologic Anatomy . 2017 Mashi 13. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
> Turner, J., uLal, D. noJanak. I-American Rhinologic Society. I-Nasal Anatomy. Kubuyekezwe 01/20/15. http://care.american-rhinologic.org/nasal_anatomy