Kungenzeka ukuthi wezwa udokotela wakho uchaza isimo njengento engavamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthini, lokhu kwenzeka nini, futhi kufanele ukhathazeke nini? Kungani kube nesithakazelo esikhulu eminyakeni yamuva mayelana nokuthola isifo uma kusenjalo?
Incazelo ye-Asymptomatic
Igama elithi asymptomatic lisho ngokoqobo ukungabi khona kwezimpawu. Lichaza isimo esikhona, kodwa lapho umuntu engabonakali khona izimpawu zangaphandle noma izimpawu zesifo.
Izibonelo zingafaka umdlavuza we-colon ongenangqondo lapho umuntu enomdlavuza wekoloni kodwa engakaze abe noshintsho emathunjini noma ukuphuma kwegazi, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongenangqondo lapho umuntu engakakhulumi khona ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula noma umdlavuza webele ongenasifo lapho umdlavuza webele kungabonwa ekuhlolweni kwe-imaging (njenge-mammogram) kodwa okwamanje kungabangela ukubola noma ezinye izimpawu.
Ukutheleleka okungenangqondo kungaba yilapho amabhaktheriya noma igciwane lihlasele umzimba kodwa lingakabangeli umkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu. Ukubaluleka kokuthola ukutheleleka okungenasifo kungafaniswa ne-HIV. Uma umuntu ehlola ukuthi unesandulela ngculazi kodwa engenazo izimpawu, ngokuvamile sikuchaza lokhu ngokuthi "une-HIV." Uma izibonakaliso zenzeka, noma kunjalo, njengezifo ezithathelwanayo (izifo ezinezinhlobo ezingavami izifo kubantu abane-immune system) noma kancelisi engavamile, sisebenzisa igama elithi AIDS .
Ukusebenzisa i-Term Awareness in Medicine
Ukwengeza ukudideka kwencazelo yokuzikhandla kwemithi, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko lelo gama elisetshenzisiwe:
- Uma othile ehlangene futhi kamuva wabuyiselwa esibhedlela kangangokuthi asisekho izimpawu abhekwa njengabalingani.
- Uma othile enesimo (njengokutheleleka noma umdlavuza) kodwa akanayo izimpawu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, isimo esikhona futhi esinempawu singabizwa ngokuthi " sesimpawu ."
Ingemuva
Ngezifo eziningi, kunesikhathi esithile lapho lesi sifo sikhona futhi singenasifo ngaphambi kokuthi sibe uphawu. Lokhu kuthiwa ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthi " isigaba esingenakuqhathaniswa. " Eqinisweni, iningi lokuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza lenzelwe ukuthola umdlavuza uma kulesi sigaba-okusho ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona, kodwa umuntu akanayo izimpawu ngenxa yalokhu umdlavuza.
Uma isimo singenakuqhathaniswa, akusho ukuthi akusibi kakhulu. Kusho ukuthi, ngesikhathi samanje, lesi sifo asiboni izimpawu.
Ukubaluleka
Uma utshelwe ukuthi unesifo esithile noma isimo, ungesabi. Kunezikhathi lapho lolu lwazi oluhle-lapho ukwelapha isifo esingakabonakali noma yiziphi izimpawu kungenza umehluko empilweni yakho yesikhathi eside noma ngisho nokusinda. Kodwa kunezikhathi eziningi lapho ukutholakala kwesimiso esingenakuqhathanisa kubangela ukwesaba okungadingekile-okukhanyisa isimo esingeke sibe yinkinga. Kulezi zimo, abanye bangase bathi "kungcono ukungazi," njengoba ukwelapha isimo esingasoze sathuthuka hhayi nje kuphela asivimbeli izifo esikhathini esizayo kodwa siletha izinkinga nemiphumela emibi yimuphi umuthi osetshenziswayo (hhayi khuluma ngalokho okushiwo ngokomzwelo.)
Izimo ezingenzeka
Isimo esingenakuqhathaniswa singabhekisela kunoma imuphi wezimo eziningana ezibandakanya:
- Ukuthola isimo esingenakwenzeka kungaba uphawu lokuqala, oluzobe luzwa, lungathuthukisa izinga lakho lokuphila noma isikhathi eside. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba ukutholakala kokuqala komdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuhlolweni kwe-CT . Kulesi sibonelo, ukucutshungulwa kunconywa kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-80, ababhemé okungenani iminyaka engu-30 yepakethe, futhi baqhubeka bebhema noma bayeke eminyakeni engu-15 edlule. Ekutholeni ama-cancer asanda ku-CT-ngaphambi kokuba kube khona izimpawu-kucatshangwa ukuthi ukubulawa komdlavuza wamaphaphu e-United States kungancipha ngamaphesenti angu-20 kusukela ukuhlola ngokuvamile kuvame ukwelapha umdlavuza ezinyathelweni ezingaphatheki kahle zesifo. Yiqiniso, ukubukwa kungase kubangele nezinye zezimo ngezansi.
- Ukuthola okungenakuqhathaniswa kungase kungabi lutho-okusho ukuthi ukutholakala kwangaphambili ngeke kuholele ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokuphila noma ukusinda okukhulu-kodwa isidingo 'sokusebenza' lokho okutholayo kungabangela ukuphazamiseka ngokomzwelo.
- Ukuthola okungenakuqhathaniswa kungase kungabi lutho-futhi kusho ukuthi ukutholakala kokuqala ngeke kuholele ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yokuphila noma ukusinda okukhulu-kodwa isikhuthazo esidingekayo sokuhlola lokho kungabangela ukulimala okungaphezu kokuthi ngabe ukutholakala kwakungatholakali. Isibonelo singaba yizingozi zokuhlinzekwa ezihlobene ne-biopsy ebonisa isimo esitholakale singaba nomdlavuza.
- Ukutholakala okungaqondakali kungabangela ukusinda okuthuthukile kwabanye abantu, kodwa ukulimaza abanye. Isibonelo ngukuphikisana okuzungezile ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA lapho ukuhlolwa kungabangela ukupaka okungadingekile nokwelashwa (umonakalo) okwesikhashana ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukusinda kwabanye.
- Ukutholakala okungaqondakali kungasho izinto ezahlukene kubantu abahlukene. Isibonelo kungaba ukutholakala kwamabhaktheriya ekuhlolweni komchamo. Kulabo besifazane abakhulelwe noma abantu abaye bahlakulela amasosha omzimba, ukuqaphela lokhu kutholakala kungasiza futhi kuncishise ingozi yezifo ezibi kakhulu, kodwa kubantu abanempilo enhle bangabangela ukwelashwa okungenamthetho (futhi kungenzeka ukuba nemiphumela emibi kanye nokuthinta okubi kulawo mithi. )
- Ukuthola okungaqondakali kungasho ukutheleleka okuncane. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba ukuhlolwa okuhle kokusakaza komuntu ongenazo izimpawu, noma ukuhlolwa kwe- herpes ngokobulili kumuntu ongenayo izimpawu (noma ukuhlolwa okuthelelekile kwe-HIV .) Ukuqaphela ukutheleleka okungenasifo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwesifo.
- Kungenzeka ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa okungafani kahle kusho ukuthini isiguli ngasinye. Ukuthola kungalungisa (hamba) noma kungaqhubeka futhi kubangele izimpawu.
Ukuphikisana ekuhlolweni
Muva nje, sekukhona ukuphikisana okukhulu mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezivivinyo zokuhlola, ngisho nokuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza. Ngenkathi ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wekoloni , isibonelo, kusindisa ngokucacile izimpilo, akukaqiniseki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwesicathulo noma ngisho nokuhlola umdlavuza webele kunendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusinda (okulinganisa izinzuzo kwezinye izingozi kwabanye.) Ngokuqinisekile, lezi zivivinyo zokuhlola zikhulisa ukuxilongwa komdlavuza, okuyinto enengxabano yamanje emdlalweni wokuhlola umdlavuza obizwa ngokuthi i-over-diagnosis. "Ngokuvamile kunzima ukwazi ukuthi isimo esingenasifo sizoqhubeka yini noma ngeke sisho lutho. Uma sizoqhubeka, ukuthola isimo kungasindisa izimpilo. 'Ukuthola isimo kungase kubangele ukubhekwa ngokweqile, ukuphathwa ngokweqile, kanye nezingozi ezingase zibe khona ezihlobene nezinqubo zokuxilonga kanye nokwelashwa.
Ngaphansi
Ngokuqinisekile, kunezimo lapho ukwelashwa kwesimo esingenakuqhathanisa kwenza khona umehluko, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukutholakala okungenakuqhathaniswa kudinga ukuxoxwa ngokucophelela nangokwedlulele nodokotela wakho. Lokho kusho, kubalulekile ukuthi abantu baqaphele ukuthi akuwona wonke okutholakele okunenjongo. Igama elivame ukusetshenziselwa izakhamuzi zezokwelapha "imifino ebomvu." Akuvamile ukuthola izimo ezingenasisekelo, kodwa njengoba isimo sitholakale, ukuhlinzwa okugcwele kanye nokwelapha okungenzeka kungabe sekugunyazwa. Ukuba ngummeli wakho siqu ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le nkinga evelayo-ukwehla kwezingqinamba ezinhle kanye nentuthuko esiyenzile ekutholeni izifo.
Ukubizwa ngegama: A-simp-tow-mat-ick
Izibonelo: UJaynie uthe bathole umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-CT uma kungenakwenzeka.
> Imithombo:
> Saquib, N., Saquib, J., noJ. Ionnidis. Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwezifo kusindisa izimpilo kubantu abadala abangenakuqhathaniswa? Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kokuhlaziywa kwe-meta nokuhlolwa okungahleliwe. I-International Journal ye-Epidemiology . Ishicilelwe ku-Intanethi Ngo-January 15, 2015.
> I-Library Kazwelonke Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha. I-Medline Plus. I-Asymptomatic. Kubuyekezwe 12/10/16. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002217.htm
> I-US Preventive Task Force. Bacteriuria engabonakali kubantu abadala: Ukuhlola.