Isimo esiningi kakhulu esizobhekana nakho ngaphambi kokudala
Sivame ukucabanga nge-tonsillitis njengenye yezinkolelo zezingxenye izingane ezihamba nazo eduze kwenkukhu ne-brace. Ngenkathi lesi simo sivame ukuqhubeka phakathi nezinsuku zasenkulisa kuya eminyakeni eyishumi nambili, kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ekuphileni.
Izindlela ze-tonsillitis zitholwa futhi ziphathwe zishintshe kakhulu eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule. Kukhona manje ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okungasisiza ukuthi sibone izifo ngokushesha kanye nezidakamizwa ezintsha ezakwazi ukunqoba amabhaktheriya anqabile.
Ngalokho kuthiwa, isilinganiso se-tonsillectomy (ukukhishwa kwe-tonsils) okwakususwa ngempela kusukela ngo-1970, ngokusho kwesifundo esivela eMayo Medical School College of Medicine.
Ukuqonda i-Tonsillitis
Ama- tonsils akho ayingxenye yesimiso se-lymphatic, esesibophezele ekuqedeni ubuthi kanye nezinambuzane eziyingozi (kufaka phakathi amagciwane nama-bacterium) emzimbeni wakho. Ama-tonsils akho asebenza ngokubamba izinhlayiya ezifakwe ngaphakathi futhi abanikeze ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic ukuba lungathathi kahle.
Kunezinhlangothi ezintathu zama-tononi emzimbeni wakho:
- Ama-pharyngeal tonsils , awaziwa nangokuthi adenoids, atholakala ophahleni lomlomo wakho eduze lapho i-ekhaleni lakho lixhuma khona emqaleni
- Amathoni angama-lingual afakwe ngemuva kolimi
- Amathoni we-palatine asele ngemuva komphimbo
I-tonsillitis ivela lapho igciwane noma amabhaktheriya engena emlonyeni noma ekhaleni futhi iboshelwe yi-tonsils. Lapho kwenzeka, isimiso somzimba sokuvikela omzimba sizogxila futhi sihlasele abahlaseli futhi senze impendulo yokuvuvukala , kubangele umkhuhlane nokuvuvukala.
I-tonsillitis ivamile, kanti iningi labantu lihlangabezana okungenani isiqephu esisodwa ngaphambi kokudala, futhi sithinteka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kubonakala kubantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi kodwa kungenzeka futhi phakathi kweminyaka engu-15 no-25. Ingozi iqala ukwehla njengoba umuntu ekhula.
Izimbangela
Iningi lamacala we-tonsillitis abangelwa igciwane, kanti noma yikuphi okuvela kwamaphesenti amahlanu kuya kuma-40 akholelwa ukuthi kubangelwa amagciwane.
Ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zegciwane zihlanganisa:
- Ama-coldold (kubandakanya ama-rhinoviruses nama-adenovirus)
- I-mononucleosis ephathekayo
- I-Cytomegalovirus (i-CMV)
- I-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- I-Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Izisulu
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zebhaktheriya zifaka:
- I-Staphylococcus aureus (kufaka phakathi i- MRSA )
- Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela (pertussis)
- I-pneumonia yebhaktheriya
- I-streptococcal pyogenes (strep throat)
Izimbangela ezingezona ezithathelwanayo zama-tons avuvukile kodwa zingafaka umdlavuza wezinwele kanye namathoni we-cryptic .
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zetonillitis zivame ukuvela ngokushesha futhi zixazululwe zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-14, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokwelapha. Izimpawu nezimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Ukugwinya okubuhlungu (i-odynophagia)
- Kunzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukuvuvukala nokukhuliswa kwamathani
- Amaphothi noma ama-patches amhlophe kumathoni (ama-tonsillar exudates)
- I-lymph nodes evuvukile, ikakhulukazi entanyeni ( lymphadenopathy )
- Fever
- Izinwele
- Ukukhathala
- Izindawo ezincane ezibomvu noma ezibomvu ophahleni lomlomo wakho (petechiae)
Izimpawu zingahluka ngohlobo lwegciwane noma amabhaktheriya abandakanyekayo, kanye nobudala bomuntu ngamunye. Nakuba izimo eziningi ze-tonsillitis zinzima-zisho ukuthi ziyavela futhi zixazulula ngokushesha-zingabuye ziphinde zenzeke (ziphindaphinda izikhathi eziningi ngonyaka) noma zingapheli (ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu).
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-tonsillitis kusekelwe kuqala ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba nokubuyekezwa komlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ezimweni lapho kunezibonakaliso ze-strep throat (umkhuhlane, i-tonsillar exudate, i-lymph nodes evuvukile entanyeni, futhi akukho ukukhwehlela), udokotela uzothatha i-swab yomphimbo wakho futhi akhulume ebhokisini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona umthamo amabhaktheriya. Imiphumela yeLeb ithatha amahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48.
Ukuhlolwa okusha kwezakhi zofuzo okusheshayo kungasetshenziswa futhi, ngenkathi uzwela kancane kunesiko lesikhumba, bayakwazi ukubuyisa imiphumela emaminithi ayishumi.
Ukwelapha
Izimpawu ze-tonsillitis zivame ukucasula kakhulu kunezinto ezimbi futhi ngokuvamile zidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kwezokwelapha.
- Uma une- tonsillitis ye-viral , ukwelashwa kuzogxila ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane nge-over-the-counter ukunciphisa izinhlungu ezifana ne-Tylenol (i-acetaminophen) noma i-Advil (ibuprofen). Imithi yokwelashwa, okufaka phakathi i-anti-virus, ngokuvamile ayinqunyiwe.
- Ngokuphambene, i- tonsillitis yebhaktheriya ivame ukuphathwa ngama-antibiotic. I-penicillin ne-amoxicillin yiyona ejwayelekile, ukhetho lokuqala, nakuba i-erythromycin ne-antibiotic emisha efana ne-linezolid ingasetshenziswa ezimweni zokuphikisa izidakamizwa. Izimpawu ze-tonsillitis zivame ukuhamba phakathi namahora angu-24 wokuqala ukwelashwa.
Uma amathani amakhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi aphazamise ukuphefumula, udokotela angase anikeze izidakamizwa zomlomo we-corticosteroid (steroid) ukusiza ukunciphisa usayizi wabo. Nokho, i-steroids yanoma yiluphi uhlobo kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha ngenxa yemiphumela emibi kakhulu .
I-tonsillectomy
Uma une-tonsillitis engapheli noma ephindaphindiwe ethinta ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila, udokotela wakho angase ancoma i- tonsillectomy . Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa, phakathi kwazo izikhwama ze-ultrasonic, ama-scalpel aphezulu aphindaphindiwe e-plasma, i-cauterization kagesi, kanye nokuhlinzwa okwejwayelekile "kommese wokubandayo".
Ngenkathi izinyathelo zokuziphatha ezivamile zivame futhi ziphephile, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezingozi kanye nezinzuzo zokuhlinzwa nodokotela wakho.
Izifo zasekhaya zokuzama
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhethwe ukwelashwa noma cha, kunamakhambi asekhaya anganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu ze-tonsillitis. Ngokungeziwe kokusebenzisa ukukhululeka kokuphulukisa ngaphezulu, zama:
- Ukuhambisa amanzi afudumele afana ne-teas noma umhluzi
- Ukuphuza uketshezi okubandayo noma ukondla kuma-popsicles
- Ukuphumelela kumjovo we-anesthetic umlomo we-lozenges noma usebenzisa umsizi we-throat oqukethe i-benzocaine
- Ukugqoka isisombululo se 1/2 isipuni sikasawoti kuhlanganiswe nama-ounces ayisishiyagalombili wamanzi afudumele
- Ukubeka i-compress epholile noma i-ice pack entanyeni yakho
- Sebenzisa i- mist humidifier epholile
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-aspirin kufanele igwenywe ezinganeni ezinokutheleleka ngegciwane ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yokwelashwa kukaReye , ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuphila kobuchopho nesibindi.
Izinkinga ezihlobene
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amacala amaningi okuxazululwa kwe-tonsillitis ayedwa ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga eziqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, amacala abalulekile noma aphindaphindiwe angabangela izinkinga ezinjenge- otitis media (ukutheleleka kwezindlebe eziphakathi) noma i- abscessillar abscess (ukwakheka kwephakethe eligcwele ipustiki eduze kwamathani).
Amathoni angase avuvuke ngezinye izikhathi aze aphazamise ukuphefumula nokugwinya. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i- obstructive sleep apnea .
I-apnea yokulala yisimo lapho umuntu eyeka ukuphefumula isikhathi esifushane ngenkathi elele. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhathala kwansuku zonke, ukucindezeleka, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, kanye nezinye, izinkinga zezempilo ezingathí sina ezifana nokucindezeleka kwegazi kanye nesifo senhliziyo. I-apnea yokulala engavinjelwe nayo iyisikhombisa esilandelayo kubantu abaphethe i-tonsillitis engapheli noma ephindaphindiwe.
Izwi elivela
Uma othile emndenini wakho ene-tonsillitis, kungcono ukuhlukanisa lowo muntu futhi ugcine abanye, ikakhulukazi izingane, kude kakhulu kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zixazululwa. Uma uphatha ilungu lomndeni, geza izandla zakho emva kokubathinta futhi ucabange ukugqoka ubuso obusweni uma kukhona ukukhwehlela noma ukukhipha. Ungavumeli ingane ukuba iya esikoleni kuze kube yilapho ithola ngokugcwele futhi ingasaphinde isetshenziswe.
> Imithombo:
> Erickson, B .; ULarsen, D .; St. Sauver, J. et al. "Izinguquko ezenzakalweni nezibonakaliso ze-tonsillectomy ne-adenotonsillectomy, 1970-2005." I-GMS Curr ephezulu ye-Ortorhinolaryngol ikhanda lekhanda. 2009; 140 (6): 894-901; I-DOI: 10.1016 / j.otohns.2009.01.044.
> Stelter, K. "I-tonsillitis nokuphunga komntwana ezinganeni." I-GMS Curr ephezulu ye-Ortorhinolaryngol ikhanda lekhanda. 2013; 13: doc07; I-DOI: 10.3205 / cto000110