I-influenza A H1N1 yonyaka wezi-2009 yathola inqwaba yezindaba ezindabeni. Ingabe sisengcupheni? Kuwukuhlakanipha ukwazi ukuthi kuyini, ukuthi yini ongayilindela, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani. Iziguli ezinamandla zingasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukunciphisa ukwesaba kwabo ingulube yezingulube .
Kuyini i-H1N1 Fly Swine?
Umkhuhlane we-swine ungumuthi wegciwane olwabelana ngezakhi zofuzo nezifo zentsholongwane ezithinta izingulube.
Umkhuhlane wezingulube onentshisekelo ngo-2009 yinkinga ye-H1N1 yombhalo, eyadluliselwa ezikhungwini zaba abantu. Kubangela ukugula kubantu, futhi kusukela ngoJuni 2009, kwabizwa ngokuthi yi-World Health Organization (WHO). Ngo-Okthoba 2009, uMengameli uBarack Obama wamemezela i-H1N1 eziphuthumayo zezinkhukhu emhlabeni jikelele e-United States.
Uyini i-H1N1 Influenza A?
Isiphathimandla, igama lesayense ye-ngulube yengulube, isigaba sayo se-serologic, i-Novel H1N1 Influenza A. "Inoveli" isho nje ukuthi kuyinkinga entsha. I-H isho i-hemagglutinin futhi i-N isho i-neuraminidase futhi i- "1" ibhekisela kuhlobo lwayo lwe-antibody. I-Influenza A iyinhlobo lomndeni we-Orthomyxoviridae wamagciwane futhi ibhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi igciwane liyabonakala kuqala esilwaneni, ngokuvamile ingulube noma inyoni. Lapho behlanganiswa, bachaza igciwane lesandulela ngculazi lika-2009-2010.
Kungani i-H1N1 ihluke kwezinye izilonda ze-Flu?
Kukhona izinkulungwane zezinhlobo ezahlukene zegciwane ezingabangela uketshezi.
Izinkinga ezintsha zithuthuka njalo futhi ngayinye ihlukile kuneyodwa ngaphambi kwayo. Umkhuhlane wezinkathi empeleni uqukethe izinhlobo eziningana eziwumkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane we-swine uwuhlobo olusha, oluhlukile lwegciwane.
Yiziphi Izinyathelo Zezikhuhlane Zezingulube Ngiyaqhubeka Ngizwa Ngazo?
I-WHO yenze uhlelo lokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo zezempilo, njengezifo zengulube, okungenzeka zibe yindlala.
Isigaba ngasinye sibhekisela ezingeni elihlukile lempendulo. Isibonelo, isigaba sesi-4 sisho ukuthi lesi sifo asikwazi ukutholakala ngaphakathi kwezwe elithile, ngakho-ke ohulumeni kumele bathathe izinyathelo zokubhekana nokusakazeka komphakathi wesifo. Kusukela entwasahlobo ka-2009, i-H1N1 igciwane lesandulela ngculazi lalibizwa ngokuthi yi-WHO, okusho ukuthi selifinyelele eSiteji sesi-5.
Yikuphi Ukuphela Kwesifo Segciwane?
I-WHO ichaza isifo esiwumshayabhuqe kulezi zigaba okukhulunywe ngenhla. Bachaza ukusabalala kwalesi sifo, kuwo wonke amazwe nakwamanye amazwe. Kukhona umehluko phakathi kwesifo nesifo esiwumshayabhuqe .
Kungani uMongameli Obama wamemezela uMbuso wezimo eziphuthumayo e-United States?
Isimo sokumemezela okuphuthumayo ngo-Okthoba 2009 kwakuyisenzo sokuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-1 000 baseMelika (kuhlanganise nabantwana abangaba ngu-100) bafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane wezingulube ze-H1N1.
Lesi simemezelo sincane kakhulu ngokusakazwa kwangempela komkhuhlane kanye nokunye ukuthatha izithiyo ezithinta ukusabela okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo kunengxenye yabahlinzeki, kubandakanya odokotela, izibhedlela, iminyango yempilo yendawo kanye nabanye. Esimweni esiphuthumayo sikahulumeni, la maqembu anenqwaba yokulawula ukuthi abhekana kanjani nokusabela kwabo kanye nekhasi elibomvu likahulumeni elibhekene nalo.
Ngiyaqhubeka Ngizwa "I-Swine Flu" kanye ne "Avian Flu" Esihumusini Esifanayo. Yilokho Lokho Konke?
Umkhuhlane wezilwane ungenye igama lomkhuhlane wezinyoni.
Le mibhangqwana izwa ngokuthi "ingulube, inyoni, umuntu" futhi ibhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi uhlobo lwe-H1N1 lomkhuhlane wesifo sofuba lubonakala luyingxenye yazo zonke ezintathu.
I-Fly Flu Transmitted kanjani?
Umkhuhlane we-ngulube udluliselwa ngendlela nje noma yikuphi isifo segciwane lesandulela ngculaza esidluliselwa ngomuntu oxhumana naye. Umuntu oyedwa uthinta okuthile othile one-virus esevele esethinte noma amaconsi emoyeni avela ekuthungeni noma ekukhwehleleni komuntu onomkhuhlane wezingulube osakazeka komunye umuntu.
Yiziphi Izimpawu Zomkhuhlane Wezingulube?
Izimpawu ze-ingulube yezingulube zifana nezibonakaliso ezijwayelekile zomkhuhlane. I-fever, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, izihlungu zomzimba, ukuphathwa ikhanda, ukubola nokukhathala yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
Ezinye iziguli zibika ukuhuda nokuhlanza, futhi.
Ingabe Abantu Bafa Nge-Swine Flu?
Abantu bangafa, kodwa iningi alikho.
Ingabe Kukhona Umgomo Wokugoma Imfudu Njengomuthi Wokugoma I-Flu?
Umuthi wokugoma wasungulwa ngendlela efanayo nendlela uketshezi lwangonyaka olwenziwa ngayo. Amaqembu acacile abantu ayenqanyuliwe kuqala, ngokwezinhlelo eziphakanyiswe yi-CDC.
Ngingaphephile Uma Ngingakaze Ngibambisane Nezingulube?
Cha. Lena yindabakwane . Ukudluliswa kwegciwane akudingi ukuba uxhumane nezingulube. Kungadlula kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Ngokusho kwe-CDC, kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi abantu abahlangana njalo nezingulube bangase bavikeleke emkhuhlane wezingulube.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi nginezifo?
Uma uthola izimpawu ezinjenge-flu, xhumana nehhovisi lakho udokotela ngokushesha futhi uhlale ekhaya kusuka emsebenzini noma esikoleni . Kungenzeka kube umkhuhlane wengulube noma kungaba umkhuhlane wonyaka noma iyiphi inkinga yokuphefumula engaphezulu. Vumela udokotela wakho ukuba akubone lokho.
Ungabonisi ehhovisi likadokotela wakho kuphela. Shayela kuqala, ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti. Uma abanye beba nezimpawu, awufuni ukuba egumbini lokulinda nabo futhi udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugula akukwazi ukudlula egumbini lokulinda.
Kunezidakamizwa ezithile zemithi udokotela wakho angasikisela ukuthi kungenza ukugula kube lula ukubekezelela, futhi kungakusiza ugweme izinkinga. Lezo zidakamizwa kufanele ziqalwe zingakapheli amahora angu-48 ezibonakaliso ukuze ziphumelele.
Qinisekisa ukuthi umboza umlomo wakho nekhaleni uma ukhwehlela noma uphaqa usebenzisa izicubu noma umkhono wakho hhayi izandla zakho. Awufuni ukuwadlulisela kwabanye.
Ngizobhekana Nesikhathi Eside Kangakanani?
Ubude bokugula buzoxhomeka ebukhulu besifo sakho somkhuhlane. Uzosakazeka kusukela ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu kuze kube yizinsuku eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa kamuva. Izingane zingase zithathelwana ngisho nangaphezulu. I-CDC incoma ukuthi uhlale ekhaya kuze kube amahora angu-24 ngemuva kokuthi umkhuhlane wakho usukile.
Ubani Osebuningi Kokubamba I-Swine Flu?
Njenganoma yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo, izinsana noma noma ubani onesimiso sokuzivikela omzimba asengozini. Abantu baseMelika asebekhulile, labo abazalwa ngaphambi kuka-1960, kubonakala sengathi banesifo esithile sokuzivikela, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi bavuleleke i-pathogen efanayo lapho beyizingane ezincane.
Kodwa-ke, yini engavamile nge-swine flu futhi yilabo bantu abanempilo bangase babe ezingeni elifanayo leengozi. Ochwepheshe bezeMpilo bathi inqubo yokuzivikela emzimbeni enamandla ingabangela umzimba ukuba uhlakulele ama-antibodies amakhulu ukuze ahlasele lelo gciwane, futhi lawo ma-antibodies akhipha amangqamuzana wamaphaphu, enza abantu abanempilo baze bagule.
Abantu abaye bafa yingulube yezingulube bebaneminyaka engama-3 ubudala nangaphansi kweminyaka engama-60.
Ingabe Abanye Abantu Bangavumelani Nawo?
Esinye isifundo segazi esithathwe eqenjini labantu beminyaka yonke labonisa ukuthi 1/3 kulabo abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu babenomkhuhlane okhona ngaphambili. Ososayensi bathi labo bantu bavezwe uhlobo oluthile lwegciwane lapho beyizingane, futhi bakha ama-antibodies adingekayo ukuze alwe nalolo gciwane, okungabavikela kulowo.
Uma lokho kuyiqiniso, noma kunjalo, isiguli siyodinga ukuhlolelwa ukuze sibone ukuthi uyaphila yini. Uma kunjalo, i-CDC ikholelwa ukuthi bayodinga ukudubula okulodwa kuphela komgomo esikhundleni sezinto ezimbili.
Ingabe Izilwane Ezifuywayo Zingazuza I-Swine Flu?
Kusukela ekuqaleni koNovemba 2009, umbiko wokuqala wenziwa ikati evivinywe kahle ngeH1N1 umkhuhlane wezingulube. Imibiko yangaphambilini yenziwe nge-ferret yezilwane eyayitholakala futhi yathola ukuthi ine-H1N1 imkhuhlane yengulube.
Kuze kube manje ayikho imibiko eyenziwe nge-pigs flu in izinja. Uma unengulube yezilwane njengesiyilwane, uzodinga ukuhlola nodokotela wakho wezilwane.
Ngingazivikela Kanjani Mina Nomndeni Wami KuMkhuhlane?
Landela ukuvikela okujwayelekile komqondo kugcizelele kunoma yimuphi umkhuhlane, kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane wonyaka:
- Gcina izandla zakho zigeze futhi zihlanzekile. Uma uthinta into engathwala isifo, gwema ukuthinta amehlo akho, impumulo noma umlomo. Uma ungakwazi ukugeza izandla zakho njalo, sebenzisa ama-sanitizers ngesandla ukuze ugcine amagciwane.
- Gwema ukusondela kwabanye abangase bagule ukuze bagweme ukuphefumula amaconsi baye bakhononda noma bakhukhumeza, noma bathinte okuthile abakuthinte.
- Uma ubingelela abanye, cabanga ukuthi ungagudluli izandla noma uzibambe noma uzibambe ngalesi sikhathi. Lezo ngokuvamile ziyi-courtesies. Ungase ucacise ngisho nokuthi uyabathanda! Bazokuhlonipha ngakho.
- Uma unamalungiselelo okuhamba, yenza okuthile ngokucophelela futhi ucabange ukushintsha amapulani uma uzohamba endaweni lapho izifo zezinkhumba ze-ngulube, ngisho namacala angenzeka e-swine flu, ziye zabonakala. I-CDC ikhuluma ngeziphakamiso zokuhamba.
- Hlela phambili. Hlela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wena noma izingane zakho (okusho ukuthi, nawe,) ungathola ingulube yengulube, kufaka phakathi nokuthi ungadinga ukuhlala ekhaya emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Uma kubonakala sengathi abantu emsebenzini noma esikoleni banesifo sokuphefumula esingenhla, ngisho noma bengabonanga njengengulube yengulube, ungahle ucabange ukuhlala ekhaya, futhi.
- Umuthi wokugoma waba khona nge-swine flu in Fall 2009 .
Ngingayithola I-Swine Flu Yokudla Ingulube?
Cha. Igciwane lesandulela ngculazi alitholakali ngenyama yengulube. Lena enye inganekwane.
Kungani Ngibona Abantu Abagqoke Amaski Ngaphezulu Kwempuphu Nomlomo?
Ezindaweni lapho noma yikuphi igciwane eligijima, lithemba ukuzivikela ekuphefumuleni noma yiziphi izinsalela zegciwane ezingase zishiywe emoyeni kusuka kumuntu oyehlisa noma okhukhumele. Izikhulu zezempilo aziqiniseki ukuthi lezo maski ziyasiza yini noma cha, kodwa ngokuqinisekile azikwazi ukulimaza.
Kufanele Ngabe Ngesaba Sezinkhukhu Zomkhuhlane?
Ukwesaba akudingeki. Inhlonipho enempilo.
> Imithombo:
> "2009 H1N1 Flu (" Swine Flu ") nowe". Cdc.gov .
> "Ukukhulunywa Kwama-Molecular Cell Biology: I-Influenza (Flu) Virus". I-Micro.magnet.fsu.edu .
> I-World Health Organization