Odokotela basebenzisa amathuluzi amaningi ukukhomba ubuthi be-Carbon Monoxide esibhedlela
Ukubona ubuthi be-carbon monoxide kunzima kunalokho okuzwakalayo. Ngokusobala, ukuvezwa kwe-carbon monoxide kuholela emazingeni aphezulu e-carbon monoxide egazini, futhi yilokho okutholakala khona. Okuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuvezwa kwe-carbon monoxide kuyinkimbinkimbi (ukuthi ingakanani i-carbon monoxide inomoya) nesikhathi (isikhathi esingakanani isiguli esiphefumula), okusho ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwe-carbon monoxide ushetion kuyinhlanganisela yokubona izimpawu nezimpawu kanye ukulinganisa inani le-CO egameni legazi.
Ukuhlola Ukuhlola / Ukuhlolwa Kwekhaya
Ayikho inketho yokuzivikela ye-carbon monoxide ubuthi, kodwa noma ubani onokudideka noma ukulahlekelwa yilazi kufanele abe ngu-911. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele usolise uketshezi lwe-carbon monoxide uma umuntu ongaphezu kwesisodwa esakhiweni somthombo wokushisa (isithando somlilo, indawo yomlilo, imishini yegesi, isitofu esishisayo, njll) ukhononda ngekhanda kanye nesicashu.
Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwe-carbon monoxide, bonke abahlala kwesakhiwo kufanele baphume ngaphandle ukuphefumula umoya omusha, kanye nokubiza u-911. Uma usola ukuthi u-CO ubuthi, ungazami ukushayela; Shayela ucingo i-ambulensi.
I-CO egazini
I-carbon monoxide (CO) ibopha i-hemoglobin ngendlela efanayo ne-oksijeni eyenzayo. Ngeshwa, i-hemoglobin inezikhathi ezingaba ngu-230 ukungena kwe-CO kunalokho okwenzela oksijeni, ngakho-ke ngisho ne-carbon monoxide encane enganyakaliyo iyobopha i-hemoglobin futhi ivimbele umoya-mpilo kusuka ku-equation. Sibheka i-hemoglobin ehlanganiswe ne-CO "carboxyhemoglobin," futhi lokho kuyisilinganiso esisebenzisayo ukucacisa ubuhlungu be-carbon monoxide poisoning.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuphendula
Abanye abaphenduli bokuqala banamandla okukala i-carboxyhemoglobin egazini besebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-pulse carbon monoxide oximeter. Ngokuqondile, i-CO-oximeter ye-pulse iyalinganisa ukufakelwa kwe-carbon monoxide ku-hemoglobin (SpCO). Isebenzisa amagagasi alula (avame ukukhanya ngezikhwepha) ukukala ukufaka satoni kwe-carbon monoxide okungenasidingo.
Enye indlela yokulinganisa okungenasidingo isebenzisa umoya okhishwe umoya ukucacisa amazinga e-carbon monoxide. Olunye ucwaningo luye lwathola i-CO exhaled ibe engalungile njengendlela enqunywe yi-carbon monoxide poisoning.
I-SpCO ayilinganiswa yibo bonke abaphenduli bokuqala, ngakho umlando nokuhlolwa komzimba kusekhona izinga legolide endaweni yesehlakalo. Ngeshwa, i-oxyetry yamapayipi yendabuko, esetshenziselwa ukukala kuphela ukuthi i-hemoglobin igcwele i-oxgyen noma cha, ikhohliswa yi-carbon monoxide ubuthi ekuboniseni umoya ophezulu wokuphefumula oksijini lapho i-carboxyhemoglobin ikhona. Lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthola umlando omuhle nokuhlolwa komzimba wesiguli.
Izivivinyo zeLebatho
Esesibhedlela, kusetshenziswe ukuhlolwa okunamandla kepha okunamandla kakhulu. Ibizwa ngegesi legazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegesi kulinganisa inani lamagesi asemkhathini-ngokuvamile i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide-egazini legazi ngokukhipha igazi emithanjeni. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi kudonsela igazi emithanjeni, okuyinto elula futhi ephephile isiguli.
Ukuhlolwa kwegesi egazini legazi kuyindlela ejwayelekile ye-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide ngoba lezo gesi ziyashintsha kakhulu ngaphambi nangemva kwegazi ezigeleza ngamathisini omzimba. Amagesi okushisa-kunokuba i-venous-measure i-hemoglobin ikwazi ukunikeza oksijini futhi isuse i-carbon dioxide.
Njengoba i-carbon monoxide engasetshenzisiwe noma isuswe kalula egazini, ingahlolwa ngegazi noma legazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegesi kubhekwa njengokunembile kune-CO-oximetry ye-pulse. Ngisho noma ama-oximetry ewusizo ukukhomba iziguli esiteshini okungenzeka zibe ne-carbon monoxide ushevu, ama-gesi wegazi kufanele atholakale ukuqinisekisa amazinga we-carboxyhemoglobin.
Ukucabanga
Ukushisa okweqile kwe-carbon monoxide okuvela ekugxilweni okuphakeme kwekhabhoni monoxide ngezikhathi ezincane zokuchayeka akuyona kuphela umphumela we-carbon monoxide. Isikhathi esingapheli (isikhathi eside) ukuchayeka kwe-carbon monoxide ezingxenyeni eziphansi kakhulu kungabangela nokulimala kwezicubu, ikakhulukazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni.
Ngisho noma amazinga we-carboxyhemoglobin ezigulini ezivelele ezingapheli zingase zibe ngaphansi kuneziguli ezinzima, kunezinye izindlela zokubona umonakalo. Okuvame kakhulu ukubuka izicubu nge-imaging yezokwelapha. I-imagery ye-resonance magnetic (MRI) iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ubuchopho ukuze kubonakale ukulimala kusuka ku-carbon monoxide poisoning.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Ngenxa yokungabonakali kwezibonakaliso eziningi ezihambisana ne-carbon monoxide poisoning- ngenxa yokuthi, ukuhlanza, ukukhanda ikhanda, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu besifuba-nezinye izifo zokuxilonga ziyasolakala njalo. I-carbon monoxide ephakeme emzimbeni wesiguli izosikisela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubuthi be-carbon monoxide, kodwa ezinye izimbangela zisadingeka zikhishwe.
Uhlu lwezinkinga zokuhlukana ngokwehlukana lukhulu kakhulu ukukhomba. Icala ngalinye lihlukile futhi kufanele lihlolwe ngokususelwa kwisethulo sesiguli, umlando, nokuhlolwa.
> Imithombo:
> Cannon, C., Bilkowski, R., Adhikari, S., & Nasr, I. (2004). Ukuhlanganiswa kwamazinga e-carboxyhemoglobin phakathi kwamasampuli egazini egazini negazi. Ama-Annal Of Medicine Emergency , 44 (4), S55. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.annemergmed.2004.07.181
> Hullin, T., Aboab, J., Desseaux, K., Chevret, S., no-Annane, D. (2017). Ukulingana phakathi kokuqina komtholampilo nokulinganisa okungafani nomonakalo we-carbon monoxide ukuxilongwa: Ucwaningo lwabantu. PLoS ONE , 12 (3), e0174672. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174672
> Kuroda, H., Fujihara, K., Kushimoto, S., & Aoki, M. (2015). Ukufakwa komtholampilo we-Novel we-delayed neurologic sequelae emva kwe-carbon monoxide poisoning kanye nezici ezihambisana nomphumela. I-Neurotoxicology , 48 , 35-43. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.neuro.2015.03.002
> McKenzie, LB, Roberts, KJ, Shields, WC, McDonald, E., Omaki, E., Abdel-Rasoul, M., & Gielen, AC (2017). Ukusabalalisa nokuHlola kwe-Carbon Monoxide Detector Intervention ngezilungiselelo ezimbili: uMnyango ophuthumayo noMphakathi wase-Urban. Journal of Health Environmental , 79 (9), 24-30.
> Rose, JJ, Wang, L., Xu, Q., McTiernan, CF, Shiva, S., Tejero, J., & Gladwin, MT (2017). I-Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: I-Pathogenesis, Ukuphathwa, Neziqondiso Ezizayo Ze-Therapy. I-American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , 195 (5), 596-606. http://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201606-1275CI