Ukungahambi kahle, Ukunciphisa, kanye Nyezinye Izindlela Zokuphatha Imithi
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuphatha imithi (indlela umuthi ofakwa ngayo emzimbeni). Ngokusekelwe kumuthi othize osetshenzisiwe, izinga lokumunca okufunayo, kanye nendawo ethize yesenzo (lapho imithi idinga ukuba nomthelela) udokotela wakho noma umuthi wezokwelapha uzokufundisa endleleni yokuphatha okudingekayo kuwe.
Izidakamizwa eziningi zenzelwa indlela ethile yokuphatha futhi kumele zisetshenziswe njengoba ziqondiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle .
Imizila yeMithi Yokuphathwa
Ngokuvamile, kunezigaba ezimbili zokuphatha imithi: i-parenteral ne-nonparenteral. Lezi zigaba ezimbili zinquma nokuthi imithi ihlala yini endaweni eyodwa yomzimba (umphumela wendawo) noma ifakwe isimiso sezinsiza okufanele sisakazwe emathisini omzimba (umphumela wesistimu).
I-Parenteral
Lo mzila wokuphatha uhilela imithi ejojelwa emzimbeni noma yikuphi ngaphandle komlomo noma ingxube ye-feedary (yonke indawo lapho ukudla kudlula khona emzimbeni kusuka emlonyeni kuya ku-anus. Kuhlanganisa isisu, isisu, namathumbu).
Ngokuvamile, i-parenteral iyindlela enokwethenjelwa, eqondile futhi ejulile yokuphatha imithi. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukukhishwa okuphelele futhi okusheshayo kwesidakamizwa kuyadingeka.
Lichaza noma yimiphi imithi ejojowe emzimbeni ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- I-intradermal (ukujova izidakamizwa ezingxenyeni zokuqala zesikhumba)
- I-subcutaneous (ukujova ngqo izicubu ezinamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
- I-intramuscular (injecting ngqo muscle)
- Ukwelashwa (ukujova umuthi ngokuqondile emthini)
- Intracardiac (ukujova ngqo enhliziyweni)
- I-intravenous (ukujova ngokuqondile emthanjeni)
- I-intrathecal (ukungena egumbini lomgogodla)
- I-Epidural (ukungena ngaphakathi kwe-epidural isikhala somgogodla)
- Intraperitoneal (ukujova ngqo emgodini wesisu)
Ijubane lokumunca lihluka ngokuphathwa kwezibeletho, kodwa ngokushesha kunokuphathwa komlomo , okungukuthi umzila ongasenayo. Ezinye zezinkinga zokusebenzisa umzila wokubeletha ukuthi kukhona ingozi encane yokutheleleka, ukulimala kwezicubu, ubuhlungu kanye / noma ukukhathazeka kweziguli ezithile.
I-nonparenteral
I-nonparenteral yindlela yokusebenzisa imithi yomlomo (amaphilisi, ama-capsules, ama-syrups), imithi yokwelapha (amafutha okugcoba, ama-patches afana ne-nitro), kanye ne-suppositories (ubulili kanye nama-rectal). Lo mzila uhlanganisa:
- I-Oral (imithi ithathwa ngomlomo iphinde ifakwe ohlelweni ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokugaya. Ukuphumula kuyasheshisa. Imithi esebenzisa le ndlela ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa uma ukuhlanza kwenzeka.)
- Izilinganiso (izidakamizwa zifakwa phansi kolimi ukuze zithathwe ngumzimba)
- Isicoco (sisetshenziswe ngokuqondile engxenyeni yomzimba)
- I-Transdermal (izithako ezisebenzayo zithunyelwa ngesikhumba sokusabalalisa kwesistimu. Izibonelo zihlanganisa ama-patchermal patches)
- I-ophthalmic (elawulwa ngeso, ngokuvamile ngesimo samaconsi)
- I-Otic (elawulwa ngendlebe)
- I-Nasal ( ephethwe ngekhala)
- I-Rectal (etholwa yi-tract ye-digestive ephansi)
- I-vaginal (ephathwe ngesisu)
- I-mucosal (imithi inikezwa ngekhaleni noma inhalisiwe futhi ixhunyiwe nge-mucosa noma emaceleni ama-bronchioles, ngokulandelana. Ukulawulwa kwezigulane zemithi kubhekwa njenge-mucosal.)
- I-percutaneous (imithi itholwe ngokuqondile ngesikhumba ukuya egazini. Ezinye amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa kanye nama-hormone esikhundleni sendawo alawulwa yizintambo ezitholwa kancane kancane futhi ngendlela efanele ngesikhumba, isibonelo.)
Inzuzo yokusebenzisa le mizila engeyona i-nonparenteral yukuthi kulula futhi elula kakhulu kuningi.
Ngeshwa, uma uhlaselwa yisisulu, uhlanza, awukwazi ukugwinya, noma unezinkinga zamathumbu, ukuthatha imithi nge-tract emathunjini ayizinconywa.