Imishanguzo kanye nokudla okunomsoco
Izigidi zemigomo yokugonywa kwengane zinikezwa minyaka yonke e-United States; Ukusabela okubangelwa yizifo ezivela kulezi zitofu kungavamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abanezifo ezithile zokudla bangase babe engozini ephakeme yokubhekana nokugula ngenxa yemigomo equkethe amaprotheni athile okudla.
Kuze kufike ku-8% wezingane ezihluphekayo ngenxa yokudla okunomsoco , neqanda lingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukudla izingane ezingenayo i-allergenic.
Amaningi amaningi okugoma asetshenziselwa ukufaka amagciwane amaprotheni noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane ene-allergies yokudla izothola i-anaphylaxis (ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergen) ngenxa yokuthola igciwane.
Ukudla okulandelayo kutholakala ngemali encane emigodini yokugoma esemncane; ezinye izitolimende ezingezona umkhuba eziqukethe amaprotheni okudla nazo zibalwe.
I-egg
Izingane ezinomdlavuza weqanda zikhathazeka kakhulu lapho zithola imithi yokugoma. Lokhu kulandela ukugonywa kwabantwana kungase kuqukathe amaprotheni ahlobene neqanda noma amaqanda: umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) kanye nemigomo yemishukela-mumps-rubella (MMR). Ukwengeza, imishanguzo elandelayo engeyona ejwayelekile iqukethe amaprotheni amaqanda: i-yellow fever kanye nemigomo ye-typhoid.
Umuthi wokugoma we-Influenza uqukethe inani elilinganiselwe lamaprotheni amaqanda, futhi le mali ingashintsha unyaka nonyaka kanye ne-batch kuya ku-batch. Ngokuvamile, umgomo wokugonywa akufanele unikezwe kubantu abanesifo sengculaza sangempela (abantu abanokuhlolwa okubangelwa ukwelashwa okubangelwa yiqanda kodwa bangadla amaqanda ngaphandle kokubona noma yiziphi izimpawu akuzona iqanda lokuhlunga).
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezithile, inzuzo yokwamukela lo mgomo ungadlula izingozi; lokhu kungase kube njalo kubantu abane-asthma enamandla kanye nobungqingili beqanda. Kulezi zimo, i-allergenist ingakwazi ukunikeza umgomo ngemali encane ngaphezu kwamahora amaningi, kuyilapho uqapha ngokucophelela lowo muntu ukuze aphendule.
Umgomo we-MMR ukhiqizwa emasikeni amaselula e-chick fibroblast; umuthi wokugoma cishe awunamaprotheni amaqanda lapho umuntu onomdlavuza weqanda angasabela khona. Iningi labantu, ngisho nalabo abanenkinga yokungathinteki kweqanda elibi kakhulu, abanalo impendulo yokumelana nomuthi wokugoma we-MMR. Ngakho-ke, i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi izingane ezinezinyosi zokuphuza amaqanda zinganikezwa umgomo we-MMR ngaphandle kokuthatha izinyathelo ezikhethekile. Nokho, kungaba nokucabangela ukuqapha ingane iqanda ehhovisi likadokotela isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokunikeza umgomo we-MMR.
Ukugonywa kwe-yellow fever, umgomo ongewona owenziwe kubantu abaya eCentral / South America nase-Afrika engaseningizimu yeSahara, uqukethe amanani amaningi amaprotheni amaqanda futhi akufanele unikezwe kubantu abaneqhwa lokungalingani. Ukugonywa kwe-yellow fever, okuqukethe inani eliphakeme kakhulu lamaprotheni amaqanda kuwo wonke ama-vacc-based based vaccines, kuye kwabikwa nokuthi kubangelwa ukusabela okwenziwe abantu abanenkinga yokungena emzimbeni wenkukhu. Ngokufana nomuthi wokugoma wamakhuhlane, umuthi wokugoma we-yellow fever ungase ukwazi ukunikezwa amaqanda-abantu abahlukumezayo ngemali encane ngaphezu kwamahora amaningi, ngokuqapha ngokucophelela udokotela.
I-Gelatin
I-Gelatin, enjengaleyo etholakala ku-Jell-O, yengezwa emigodini eminingi njengesiqiniseko sokushisa.
Imishanguzo yengane evamile equkethe i-gelatin ihlanganisa i-MMR, i-varicella (inkukhu-pox), umkhuhlane kanye ne-DTaP (i-diphtheria, i-tetanus ne-acellular pertussis). Imishanguzo engekho emthethweni equkethe i-gelatin ihlanganisa i-yellow fever, i-rabies, ne-encephalitis yaseJapane. Ukusabela okwe-allergen kuya emtholampilo we-MMR kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa ye-gelatin emgodini kunokuba kutholakale amaprotheni amaqanda asetshenziselwa umgomo.
Ngokuyinhloko, noma yimuphi umuntu oye wabhekana nesifo sokudla ngemuva kokudla imikhiqizo yokudla ye-gelatin (Jell-O) akufanele anikezwe noma iyiphi yale migomo engenhla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunjalo nemigomo equkethe amaqanda emaqanda-abantu abaqhekekile, imishanguzo equkethe i-gelatin ingakwazi ukunikezwa i-gelatin-abantu abahlukumezayo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngqo kwedokotela.
Imvubelo Ye Baker
Iminye imithi yokugoma ihlanganiswa yi- Saccharomyces cerevisiae , okuyinto imvubelo evamile yababhaki esetshenziselwa ukwenza isinkwa. Imishanguzo yengane evamile equkethe imvubelo yebheki ihlanganisa isibindi B, nanoma imuphi umuthi wokugoma oqukethe isibindi B.
Noma yimuphi umuntu oye wahlangabezana nokusabela ngemuva kokudla imikhiqizo yokudla ephethe imvubelo yesibhakabhakethi akufanele anikwe ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunjalo nangemigomo equkethe amaqanda emaqanda-abantu abanomsoco, imithi yokugcoba imvubelo ingakwazi ukunikwa imvubelo-abantu abanokuhlushwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngqo komdokotela.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinsisekelo zokudla kokudla , kanye nokudla okuvamile kakhulu kwezingane .
Imithombo:
Moylett EH, Hanson IC. Izenzo Zezingozi Zezingozi Nezehlakalo Ezimbi Ezihlanganiswa Nokuphathwa Kwemithi Yokugoma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004; 114: 1010-20.
I-Cox JE, i-Cheng TL. Izifo ezisekelwe emaqanda. Izingane ezibuyiselwe ekubuyekezweni. 2006; 27: 118-119.
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Ihlolwe ngoDisemba 12, 2007.
ISICELO: Ulwazi oluqukethwe kule sayithi lusezinhloso zemfundo kuphela, futhi akufanele lisetshenziswe njengengxenye yokunakekelwa ngumuntu udokotela olayisensi. Sicela ubheke udokotela wakho ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu noma isimo sezokwelapha.